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Biomedical subjects

J A Becker

Publications and source records attributed to J A Becker.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Autourethrography.

"Autourethrography," a technique of retrograde urethrography in which the patient injects the contrast material, was used on 22 patients. The results of the study were compared with the results of nonemergency retrograde urethrography performed on 22 patients during an earlier 1-year period. The following observations of the autourethrography group were made. Patient tolerance was enhanced, with less discomfort and anxiety. There was no extravasation of contrast material outside the urethra, compared with extravasation in three of 22 patients (14%) in the control group for whom conventional techniques were used. Retrograde opacification of the posterior urethra was achieved in 20 of 22 patients (91%) in the autourethrography group, compared with 13 of 22 patients (59%) in the control group. Radiation exposure to the examining radiologist was eliminated. Autourethrography is a technique that has important benefits for both the radiologist and the patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The role of radiology in evaluation of the failing renal transplantation.

Renal allograft transplantation frequently is the optimal treatment for patients in renal failure. This review discusses the current status of renal transplantation, emphasizing the medical and surgical processes that can interfere with normal renal function. Although many insults to the renal allograft are nonspecific, a logical approach to the identification of the decrease in renal function and appropriate treatment can be suggested by some imaging procedures.

Cyclosporins↗
PubMed1990

Anomalous systemic and pulmonary venous pathways diagnosed in utero by ultrasound.

Anomalies of systemic and pulmonary venous return are found as either isolated lesions or as part of a complex cardiac malformation. Specifically, these venous pathway malformations are associated frequently with the cardiac defects in asplenia or polysplenia. This report describes the prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of both anomalous pulmonary and systemic venous drainage in three late gestation fetuses with a splenic syndrome and complex congenital heart disease. In addition, the utility of color-flow Doppler as an aid in making the diagnosis is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Correlation of experimental rCBF determinations in goats with flow measurements from a Doppler-modified carotid artery shunt.

A carotid artery shunt system has been developed that continuously monitors blood flow rates by embedding a Doppler crystal in the shunt wall. The crystal ranges through a "liquid lens" that enables it to be placed without violation of the shunt lumen. Because the crystal is at a fixed angle (45 degrees) to the axis of blood flow and the diameter of the lumen remains constant, a linear relationship exists between flow rates and the Doppler velocity signal. This shunt system was previously tested in vitro using a pulsatile pump and was found to be accurate to within 4.7% of the actual flow rate. In the present study, animal (goat) experiments were performed consisting of simultaneous carotid shunt flow and bilateral rCBF measurements by the radiolabeled microsphere technique to determine in vivo the accuracy of this Doppler modified shunt and to ascertain the ability of shunt flow to increase in the face of acute contralateral carotid occlusion. Data from five animals show that in vivo shunt flow can be recorded to within 13% of control rCBF and that shunt flow increases nearly 50% under conditions of distal demand (contralateral carotid occlusion). This device may prove useful in laboratory studies of carotid shunt dynamics and in clinical practice to quickly detect correctable shunt flow abnormalities.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Renal tuberculosis.

Imaging of renal tuberculosis is reviewed, with the observation that early changes are best seen with urography/pyelography and chronic changes are best evaluated with ultrasound/computed tomography. Imaging procedures are of limited value until a proven bacteriologic diagnosis is made.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of associations to vowel speech sounds by English and Spanish speakers.

Many psycholinguists have studied associations to vowel speech sounds. It appears that associations involving brightness and size are related to the manner in which the vowels are articulated. That is, high front vowels are judged to be bright and small, and low back vowels are judged to be dim and large. In an extension of a study by Greenberg and Jenkins (1966), 40 English-speaking and 40 Spanish-speaking adults rated nine audiotaped vowel sounds on 23 dimensions. The front-back distinction was again found for both groups. In addition, ratings for all nine vowels were similar for the two groups, which has implications for the cross-cultural universality of these associations.

Association↗
PubMed1985

Radiologic diagnosis of renal trauma.

