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Biomedical subjects

Iu V Andreev

Publications and source records attributed to Iu V Andreev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of drainage of the abdominal cavity].

In order to generalize the indications for drainage of the abdominal cavity the authors have systematized and subdivided them into one-type groups depending on the aims, (medical, prophylactic) and tasks, which on their opinion can allow the surgeons to better realize the reasons of using this method of treatment and to critically assess it. An analysis of clinical material was made in order to find out the frequency and localization of intraabdominal abscesses and to assess the measures taken for their prevention. It was found that in spite of the abdominal cavity drainage after 1568 operations on emergency indications, abscesses developed in 43 patients. An analysis of the investigation has shown that the causes, frequency and localization of postoperative abscesses are not predictable, prophylactic measures have low efficiency due to using passive glove-tube drainage and to too frequent using this not safe method without special need.

Abdominal Abscess↗
PubMed1998

[The surgical procedure in the Mallory-Weiss syndrome].

The authors dealt with treatment of 112 patients aged 27-70 years with the Mallory-Weiss syndrome. The diagnosis was confirmed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Diathermocoagulation was used in order to arrest bleeding. In profuse bleeding the margins of the mucosa fissures were first infiltrated with a solution of adrenaline. The Blakemore [correction of Bleikmorr] probe compression method was also used. Organ-saving operations were performed for continuing and recurrent bleedings. Two elderly patients with severe coexistent disease died. The authors consider that patients with the Mallory-Weiss syndrome must be treated by conservative methods. Operations for disruptions of the esophagus mucosa and acute blood loss will entail great risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Diagnosis of fractures by sound].

For the purpose of objective evaluation of the sound diagnosis the authors have generalized an experience of application of four methods of the acoustic diagnosis of bone fractures. There have been compared the efficiency of the auscultatory percussion method, the method of its objectivization by means of measuring devices, the sound diagnosis method, following the pattern of auscultatory percussion and self-sustained oscillation measuring method. There have been noted the high efficiency and up to 98% coincidences with clinico-roentgenologic data in case of application of the sound diagnosis method with the self-sustained oscillation systems.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Laser extraction of brown cataracts with an Nd-YAG 1.44 mcm laser].

A total of 172 extractions of brown nucleus cataracts with maximum compactness were carried out using a RAKOT complex of devices, developed by the authors for laser extraction of compact nuclei and based on the use of Nd:YAG laser with a wavelength of 1.44 mu. Brown cataract was effectively destroyed at 200-250 mJ and pulse generation frequency 25 Hz within 9-12 min during the first 20 operations and 4-6 min during subsequent 152 operations. Five (2.9%) ruptures of the posterior capsule of the lens were detected. The cornea remained transparent on days 1-2 in 9 of 20 (45%) first operations and in 150 of 152 (98.6%) subsequent operations. A combination of common and heavy viscous elastic was used for the protection of the posterior surface of the cornea. The posterior capsule of the lens was protected by an original silicone thin plate. Loss of corneal epithelium in such a method of nucleus destruction is no more than 2-6%. Intraocular pressure is no higher than 21 mm Hg. If the coefficient of liquid discharge easiness is decreased before the intervention, intraocular pressure can increase during the early postoperative period. High visual acuity (0.7-1.0) was attained in 98% cases in the absence of concomitant retinal diseases. No complications which could be attributed to negative effect of laser on the eye were recorded during the remote period after the operation. The results indicate high efficiency and safety of laser extraction of cataracts.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fluorescent angiographic evaluation of the iris microcirculation in cataract extraction by Nd:YAG laser with wavelength of 1.44 mcm].

The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the iridial microcirculation by fluorescent iridial angiography after laser cataract extraction by using a new extraction device, i.e. "RAKOT", based on the Nd:YAG-laser with wave length of 1.44 mcm. 25 eyes (21 patients) aged 71 to 87 with mature senile cataract were examined. The method of laser cataract extraction was used in 14 cases. These eyes made up the main examination group. As for the controls (11 eyes), the manual technic of cataract extraction was used for them. The results in the main group show that the degree of the response of the iridial microvessels to surgery is insignificant and the microcirculation restores completely in 1.5-2 months after surgery provided there are no initial pathological changes in the iridial microcirculation (3 eyes). A short-time intensification of permeability of the iridial microcirculation is possible in eyes with a pronounced initial pathology in the iris (11 cases), however it restores to the original level during 3-3.5 months after surgery. The iridial microcirculation restores in the controls during 3 months after surgery. The described data demonstrate that the laser cataract extraction does not lead to pronounced iridial vascular disorders. A comparison with the controls is indicative of a lower trauma in case of laser method versus the manual technic of lens extraction.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intraocular pressure after cataract extraction by Nd:YAG laser with a wave length of 1.44 mcm].

