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Biomedical subjects

Ilhami Yildirim

Publications and source records attributed to Ilhami Yildirim.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Malondialdehyde level and adenosine deaminase activity in nasal polyps.

OBJECTIVE: Although there are many reports on adenosine deaminase (ADA) activities in different tissues, no information is available about the enzyme activity in nasal mucosa and polyp tissues. Whereas ADA is related to the production of free radicals by neutrophils, malondialdehyde (MDA) is an indicator of lipid peroxidation that is a general mechanism of tissue damage by free radicals. This study is aimed at determining and comparing the ADA activity and MDA level in nasal polyps and normal mucosa. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Twenty-three patients with nasal polyps and a control group consisting of 14 patients with septal deviation and lower turbinate hypertrophy were included in the study. Tissue MDA level was measured by the method of Okawa with modification and tissue ADA activity by the method of Giusti. RESULTS: In patients with nasal polyp, mean tissue MDA level and ADA activity were 2.43 +/- 0.38 nmol/mg protein (Pr) and 0.235 +/- 0.055 U/mg Pr, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of control nasal mucosa (1.03 +/- 0.41 nmol/mg protein and 0.056 +/- 0.011 U/mg Pr, respectively) (P < 0.05). In addition, tissue MDA level was positively correlated to ADA activity in nasal polyps (r = 0.701, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed the presence of detectable ADA activity in nasal mucosa, and also significant increases in both tissue MDA level and ADA activity in NP tissue when compared to normal turbinate tissue. EBM RATING: B-2b.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed2006

The effect of stimulus duration on perception of Turkish vowels in normal-hearing and hearing-impaired children.

The objective of the study was to examine the effects of stimulus duration on vowel perception in normal-hearing and hearing-impaired children. For this purpose, 80 semisynthetic vowel stimuli consisting of eight different Turkish vowels with ten different durations were presented to 14 normal-hearing and 15 hearing impaired children, and they were asked to identify the vowel they heard. Thirteen normal-hearing adults served as speaker subjects to get normative data on mean durations of the Turkish vowels. While there was no significant effect of duration on perception in normal-hearing children, perception errors for very short and very long vowels were observed in hearing-impaired children. The most frequent responses as a function of duration showed four different patterns: (1) three vowels were perceived correctly in all durations; (2) two were perceived correctly in middle and longer durations; (3) two were perceived correctly in middle duration; and (4) only one was perceived correctly in short duration. It was concluded that the effects of stimulus duration on vowel perception were determined by natural duration of the vowel in a given language, and unnaturally short and long vowels were misperceived by hearing impaired subjects.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed2005

[Pilomatrixoma of the head and neck in six cases].

Pilomatrixomas are benign neoplasms of the hair follicle, presenting as a mass in the head and neck region. Those arising from the parotid region may pose a diagnostic challenge. We present six patients (age range 6 to 68 years) with pilomatrixoma in the head and neck region. The lesions were located in the preauricular region in two cases, and in the periorbital region, the forehead, the neck, and in the dorsum of the nose in the other patients, respectively. The main complaint was a hard, slow-growing mass in all the cases. All the patients were treated surgically. Histopathologic diagnosis was pilomatrixoma. No recurrences or surgery-associated complications were observed in the follow-up period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

The prevalence of vocal fold nodules in school age children.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the actual prevalence of vocal nodules among school age children. METHODS: A total of 617 children aged from 7 to 16 years were examined. Their voices were recorded and analyzed by using acoustic analysis techniques, and vocal folds were examined by using rigid telescopic laryngoscope. The findings were noted as normal, minimal lesion, immature and mature nodules. RESULTS: Laryngoscopic examination revealed that 430 (69.7%) of the children were normal. Of the remaining 187 children, 82 (13.3%) had minimal lesion, 88 (14.3%) immature nodule, 16 (2.6%) mature nodule and 1 (0.2%) vocal polyp. Comparisons of acoustic parameters revealed that there were no statistically significant differences between normal and minimal lesion groups, and between immature and mature nodule groups. Actual vocal nodule ratios which include both immature and mature nodule groups among whole school children were found to be 21.6% in males and 11.7% in females.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Prevalence of otitis media with effusion among primary school children in Kahramanmaras, in Turkey.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of otitis media with effusion (EOM) in primary school children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between March 2002 and April 2002, children attending primary schools in Kahramanmaras were screened. The schools were divided into two groups as urban and suburban. Also, a primary boarding school in the city was included in the study as a third group. A total of 2930 children between the ages of 6 and 16 years were included in the study. After otoscopic examination, tympanogram and acoustic reflex tests were carried out. Audiogram was performed if the child had a type B or a type C tympanogram. RESULTS: EOM was identified in 189 children, in 80 of whom EOM was unilateral and in 109 of whom was it bilateral. The overall prevalence of EOM was 6.5%, with a maximum prevalence of 10.4% at ages between 6 and 8 years. By increasing age, the prevalence of EOM decreased. Also, we found a higher prevalence rate of EOM in children attending primary boarding school (7.6%) than those attending other schools. CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that living in crowded places like boarding school may have a role in the occurrence of OME. Also, our findings support the opinion that the age is one of the most important risk factors for OME. Our prevalence rates were different when compared with some other studies from Turkey and other countries. These different prevalence rates may be related to climatic and environmental factors as well as the methods used.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

