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Biomedical subjects

I Yoshida

Publications and source records attributed to I Yoshida.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

An immunoserological study of patients with vibration syndrome.

In a study undertaken to investigate the relationship between vibration syndrome and collagen disease, 90 Japanese patients with vibration syndrome (all men aged 41-86 years) were examined immunologic abnormalities, mainly by a set of immunoserology tests. Of these 90 patients, 25 had examinations at yearly intervals for 3 consecutive years, while the other 65 underwent examinations once. The results indicate that, of all the patients studied, 10 (11.1%) gave a positive RA test, 6 (6.7%) had leukopenia, 5 (5.6%) had hypergammaglobulinemia, and 15 (16.7%) had hypocomplementemia (CH50). Worthy of particular note are the 21 patients (23.3%) who were positive for nuclear-specific antibodies (1: greater than or equal to 40) (using Hep-2 cells as the nuclear substrate), with some of them suspected of having Sjögren's syndrome, progressive systemic sclerosis, or systemic lupus erythematosus. During a 3-year follow-up period, 10 (40%) of 25 patients exhibited rising titers of nuclear-specific antibodies with conversion to seropositivity for these antibodies. The facts that the positivity rate for nuclear-specific antibodies was significantly higher in these patients with vibration syndrome (23.3%) than in healthy adult men over 40 years of age (1.8%) (P less than 0.05) and that a progressive elevation of nuclear-specific antibody titer was noted in a high percentage of the patients were suggestive of some causal relationship between the appearance of nuclear-specific antibodies and the use of vibrating tools.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Successful arterial embolization of arteriovenous fistula in the portal circulation.

We successfully performed arterial embolization of an arteriovenous fistula between the left gastric artery and vein. The increased blood flow in the portal vein via the left gastric vein and the arteriovenous fistula induced severe portal hypertension. After obliteration of the left gastric artery, the arteriovenous fistula was not opacified on angiography and the portal hypertension improved.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1992

Biphasic effects of smoking on human serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity.

To investigate the chronic effects of smoking on sympathetic nerve activity, serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity was determined in 119 male non-smokers and 183 age-matched male smokers. The smokers were classified into 3 groups: 51 light smokers (1-19 cigarettes/day), 76 moderate smokers (20 cigarettes/day), and 56 heavy smokers (more than 20 cigarettes/day). The light smokers had the highest mean DBH activity, and the heavy smokers had the lowest mean DBH activity in the 4 groups. These results suggest that light smoking stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, but that heavy smoking depresses the system. These biphasic changes in DBH activity are similar to the pharmacological effects of nicotine on the peripheral sympathetic nervous system.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Mechanisms of augmented resistance of cyclosporin A-treated mice to influenza virus infection by trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate.

Cyclosporin A (CsA), which is an immunosuppressive drug of helper T lymphocytes, diminished a resistance of mice to influenza virus infection. Mice inoculated intravenously with trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate (TDM, a glycolipid component of the cell wall of Mycobacterium) in an oil-in-water emulsion (TDM emulsion) recovered the resistance to influenza virus infection impaired by CsA. Number of antibody-producing cells was markedly reduced in CsA- and/or TDM-treated mice. Interferon production in lung of TDM-treated mice was augmented; however, it was extremely reduced not only in CsA-treated mice, but also in CsA- and TDM-treated mice. Activities of natural killer cells of CsA- and/or TDM-treated mice were not different from that of control mice. Numbers of lymphocytes in lung of TDM-treated mice and CsA- and TDM-treated mice were more predominantly increased than that of control mice. Analysis of lung lymphocytes by flow cytometry revealed no difference between the populations of L3T4+ T lymphocytes and Lyt-2.2+ T lymphocytes in CsA- and/or TDM-treated mice and the populations in control mice. However, the population of gamma delta T cell receptor positive (gamma delta TCR+) lymphocytes increased markedly in lung of TDM-treated mice and also CsA- and TDM-treated mice. In vitro experiments showed that macrophage cultures treated with TDM emulsion released a mediator(s) which activates T lymphocytes, but not B lymphocytes. These and our earlier results suggest that the recovered anti-influenza virus resistance of CsA-treated mice by treatment with TDM emulsion was caused by elicitation of macrophages with TDM, then activation of T lymphocytes, especially gamma delta TCR+ lymphocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Wilson's disease treatment by triethylene tetramine dihydrochloride (trientine, 2HCl): long-term observations.

Wilson's disease is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by an accumulation of a toxic amount of copper in the body. Triethylene tetramine dihydrochloride (trientine, 2HCl) is a new chelating agent that may be effective in the removal of excess copper but long-term efficacy has not yet been investigated. Here we report the use of trientine over more than 8 years in 2 patients with Wilson's disease who could not tolerate D-penicillamine. We found no significant side effect, except a decreased serum iron concentration without clinical symptoms of anemia. In annual examinations at a steady state, the serum copper levels remained below 20 micrograms/100 ml. The 24-hour urinary copper excretion was less than that found using D-penicillamine, while the basal copper excretion, after 5 days abstinence from trientine, was maintained below 100 micrograms/day. Both hepatic and neurological manifestations except bulbar symptoms were recovered without any initial deterioration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Effects of acyclovir, oxetanocin-G, and carbocyclic oxetanocin-G in combinations on the replications of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in Vero cells.