Computed tomography is the diagnostic procedure of choice for the evaluation of significant blunt abdominal trauma. It not only assesses the extent and character of renal injury, but also identifies the presence of intraperitoneal hemorrhage and parenchymal injury. It allows the best opportunity to diagnose and salvage the injured renal pedicle, and to discover the pathologic renal injury. Urography should be reserved for use in patients with penetrating abdominal trauma and isolated renal trauma.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Radiologic diagnosis of extrarenal genitourinary trauma.

The radiologic management of lower genitourinary trauma requires that practitioners be familiar with a wide variety of imaging modalities including retrograde urethrography and cystography, scrotal ultrasonography, and corpus cavernosography. These conventional examinations will provide accurate and clinically relevant data if they are performed using techniques appropriate for the patient.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Interventional radiology in the treatment of retroperitoneal trauma.

Interventional radiology is used most often in the management of the trauma patient to control hemorrhage and drain fluid collections. Transcatheter arterial embolization is an effective, expeditious, and safe technique for the nonoperative control of renal and other retroperitoneal bleeding, arteriovenous fistulas, and pseudoaneurysms. Transcatheter drainage of renal and other retroperitoneal collections of pus, urine, and blood is successful in more than 90% of trauma patients; such drainage should be attempted prior to any surgical intervention. Other procedures, such as antegrade nephrostomy, ureteral stenting and dilatation, angioplasty of traumatic renal artery stenosis, and suprapubic cystostomy, are infrequently indicated but provide alternatives to standard surgical intervention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Strategies for the radiologic management of genitourinary trauma.

The imaging evaluation of the patient with genitourinary injuries must be tailored to provide accurate and clinically relevant data that can be used to make treatment decisions. This radiologic evaluation should consider the patient's hemodynamic status, the mechanism of injury, and the possible associated injuries.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1985

GU trauma.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Female↗
PubMed1984

A case-control study of cancers of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.

To examine occupation, smoking, and other risk factors for nasal cancer, a case-control study was conducted among 160 patients, who were admitted to four hospitals in North Carolina and Virginia between 1970 and 1980, and 290 controls. Employment in the furniture industry was not associated with squamous cell tumors, but such employment increased the risk of nasal adenocarcinoma by fivefold. In addition, approximately threefold excess risks of adenocarcinoma were observed for those employed in other industries involving possible exposure to wood dust. Elevated risks among males were also associated with occupational exposures to chromates (relative risk (RR) = 5.1) and chemicals (RR = 2.7). Among females, an excess risk was associated with employment in the textile industry, particularly for jobs involving dust exposure (RR = 2.3). Although there was no evidence that alcohol consumption affected risk, heavy cigarette smokers were at a two- to threefold excess risk (predominantly for squamous cell tumors); in addition, there was evidence that there was an elevated risk associated with the use of snuff. Elevated risks were also associated with histories of nasal polyps (RR = 8.3), recurrent nose bleeds (RR = 2.0), and sinus trouble (RR = 2.7). These findings provide leads for further studies, and underscore the importance of distinguishing between histologic types.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Renal ultrasound in acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Ten patients with clinical and laboratory features of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) underwent renal ultrasonography prior to biopsy because of proteinuria, azotemia, or uremia. Four patients had a history of intravenous heroin abuse and were considered separately so as to exclude it as a cause of nephropathy. Histological examination revealed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), which in patients with AIDS is characterized by rapid progression to severe uremia (though FSGS can also occur in several other forms of renal disease). The authors recommend that AIDS-associated FSGS be considered as a cause of type I parenchymal disease and suggest that serial sonograms may be useful in monitoring progressive renal involvement.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Detection of renal calculi: the value of tomography.

Two hundred patients were evaluated to determine the sensitivity of tomography in detecting calculous disease of the upper urinary tract. In all cases, patients had routine scout radiographs of the abdomen and five precontrast tomograms of the kidneys. Of the 200 patients, 28 (14%) had renal calculi. Of these, 11 (39%) had either unsuspected or more calculi detected on tomography than seen on abdominal radiographs. Patients with symptoms suggestive of calculous disease should be evaluated with tomography in addition to plain films in order to optimize the detection and the extent of calculous disease involving the urinary tract.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