The sizes of internal jugular veins in Turkish children aged between 7 and 12 years.

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed at searching for internal jugular vein (IJV) diameters in Turkish children in order to learn about anatomic details of IJV diameters and to supplement the diagnostic criteria in vascular pathologies such as phlebectasia. METHODS: A total of 92 children within the age range of 7-12 years were included in this study. In order to provide a consistent anatomical landmark in all subjects, all of the children were imaged by ultrasonography (USG) at the level of the cricoid cartilage. The measurements consisted the maximal antero-posterior (AP) and transverse (T) cross-sectional internal diameters of the internal jugular veins during both regular breathing and Valsalva maneuver. For the statistical purposes, the following analyses were performed: the relationship between the IJV diameters obtained at rest and those obtained during Valsalva maneuver, with the paired t-test; the relationship between the age groups and the IJV diameters, with the unpaired test. The significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: During regular breathing, the mean transvers diameters of the right and left IJVs were 11.26 and 10.01 mm, respectively, while they were 16.28 and 13.61 mm during straining phase of the Valsalva maneuver. The mean antero-posterior diameters of the right and left IJVs before and during Valsalva maneuver were 7.64 and 6.8 mm versus 11.53 and 9.84 mm. The IJV diameters were larger on the right side than those on the left and also there were significant increases in the diameters by Valsalva maneuver. CONCLUSION: As a result, in this study performed among Turkish children aged between 7-12 years, it was shown that there was no correlation between the IJV diameters and the age groups (P > 0.05), while there was a significant increase in the IJV diameters on Valsalva maneuver (P < 0.05). We think that the results we obtained in this study may be useful and important for comparison in the patients with phlebectasia and also for the required knowledge of the anatomic details in medical interventions performed through IJV. However, since children aged between 0 and 6 years were not included in this study and the lack of relation found in our study may not be the same among 0-6 years, a further study is needed to show any interrelationship between former age group and size.

Child↗
PubMed2004

The effects of vowels on voice perturbation measures.

This study examines voice perturbation parameters of the sustained [a] in English and of the eight vowels in Turkish to discover whether any difference exists between these languages, and whether a correlation exists between voice perturbation parameters and articulatory and acoustic properties of the Turkish vowels. Eight Turkish vowels uttered by 26 healthy nonsmoker volunteer males who are native Turkish speakers were compared with a voice database that includes samples of normal and disordered voices belonging to American English speakers. Fundamental frequencies, the first and second formants, and perturbation parameters, such as jitter percent, pitch perturbation quotient, shimmer percent, and amplitude perturbation quotient of the sustained vowels, were measured. Also, the first and second formants of the sustained [a] in English were measured, and other parameters have been obtained from the database. When the voice perturbation parameters in Turkish and English were compared, statistically significant differences were not found. However, when Turkish vowels compared with each other, statistically significant differences were found among perturbation values. Categorical comparisons of the Turkish vowels like high-low, rounded-unrounded, and front-back revealed significant differences in perturbation values. In correlation analysis, a weak linear inverse relation between jitter percent and the first formant (r=-0.260, p<0.05) was found.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Clinical changes in the oral cavity resulting from smokeless tobacco (Maraş powder)].

