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Biomedical subjects

I Zimmermann

Publications and source records attributed to I Zimmermann.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Localisation of the changes of the sensitivity of the airways by proteolytic enzymes (pronase) against acetylcholine.

Proteolytic enzymes increase the sensitivity of the bronchial system against acetylcholine when inhaled as aerosols. These experiments were performed on 33 dogs in order to localize the area of sensitivity in the bronchial system responsible fe aerosol only to the upper part of the airtract sensitises the lower part of the airways against acetylcholine. Pronase aerosol given to the lower part of the airways needs higher dosages for sensitization to acetylcholine. This effect assumes an interaction between the upper sensoric part in the reflex way of airway obstruction and the lower airways. Changes caused by proteolytic enzymes in the upper part of the airtract can cause increased reactivity of the lower airways.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1979

[The condition of the periodontium in patients with clefts].

41 patients with total clefts, having an average age of 14.6 years, were examined. In these patients, the bone index was determined by means of the radiographic method of Schei et al. (as modified by Engelberger, Rateitschat and Marthaler). Furthermore, the teeth were tested for mobility, and the gingival retraction and the pocket depth were measured. The degree of gingival inflammation was scored using the PMA index according to Mühlemann and Mazor. The findings from the cleft quadrants were compared to those from the non-cleft quadrants of the upper jaw and to those from the mandibular quadrants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Cefoxitin and cefuroxim concentrations after intravenous administration in sputum of patients with chronic bronchitis (author's transl)].

On 24 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis the Cefuroxim and Cefoxitin concentrations in the sputum were investigated during 11 days after intravenous injections. The concentrations of Cefuroxim were above the minimal concentrations necessary to block growing of bacteria. Cefoxitin showed lower concentrations. Different pharmacokinetics for both of the test substances may be responsible for the different results.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Influence of low concentrations of allergens on bronchial system.

The influence of Ascaris extract, applied during 1 h in low concentration as aerosol and intravenously, on the bronchial system and the potentiation of increase of airway resistance to acetylcholine (ACH) and histamine challenge caused by this kind of allergen exposure were studied in 13 dogs. All the animals presented no reaction by the allergen exposure itself but developed an increased response to ACH and histamine after this kind of allergen exposure. A control group of 4 dogs was submitted to saline solution aerosol and intravenous application. No change in response to the substances mentioned was observed. The airway response to cold air after concentrated and diluted Ascaris suum extract (AE) aerosol application was tested on 7 dogs. The response to cold air was only influenced after concentrated AE-aerosol exposure.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1978

[Ganglion in the ulnar nerve groove (author's transl)].

Two cases of a rare localisation of ganglion is reported in this paper. A ganglion in the ulnar nerve presented by complete loss in ulnar nerve function. Attention is drawn to the importance of early diagnosis, and to the fact, that in cases of ulnar nerve lesions of unknown origin tumors in the ulnar groove must be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Blood level courses after i.v., i.m. and p.o. administration of theophylline ethylendiamine and pH-neutral solution of theophylline (author's transl)].

Serum theophylline concentration was measured in nine patients with chronic-obstructive lung disease following oral, i.m. and i.v. application. Two different preparations were tested: A pH-neutral solution of theophylline (Solosin) and theophylline-ethylenediamine. 208 mg of the pH-neutral solution of theophylline showed very similar serum concentrations as did 240 mg i.v. or p.o., but definitely higher than in the case of 360 mg i.m. theophylline ethylenediamine. After 10 min following the oral or the intramuscular application, serum concentrations were high enough for strong bronchodilating action. The oral dosages only reached the lower limit of optimal concentration for the best bronchodilation. There is a decrease of the blood concentrations by 50% after about 5 h. The bronchodilating effect subsided 2-4 h after i.v. injection.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

The effect of sympathicomimetics and anticholinergics on antigen-induced airway obstruction.

The prophylactic and therapeutic effects of a sympathicomimetic drug 1-(3,5-dihydroxy-phenyl)-2-([1-(4-hydroxy-benzyl)-ethyl]-amino)-ethanol-hydrobromide (fenoterol HBr, Berotec) and an anticholinergic drug (8r)-8-isorpopyl-3 alpha-[(+/-)-tropoyl-oxy]-1 alpha H,5 alpha H-tropanium-bromide (ipratropium bromide, Atrovent) were tested on a series of 13 boxer dogs, exposed to allergen challenge. The therapeutic and prophylactic influence showed to be similar for both substances. The effect on bronchoconstriction was not followed by a similar influence on arterial blood gas values. The administration of the two drugs during prolonged airway obstruction induced by a continuous exposure to allergen showed no influence on this kind of airway obstruction. Various mechanisms must be assumed in this prolonged airway obstruction when compared to acute obstruction after short exposure to allergen.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1977

Fatigue of airway obstruction during long-term exposure to allergen aerosol.