9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine (acyclovir, ACV) and novel nucleosides, 9-(2-deoxy-2-hydroxymethyl-beta-D-erythro-oxetanocyl)guanine (oxetanocin-G, OXT-G) and (+)-9-[(1R, 2R, 3S)-2, 3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl]guanine (carbocyclic oxetanocin-G, carbocyclic OXT-G) possessed substantial antiviral activities against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2). ACV inhibited only viral thymidine kinase positive (TK+) herpes viruses, although the latter two compounds inhibited the replications of the TK deficient (TK-) mutants of HSV-1 and HSV-2 as well as the TK+ parent strains in vitro. The TK- mutants of HSV-1 and HSV-2 (HSV-1 TK- and HSV-2 TK-) were as susceptible to OXT-G as the TK parent strains. However, the TK- mutants were less susceptible to carbocyclic OXT-G than the TK+ parent strains. We demonstrated synergistic inhibition of the replications of HSV-1 and HSV-2 by ACV and OXT-G in combination, additive inhibition of HSV-1 and HSV-2 by ACV and carbocyclic OXT-G in combination, synergistic inhibition of HSV-1 by OXT-G and carbocyclic OXT-G in combination, and additive inhibition of HSV-2 by these two compounds. We investigated the metabolism of ACV and OXT-G in HSV-1 TK(+)-, HSV-1 TK(-)- and mock-infected Vero cells by thin layer chromatography. ACV-triphosphate increased more in HSV-1 TK(+)-infected Vero cells than in HSV-1 TK(-)- and mock-infected Vero cells. The metabolism of OXT-G had almost the same pattern in HSV-1 TK(+)-, HSV-1 TK(-)- and mock-infected Vero cells. These results suggest that ACV is phosphorylated by virus-induced TK, and OXT-G is phosphorylated by cellular nucleoside and nucleotide kinases.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1992

[Function, molecular structure and gene expression of interferons].

Interferon is a key substance of the cytokine network, and is functioning not only as the virus inhibitory factor, but also as the factor for differentiation, development, and homeostasis of animals, including man. The molecular structure, induction mechanisms, interaction with receptor, and antiviral action mechanisms of IFN were reviewed. 1. Molecular structure of IFN IFNs are now divided into 4 types--alpha, beta, gamma, omega--according to antigenicities of IFN proteins, and to base sequence of their genes. The omega type was established officially on 1990 by the Nomenclature Committee of International Society for Interferon Research (ISIR). Also, the genes for HuIFNs were named as follows; HuIFN-A for HuIFN-alpha, HuIFN-B for HuIFN-beta, HuIFN-G for HuIFN-gamma, and HuIFN-W for HuIFN-omega. Nevertheless, the names of Type I IFN and Type II IFN are still valuable, since members of Type I IFN, alpha, beta, and omega, are similar in their molecular structures, and they share the common receptor (Type I IFN receptor), on the other hand, HuIFN-gamma (the only one member of Type II IFN) has different characteristics from the other IFNs, and binds to its specific receptor (Type II IFN receptor). However, it has been reported that both N-terminal and C-terminal of IFN protein of all types, participate in the binding of IFN to its receptor. 2. Induction mechanism of IFN. The factors, IRF-1 and IRF-2, were found to play an important role in IFN induction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Identification of a cell membrane receptor for interferon induction by poly rI:rC.

PR-RK, a cell line derived from rabbit kidney cells (RK-13), was insensitive to the cytotoxic effect and interferon (IFN) inducing activity of the copolymer of riboinosinic and ribocytidylic acid (poly rI:rC). However, PR-RK was sensitive to the cytotoxic effect of the copolymer of riboadenylic and ribouridylic acid (poly rA:rU). Comparison of PR-RK cells and RK-13 cells by cytofluorometric analysis revealed that the binding of poly rI:rC was considerably reduced on PR-RK cells. These results suggested that the receptor for poly rI:rC might be different from the receptor for poly rA:rU, and this difference could provide a basis for the identification of the dsRNA receptor on cell surface. Western blot analysis of the components of cell membrane fraction prepared from RK-13 cells was performed by using a monoclonal antibody, which binds to cell membrane of RK-13 cells but not to PR-RK cells, and which blocks IFN induction by poly rI:rC in RK-13 cells. The 60K protein was identified as one of the poly rI:rC receptor protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the mediastinum associated with bilateral adrenal gland metastases--a case report].

A 55-year-old female underwent complete resection of left posterior mediastinal tumor and both adrenal gland tumors. Histological examination revealed malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) showing a storiform pattern. Her postoperative course was uneventful and well one year after the operation. We concluded the tumor arose from the mediastinum and metastasized to the bilateral adrenal glands. No other case was reported that primary MFH of the mediastinum with distant metastases was completely resected including metastatic lesions.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

[Mitral valve replacement in a patient with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia].