OBJECTIVES: Maraş powder (MP) is a kind of smokeless tobacco prepared by a mixture of ash and the powder obtained from the leaves of a tobacco plant called "deli tütün" in the region. In this study, we investigated the physical changes occurring in the oral cavity of MP users. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 92 subjects (5 females, 87 males; mean age 46.6+/-14.3 years; range 21 to 88) who had been using MP were included in the study. Subjects with a history of MP usage of less than one year duration and those who smoked cigarettes were excluded from the study. RESULTS: Of the patients, 86 applied the MP between the lower labial mucosa and gingiva. All the patients had dental discoloration in varying degrees. There were total dental prosthesis in 12 subjects, partial dental prosthesis in two, absence of incisors in four, and dental decay of varying degrees in 30 cases. Forty-six cases had mild, 15 cases had marked, and 12 cases had severe gingival recession. In 22 cases, there were lesions in the labial mucosa where MP was applied, in the form of white plaques (MP leukokeratosis). There were erythroplastic (n=2), leukoplastic (n=2), and aphthous (n=2) lesions, desquamation that could easily be removed by rubbing (n=8), and enduration (n=11). CONCLUSION: In the oral cavity of MP users, especially in the application sites, significant changes that potentially and eventually led to a decrease in the quality and comfort of life were observed. Some of these findings seemed to be precancerous. Further comparative studies with control groups may clarify the possible role of the MP on the occurrence of these changes.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

The prevalence of nasal septal deviation in children from Kahramanmaras, Turkey.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of nasal septal deformities among Turkish school children, in the city of Kahramanmaras in Turkey. METHODS: Study included 1234 Caucasian children attending pre-school, primary and secondary schools. All of the children underwent nasal examinations. Pathological septal deformities were grouped into seven types by using Mladina's classification. The differences among the types of nasal septal deformity (NSD) and between sexes were tested by chi(2)-test for independent samples. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of NSD has been found to be 34.9%. For the age groups, the prevalence of NSD was 16.5% in pre-school children, 38.7% in primary school children and 39.9% in secondary school children. Type 1 NSD was the most commonly seen deformity among all age groups. Anterior deformities (types 1 and 2) were the most commonly encountered types in pre-school children, but the occurrences of the posterior deformities (types 3-5) was relatively increased as the age increased. Neither the distribution of NSD types nor the overall prevalence showed any statistically significant difference between both sexes. CONCLUSION: We found that the prevalence of NSD and the occurrence of the posterior deformities was relatively increased as the age increased. Our study may reflect the prevalence of septal deviation in Turkish children in Kahramanmaras, an eastern Mediterranean city of Turkey. However, further studies throughout the country are needed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Bacteraemia during tonsillectomy.

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of bacteraemia during tonsillectomy and investigate the effect of the timing of culture sampling on the incidence of bacteraemia associated with it. Sixty-four consecutive patients who had been admitted for elective tonsillectomy were included in the study. Patients were randomly classified into two groups. Blood cultures as well as tonsillar surface and deep tissue cultures were obtained from all patients before tonsillectomy and 60 minutes after tonsillectomy. In addition, blood cultures were taken within two minutes following tonsillectomy for group 1 and 15 minutes after tonsillectomy for group 2. In group 1, the cultures obtained within two minutes were positive in nine patients, while only two of the blood cultures taken post-operatively were positive in group 2. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The results of this study suggest that a transient bacteraemia occurs frequently in association with tonsillectomy, but the timing of culture sampling for its detection is important.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Palatal pleomorphic adenoma of an unusual size].

A sixty-year-old male patient presented with complaints of an intraoral mass, dysphonia, dysphagia, and snoring. Physical examination revealed a mass of 4 x 4 cm extending from the hard palate to the oropharynx. Fine needle aspiration biopsy showed a benign epithelial lesion. The mass was removed through a transoral approach. Histopathologic diagnosis was pleomorphic adenoma. No recurrences or surgery-associated complications were observed during a follow-up period of a year.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗
PubMed2002

Bacteremia during adenoidectomy.

