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Biomedical subjects

I Yoshida

Publications and source records attributed to I Yoshida.

315 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Nosocomial septicemias due to methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a university hospital over a 12-year period--the same intractable infections.

Clinical features of nosocomial bacteremias due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (M group, n = 71) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P group, n = 25) in a university hospital during 1982-1993 were retrospectively analyzed. The majority of these patients had an underlying disease, and bacteremia occurred in hospital. There were no differences in the male to female ratio and the mean age of the patients between the two groups. The ratio of medical wards to surgical wards was higher in the P group (18/7 = 2.6) than for the M group (38/33 = 1.2). P. aeruginosa was more frequently isolated from patients with hematological malignancies and MRSA with solid tumors. The percentage of MRSA among gram-positive bacteremia and of P. aeruginosa among gram-negative bacteria has shown a tendency to increase in recent years, and antibiotic sensitivity of these two organisms showed, on a whole, a tendency to decrease. Attention should be called to the increase of these two pathogens.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Marked atherosclerosis in a patient with familiar lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency associated with end-stage renal disease and diabetes mellitus.

Familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency is a rare genetic disorder of the lipid metabolism caused by the absence of LCAT activity in plasma. It is not generally accompanied by atherosclerosis in spite of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels nor by diabetes mellitus. However, reports of long-term follow-up or autopsy findings are rare, and the true incidence of atherosclerosis in LCAT deficiency is not clear. We report on the long-term observation of a patient with familial LCAT deficiency who developed renal failure, diabetes mellitus, and marked atherosclerosis. The patient died of sepsis from foot ulcers 7 years after starting hemodialysis and 13 years after the diagnosis. Marked atherosclerosis characterized by medial calcification in small arteries was observed at autopsy. The genesis of the atherosclerosis seemed to be on the basis of a combination of factors.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibodies against non-structural c100/3 and structural core antigen of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in hemodialysis patients.

Two groups of patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) maintenance were evaluated for their antibody response to non-structural c100/3 protein and structural core protein of hepatitis C virus (HCV). Forty-six patients (Group 1) never presented liver abnormalities during HD treatment, while 52 patients (Group 2) had either current or prior liver enzyme elevations. Prevalence rates of 32.6% and 41.3% were found for anti-c100/3 and anti-HCV core antibodies, respectively, in patients with silent infections (Group 1). The rate of anti-c100/3 in patients of Group 2 was 71.15% and reached 86.5% for anti-HCV core antibodies. The recognition of anti-c100/3 and anti-core antibodies was significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 1. A line immunoassay composed of structural and non-structural peptides was used as a confirmation assay. HBV infection, measured by the presence of anti-HBc antibodies, was observed in 39.8% of the patients. Six were HBsAg chronic carriers and 13 had naturally acquired anti-HBs antibodies. The duration of HD treatment was correlated with anti-HCV positivity. A high prevalence of 96.7% (Group 2) was found in patients who underwent more than 5 years of treatment. Our results suggest that anti-HCV core ELISA is more accurate for detecting HCV infection than anti-c100/3. Although the risk associated with the duration of HD treatment and blood transfusion was high, additional factors such as a significant non-transfusional spread of HCV seems to play a role as well. The identification of infective patients by more sensitive methods for HCV genome detection should help to control the transmission of HCV in the unit under study.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Partial protection against Marek's disease in chickens immunized with glycoproteins gB purified from turkey-herpesvirus-infected cells by affinity chromatography coupled with monoclonal antibodies.

Glycoproteins gB of Marek's disease virus (MDV) and herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) related to virus neutralization were purified from HVT-infected cells by affinity chromatography. Immunization of chickens with purified glycoproteins gB resulted in partial protection against MD. Neutralizing antibodies were detected in chickens immunized with HVT-gB.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sleep of depressed patients with hypersomnia: a 24-h polygraphic study.

Sleep of 6 depressed patients with hypersomnia was studied during their depressed phase and their remitted phase using 24-h polygraphic recording. Nine normal subjects were studied as the controls. The latency to sleep onset of the depressed patients was significantly shorter than that of the remitted patients and that of the control subjects. The total sleep time of the depressed patients was significantly longer than that of the remitted patients as well as that of the controls. This increase in sleep time of the depressed patients was mainly due to the increased sleep in day time. The intervals between sleep onset and start of each sleep stage, the relative percentage of individual sleep stages, REM latency and REM density of the depressed patients were not significantly different from those of the remitted patients.

Adult↗