Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Iu Z Rozenblium.
The review describes the main provisions of theories and understanding related with the physiology and pathology of accommodation from the time of Helmholtz up to the present-day; besides, methods of therapy and prophylaxis in accommodation disturbances in young people are summarized.
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The review deals with association of traffic accidents and visual state of drivers. The study in healthy professional drivers covered influence of visual defect patterns (short sight, lower visual acuity, unilateral amblyopia and single eye) on quality of car driving. The driving quality appeared to be influenced by factor causing lower visual acuity (changes in refraction and opacity of transparent eye structures). Binocular vision plays insignificant role in driving and maneuvering. Lower quality of maneuvering results mainly from diplopia, but not from loss of stereoscopic vision.
The authors describe a syndrome diagnosed in workers who perform tasks requiring visual strain. The syndrome comprises worse visual control, discomfort in orbital area and characteristic changes of refraction and accommodation. The young people having emmetropia and myopia demonstrate temporary and later consistent increase of refraction, and the elderly ones--decreased refraction and early development of presbyopia. In both cases marked fall of accommodation was shown. The article suggests also a possible scheme describing pathogenesis of the syndrome.
Dynamic studies of visual capacity for work in individuals working with displays revealed decreased accommodation volume after the long concentration on the display. The total time of work with the display of more than 2h a day involved a decrease of the accommodation volume by 0.42-0.49 diopters and transitory myopia of 0.15-0.21 diopters, as well as increased self-appraisal of fatigue. The system of prophylactic measures including rest breaks, special exercises, massage was worked out and put into practice. Repeated study has proved the effectiveness of suggested measures.
Four methods (by means of Smirnova-Korniushina's aberrometer; with the help of aberroscope--Cherning's lattice; by presenting a figure of a cross; and by automatic refractometry through different portions of the pupil) were used for studying aberration of the optic system of the eye in 490 persons. Among them, 37 were healthy persons, 27--patients with ametropia of moderate degree, 24--with high myopia, 9--with astigmatism above 3.0 D, 16--with monocular diplopia, 327--with keratoconus, 7--with scars of the cornea, 21--with initial cataract, 47--after keratotomy. In norm and in ametropia to 6.0 D, a histogram of refraction distribution by the pupil has a small disperse and a pronounced peak, the Cherning's lattice is straight. In high myopia, the disperse of refraction increases, the peak is slightly pronounced, the lattice is curved along the margins. In astigmatism, the disperse of refraction is great, but there can be peaks. The whole lattice is curved. In monocular diplopia, two more peaks can be seen on the histogram. The lattice is greatly curved. In keratoconus, aberrometry without correction is possible only at the initial stage and shows a rather mixed picture. The histogram of refraction represents a low irregular row. In aberroscopy, the bands are greatly curved, frequently overstep the bounds of the frame that itself looses a form of a circle, becomes oval or polygonal. Contact correction improves the aberration picture considerably. In scars of the cornea, the lattice is distorted and infrequently repeats their forms. In initial cataract, the course of the bands becomes interrupted and rounded spots appear between them.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The paper analyses indication to anterior radial keratotomy. Results of the study carried out concerning the influence of uncorrected myopia on successful fulfillment of different tasks (aiming from a sporting gun, operation of a bridge crane, take off and landing on the airplane trainer, etc.) have shown that myopia of 2. OD doesn't influence the fulfillment of work not only with objects situated at near distance from the eyes but at far distance as well. Thus the mentioned myopia cannot serve as a professional indication to keratotomy. The analysis of typical complaints of patients after keratotomy allowed to distinguish 8 main complaints and to assess their incidence and causes as well as causes their of appearance. It is established that even uncomplicated keratotomy can lead to functional changes in vision lowering visual capacity for work. On the basis of all mentioned above a scheme of indications and contraindications to keratotomy is proposed.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
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Objective parameters of accommodation (amplitude, time of response, and stability) were evaluated in patients with myopia aged 7-22 years on an AA-2000 Nidek accommodographer. A decrease in accommodation response depended on age and degree of myopia. Rapid accommodation parameters were in high correlation with the relative accommodation reserve. Three groups of patients with different efficiency of accommodation training were distinguished: with positive effect (77.1%), no effect, and paradoxical effect.