The purpose of the study was to analyze in detail the condition of intraocular pressure (IOP) in cataract extraction performed by means of a new device, which was designed by us and which is based on the use of Nd:YAG laser with a wave length of 1.44 mem. 320 eyes were examined on a randomized basis in 212 patients after laser cataract extraction. According to the obtained results at the initial stage of using the technique in question (the first study group) there was registered a significant growth of IOP (Po) as compared with the preoperative level; besides, the easy discharge coefficient went down during the early postoperative period. However, Po did not exceed the upper norm limit in 92% of cases. The tonographic parameters recovered during 2 months after surgery. As the developed variant of the surgical technique was made use of (the second study group), the obtained results turned out to be better. Fixation of the working heads in the center of the operative field and as far as possible from the ocular sensitive zones was the most important condition of safe surgery. When the optimal surgical technique was combined with preserving a stable layer of viscoelastic during the whole time period of destruction of the nucleus, then it was possible, in the early postoperative period, to avoid an increase of mean Po values and a decrease of the easy discharge coefficient. The maximum values of IOP (Po) were found to be normal in 91.8% of cases. The conducted study proves that the technique, worked out by us, does not cause any pronounced changes in the hydrodynamics of an operated eye, which suggests a more sparing nature of laser action as compared to that of ultrasound.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cell loss in the posterior corneal epithelium after cataract extraction by Nd:YAG laser with wave length 1.44 mcm].

The purpose of the case study, as described in the paper, was to evaluate the cell loss in the corneal posterior epithelium (CPE) after laser cataract extraction (LCE) by means of a new laser unit designed on the basis of ND:YAG laser with a wave length of 1.44 microns. The conditions of 59 eyes with high (degrees 3-4) and extra high (degree 5) lens density were analyzed preoperatively and 3 months after LCE. Group 1 comprised 51 surgical cases, which were ideal in the technical respect; Group 2 comprised 8 surgical cases involving an intraoperative short-time lifting of the fragmentized lens mass into the eye anterior chamber during aspiration. The method of contactless endothelial biomicroscopy ("SP-1000" unit, "Topcon Co.", Japan) was made use of. According to the obtained results, it can be stated: the CPE cell loss made 1-9% (4.69 +/- 0.7%) and 1-18% (9.4 +/- 8.4%) in Groups 1 and 2, respectively. The total energy exposition level to laser radiation is the most significant factor affecting the CPE cell loss. The pulse energy radiation level did not affect the CPE cell loss. The corneal posterior surface was subject to a highly adverse impact in the fragmentation of brown cataracts. Finally, the results are indicative of an insignificant surgical trauma in LCE.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Development of a new technology of photodynamic destruction of newly formed corneal vessels via local administration of photosensitizers].

The purpose of the study was to perfect the procedure, based on the local administration of photosensitizers (PS) into the lumen of vascular trunks, for photodynamic destruction of newly formed corneal vessels. It was performed on 24 rabbits in which corneal intergrowth of newly formed vessels was induced, by applying nine No. 8.0 silk sutures. The vasculature formed 3 weeks later was represented as 20-35 large vascular trunks. A special microneedle, 200 microm in diameter, was designed for local administration of PS. Surgery was performed, by applying microsurgical techniques under an "Opton" operating microscope. The study showed the basic possibility of inserting the microneedle into the lumen of vascular trunks at the limbus with the subsequent filling of vessels with PS. It was sufficient for photodynamic effects to irradiate the cornea with light from the illumination lamp of an operating microscope throughout the operation (3-5 min). The most effective method for locally using PS involved its successive administration into 7-8 largest vascular trunks (the whole network was filled in by anastomoses in each case). The administration of PS into one large nutrient vessel was less effective due to the rapid flowing-out of PS from the vascular minor branches. Deuteroporphyrin sodium (dimegin) has a high photodynamic effect. The morphological basis of the effect is total endothelial destruction of newly formed vessels. The performed studies have demonstrated that the local administration of PS is as effective as the conventional technology of photodynamic therapy. The procedure is more adaptable to the problems of eye surgery due to the absence of systemic action on the patient's body.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Optic coherent tomography in patients with immature cataract and pseudophakia].

Optic coherent tomography (OCT) was used to examine 14 persons (15 eyes) before and the following day after laser cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation. There were slight, but statistically significant differences in the quantitative indicators of OCT in the eyes of immature cataract and pseudophakia (a reduction in the minimum retinal thickness in the foveolar area and that in the design volume of the macular area by the order of 1.4% of the baseline value). The above differences are likely to be largely due to the optic features of the pseudophakic eye; however, this suggestion needs further experimental and clinical studies.

Aged↗