OBJECTIVE: Although adenoidectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in children, there is no satisfactory information about the risk of bacteremia during adenoidectomy and necessity of antibiotic use. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of bacteremia during adenoidectomy and identify the organisms leading to bacteremia. METHODS: Thirty two patients who had undergone adenoidectomy at ENT Clinic of Sutcu Imam University were included in the study. They had received no antimicrobial therapy for at least 20 days before surgery. Adenoidal surface and deep tissue cultures were taken and venous blood samples were obtained for cultures before and immediately after adenoidectomy in which adenoid was removed with a curette. RESULTS: While none of the blood cultures taken preoperatively was positive for any organisms, the cultures obtained postoperatively were positive in only two of 32 patients included in the study. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that there is an extremely low incidence of bacteremia during adenoidectomy. As a result, it may be concluded that the use of prophylactic antibiotics to prevent bacteremia or its complications is unnecessary unless the patient has a predisposing factor for cardiac infection like prosthetic valve replacement.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of Maras powder (smokeless tobacco) on oxidative stress in users.

Maras Powder (MP) is a special kind of smokeless tobacco widely used in the southeast region of Turkey especially in Kahramanmaras and Gaziantep and other southeastern cities. It is obtained from a tobacco species, Nicotiana rustica L and ash of oak or grapevine wood. Tobacco may increase oxidative stress, which is related to the products of the oxygen metabolism taking place in all cells. Cellular antioxidants, e.g. catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) protect the cell against oxidative damage. An imbalance between the ROS and antioxidants in favour of ROS is described as oxidative stress. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of MP on antioxidant enzyme levels and lipid peroxidation. We measured malondialdehyde (MDA), CAT, SOD and G6PD levels in blood of 68 MP users and 30 healthy controls who did not use MP. CAT, SOD and G6PD levels were lower in MP users than in the controls. On the other hand, lipid peroxidation levels (MDA), one of the best indicators of cytological damage, was increased in MP users compared with the controls. The present study showed that MP increases oxidative stress, which may cause many systemic disorders, including arteriosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Outcome of surgery for crooked nose: an objective method of evaluation.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to report the authors' surgical results, and to present their method of angle measurement using the Scion Image computer program to evaluate surgical results for crooked noses. METHODS: The study included 27 patients with crooked noses: classified as C-type and 14 classified as I-type. Deviation angles were measured by using the Scion Image computer program on frontal views before and at least 3 months after the operation. Correction of the crooked nose was performed through an open approach with the patients under general anesthesia. RESULTS: Significant correction was achieved for both types of crooked noses (p <0.05). The results for the I-type crooked noses were closer to the ideal angles than those for the C-type, but the difference was not significant. The findings showed that 66.7% of the patients with crooked noses, had good or excellent results after surgery: 53.8% of those with the C-Type and 78.6% of those with the I-type. CONCLUSION: It is difficult to achieve satisfactory results in the correction of crooked noses. The angle measurement method using the Scion Image computer program may be helpful in evaluating the effectiveness of different surgical techniques.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Autoimmunity in the etiology of otitis media with effusion.

Otitis media with effusion (OME) is one of the most common health problems seen in children. The role of autoimmunity in the etiology of OME has been discussed for a long time. The purpose of this investigation is to determine the role of circulating antibodies in the pathogenesis of OME. The presence of antibodies against rabbit tympanic bulla epithelium was investigated by indirect immunoflouresence in the serum samples of 25 patients with OME and serum samples of 25 healthy children as a control group. In the control group, positive staining was seen in only 1 case (4%), whereas 8 cases with OME were positively stained (%32). There was statistically significant difference between the 2 groups. The presence of antibodies against middle ear epithelium in the cases with OME suggest that autoimmunity might play a role in the formation of effusion in the tympanic cavity.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bacteremia during open septorhinoplasty.

BACKGROUND: In this study, we aimed at determining the incidence of bacteremia during septoplasty and open septorhinoplasty. METHODS: The study included 60 patients (30 septoplasties and 30 open septorhinoplasties). Preoperative nasal cultures from the nasal cavity and vestibule were taken by using swabs, and blood cultures were obtained from peripheral veins preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively. Blood cultures were evaluated by using the BACTEC method. RESULTS: Neither the blood cultures taken preoperatively nor those obtained postoperatively was positive for any organisms. On the other hand, although the bacterial growth was observed in only one of the blood cultures (3.3%) taken intraoperatively during septoplasty, it was observed in four blood cultures (13.3%) obtained intraoperatively during open septorhinoplasty. CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that a transient bacteremia occurs during open septorhinoplasty. Although this bacteremia is transient and it has not led to any clinical manifestations in our patients, the possibility of bacteremia during this surgery should be kept in mind and necessary precautions should be taken preoperatively in patients with a high risk of cardiovascular infection.

Bacteremia↗