Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Iu I Nikolenko.
Thyroid gland function was investigated in rats with experimental hyperuricemia. Data obtained indicate that dyshormonal changes are secondary ones and their development depends on the state of purine metabolism. Administration of allopyrinol, an uric acid depressant drug, improved thyroid gland function.
Patients with system lupus erythematosus, rheumatic arthritis, chronic active hepatitis and gout were found to have considerable hyperuricemia and be decreased in aminoacides content, which are the predecessors of purine. Hyperactivity of xanthineoxidase and POL content were also revealed. The close correlation relation of purine indices of such patients has been observed. The obtained data allow applying methods of correction of immunity system and purine metabolism to these patients by introducing in a complex therapy inhibitors of xanthineoxidase.
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The efficacy was studied of using allopurinol in 68 patients with primary podagra. The obtained results were compared with the treatment of 118 other patients who received similar treatment but without allopurinol (zanthinoxidase inhibitor). Allopurinol increased essentially the efficacy of therapeutic measures though positive dynamics concerning the renal process was achieved in 1/3 of patients.
As many as 96 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and 25 with lupus glomerulonephritis (LGN) were examined for chromosomal aberrations (CA) in peripheral blood lymphocytes in different clinical variants and morphological forms of CGN and LGN as well as for their dynamics under the influence of cytotoxic drugs. In patients with active CGN and LGN, chromosomal instability may develop. The treatment with cyclophosphamide in a dose of 2.0-2.5 mg/kg/day appreciably increases chromosomal instability the level of which rises progressively with the treatment period increase. The treatment with azathioprine in a dose of 1.5-2.0 mg/kg/day is not associated with a noticeable increment of the rate of CA. The studies of the level of CA can be used for estimating CGN and LGN activity. Chronic renal failure did not change the level of CA either in CGN or in LGN. In different morphological forms of glomerulonephritis, the rate of CA was determined by the clinical variant of the disease. In order to reduce potential complications provoked by the treatment with cytotoxic drugs, dynamic studies of the CA rate should be carried out in addition to the conventional tests.
An analysis was made of some immunological indices in patients with podagra. It was established that women showed a more pronounced reduction of T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and their functional activity in tests with phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin as well as a deficit of B-lymphocytes, hyperproduction of C-immunoglobulin and antibodies to DNA in the blood serum. Males showed an increased level of B-lymphocytes. M-immunoglobulin and antirenal antibody titers. The concentration of circulating immune complexes in the blood rose equally independent of age.
Patients with different types of podagric nephropathy were examined for 21 indicators of the functional activity of T and B lymphocytes and neutrophils. The data obtained were compared to the degree of impairment of the basic renal structures. Among the study immunologic indicators to estimate the gravity of morphological alterations in the glomeruli, the decrease of the titers of antibodies to DNA is of definite specificity, whereas the fall of the concentration of circulating immune complexes is of definite specificity in the assessment of alteration in the stroma.
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The levels of aberration of chromosomes in peripheral blood leucocytes were investigated in patients with chronic and lupoid glomerulonephritis considering the clinical variants and morphological forms of the disease. In chronic glomerulonephritis high levels of chromosome aberration were found in patients with nephrotic type; in lupoid glomerulonephritis the frequency of chromosome aberration was higher in patients with active glomerulonephritis. Chronic renal failure did not essentially change the level of chromosome aberration both in chronic and lupoid glomerulonephritis. In different morphological forms of glomerulonephritis the frequency of chromosome aberration was determined by the clinical variant of the disease.
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The efficacy of isolated and combined treatment of renal lesions sallopurionol (milurit), potassium orotate, azathioprin (6-mercaptopurin) was studied in 207 inpatients with primary podagra. Citrate mixtures, urinary antiseptic and hypotensive agents were used when indicated. Follow-up results from 1 to 12 years are analyzed. Prolonged systematic complex treatment of podagric nephropathy is medically and economically effective.
Among 196 patients with primary gout examined in hospital or earlier stable or transient hyperuricemia was noted in 160 (81.6%). These patients were entered into the study group. The control group included 36 persons in whom the level of blood uric acid did not exceed normal values. The familial pattern of disease was established in the patients of the study group. Urolithic, proteinuric and hypertensive types of nephropathy as well as chronic renal insufficiency were more frequently observed in hyperuricemia patients. Alongside with severe tubular, interstitial and vascular changes, glomeruli in the form of mesangioproliferative or mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis were regularly involved in the pathological process. In the rest of the patients vascular lesions were less marked and less frequent, renal glomerular changes reminded the picture of mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis only; urolithiasis in them took a more favorable course. Thus, a high level of blood uric acid is one of the risk factors of renal affection in gout determining in many ways prognosis of disease.
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Similarity of the morphological picture of gouty nephropathy and primary glomerulonephritides in which purine antagonists turned out to be effective, a positive effect of azathioprine (Az) and 6-mercaptopurine (MP) on purine metabolism, and changes in immunity indices revealed in gout (hyperproduction of immunoglobulins and circulating immune complexes) necessitates the use of antimetabolites in combined therapy of gout patients with proteinuric and latent types of nephropathy. A prolonged use of Az and MP at a daily dose of 50-100 mg often leads to the recovery or improvement of lowered renal function, disappearance of the urinary syndrome, and suppression of hyperuricemia. Uricosuppressors without purine antagonists produce a weaker effect on the course of a renal process, and the treatment of such patients without the use of basic drugs has proved to be utterly ineffective. Strict control over Az and MP therapy makes side-effects of the drugs rare, and they can be easily done away with after reducing a drug dose.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.