The response to prolonged antigen exposure and the potentiation of airway resistance increase to ACH challenge, after this exposure, were studied on sixteen boxer dogs. One group of animals presented fatigue to A.E. after 3 hours of exposure. This group developed an increased response to ACH aerosol after fatigue to antigen was present. In a second group of dogs, absence of fatigue during prolonged exposure to allergen was observed. A growing tendency of Edyn (as an index of airway resistance) was observed after 5 hours of exposure. The therapeutical influence of bilateral vagus blockade was tested in these last animals. Blockade of nervus vagus released airway obstruction during prolonged allergen exposure and no bronchoconstriction was observed after ACH challenge during blockade.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1977

[Tetracycline levels in the sputum in chronic obstructive bronchitis (author's transl)].

After 3 control days, the tetracycline concentration in the sputum of 34 patients was measured daily on 7 days during treatment with the antibiotic. 14 patients took tetracycline (Hostacyclin) in normal doses (2X500 mg or 2X1000 mg) by mouth. 20 patients received rolitetracycline (Reverin) 2X275 mg i.v. daily. With considerable individual fluctuations, sputum concentrations were attained in all series ranging from 1.5 to 2.0 microgram/ml after intravenous administration and from 1.1 to 1.6 microgram/ml after oral dosage. The higher dosage administered orally had no greater influence on the sputum concentration. In each case, sputum levels were attained which lie above the necessary minimum concentrations (0.5 microgram/ml).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Effect of unilateral vagus blockade on allergen-induced airway obstruction: results of short- and long-term experiments.

Unilateral application of ascaris extract on segment bronchus as the influence of contralateral vagus blockade on reflex bronchoconstriction was studied on four boxer dogs in a first group (A) of experiments: ascaris extract was applied in liquid form directly through a catheter into the right segment bronchus. This application was repeated after contralateral vagus blockade and once more after its lavage. All the animals showed an increase of airway resistance under local application of ascaris extract which could not be avoided by contralateral central vagus blockade. In the second group (B) isolation of unilateral vagus for reproducible performance of blockade as a long-term model was investigated in three boxer dogs for 7 weeks and the influence of this method of unilateral vagus blockade on exposure to allergen aerosol was studied. The unilateral blockade of the nerve vagus was again always successful in decreasing the reflex bronchoconstriction following allergen inhalation. The effect of unilateral section of nervus vagus 3 weeks after this vagotomy was tested on two boxer dogs. Reflex bronchoconstriction following ascaris extract inhalation can be avoided by unilateral section of the nervus vagus the first time after section. Three weeks after this unilateral vagotomy, the reflex bronchoconstriction becomes managed by the remaining vagus trunk to the same degree as observed by bilateral intact vagi.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1977

Relationship between pulmonary embolism, airway obstruction and hypersensitivity of the airways in dogs: influence of partial vagus nerve blockade.

Experiments in dogs showed an increase in deltaPoes/100 ml TV after embolization which returns to normal after blocking the vagus nerves, indicating an increase in airway resistance. A marked sensitization to ACh inhalation by embolism with both blood clots and glass beads was demonstrated. This hypersensitivity is vagus-dependent.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1977

[Bronchomotoric in antigen induced airway obstruction (author's transl)].

Ascaris suum extract inhalation causes bronchoconstriction in dogs. Following this reaction, the bronchi stay oversensitive against acetylcholine for at least 7 h. Electrical stimulation of the peripheral end of a nervus vagus after cutting supports the meaning that the bronchoconstriction will be caused mainly by challenge of sensory receptors. The reflex way runs through the nervus vagus. Sensitization of the bronchial tree means sensitization of the sensory receptors. Results of the arterial blood gases correspond to earlier results which showed two parts of the bronchial tree: the vagus-controlled part is mainly respnsible for the airway resistance, the vagus-noncontrolled part is mainly responsible for the regulation of the ventilation/perfusion relationships.

Acetylcholine↗