A 46-year-old female with mitral insufficiency complicated by hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler's disease) underwent successfully mitral valve replacement. The patient had a history of repeated large-volume nasal bleeding. Mitral valve replacement using a xenograft was safely performed with various attempts for preventing abnormal postoperative hemorrhage.

Bioprosthesis↗
PubMed1992

[Surgical treatments of emphysematous giant bullae accompanied with severe bronchial asthma].

Two operative cases of emphysematous giant bullae of the lung accompanied with bronchial asthma were reported. Case 1: A 41-year-old man suffering from dyspnea and fever-up was diagnosed as emphysematous giant bullae of the right lung accompanied with severe bronchial asthma. Preoperative examination revealed severe hypoxemia (PO2 46 mmHg) and mixed type ventilatory disorder; VC 1.68 t (41%), FEV1.0 0.59 l (35%). On the first anesthesia, operation was postponed by the severe asthmatic attack and circulatory collapse. After the complete prevention of the attack by giving corticosteroid (25 mg/day) for two weeks, resection of giant bullae could be performed safely. Case 2: A 31-year-old man complaining wheeze was diagnosed as emphysematous giant bullae of bilateral upper lobes of lung accompanied with bronchial asthma. Preoperative and intraoperative states were uneventful, though, on the day after the operation, asthmatic attack occurred due to the difficulty in expectation of sputa. It took 12 hours and many kinds of drugs to improve the respiratory state. In the patients of bronchial asthma, preoperative sufficient suppression of hyperreactivity of airway tracts and postoperative careful treatment to avoid asthmatic attack seem to be indispensable.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Effects of dobutamine and isoproterenol on systemic hemodynamics and myocardial metabolism in children after open heart surgery].

The purpose of this study is to know the effects of Dobutamine (DOB) and Isoproterenol (ISP) on the systemic hemodynamics and myocardial metabolism in the acute phase after open heart surgery in children. Twelve patients with congenital heart disease were administered 5 and 10 micrograms/kg/min (gamma) of DOB, then 0.005 and 0.01 gamma of ISP, and the systemic hemodynamic and metabolic data were taken before and after the administration of the drugs. DOB: DOB increased HR and SVI, so CI rose up markedly. The systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure also rose up after both doses. CVP and PCWP were depressed at both dosage levels. SVRI and PVRI did not show an appreciable change. ISP: ISP increased HR, CI and systolic blood pressures significantly. On the other hand, SVRI, PVRI and PCWP were decreased at both dosage levels. Myocardial metabolism: The two drugs tested did not exhibit any effect on the progress of anaerobic myocardial metabolism. The myocardial oxygen uptake rate was decreased with DOB and ISP. These phenomena probably suggest that DOB and ISP dilate the coronary vascular bed. From the above data, the following effects can be expected by the use of each drug after open heart surgery in children; 1) powerful inotropic and chronotropic action by DOB, and 2) chronotropic action and after-load reduction by ISP.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1992

[Experience in the treatment of acute fulminating myasthenia gravis].

During past 15 years, 188 myasthenia gravis (MG) patients underwent thymomectomy or thymectomy with extended resection of the adipose tissue around the thymus in our institution. Four of 188 patients (2%) had to be given respiratory support within 2 months after the onset of MG. We defined this MG as the acute fulminating type. There were 2 male and 2 female patients, ranging in age from 22 to 44 years (average, 32.5 years). Three of these patients had thymoma. One of these patients was post-thymomectomy myasthenia gravis and another patient was d-penicillamine induced myasthenia gravis. Two patients admitted on respirator for respiratory crisis. All patients underwent operation within 2 weeks after admission. The duration of respiratory support ranged from 10 to 120 days (mean 44) after operation. The period of the hospital stay ranged from 8 months to 2 years 1 month (mean 1 year 5 months). During acute stage after operation, the patients needed ACTH, steroid, immunosuppressants (azathioprine, Bredinin) and plasma pheresis depending on their severity of myasthenic symptoms. In 2 patients dose of steroid could be reduced without deterioration of the symptoms. They are doing well with small dose of steroid. In one patient plasma pheresis was performed 6 years after thymectomy. Various symptoms due to myasthenia gravis and rheumatoid arthritis has recurred 10 years after thymectomy. The titer of acetylcholine receptor antibody of this patient has been continuing in high level.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

[Bicuspid aortic valve with sudden onset of aortic insufficiency due to rare causes: report of two cases].

This report describes two cases of aortic valve replacement which was warranted by the suddenly developed aortic regurgitation due to a congenitally bicuspid aortic valve. Aortic insufficiency was caused by the rupture of the strand which lifted a larger cusp to the aortic wall in one, and by the perforation of valvular aneurysm in another. Reviewing the literature these types of aortic insufficiency are rarely reported.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

[Surgical treatment of myasthenia gravis associated with Graves's disease].

During past 30 years, we experienced 253 patients who underwent surgery for myasthenia gravis. Among these patients, 9 were associated with Graves' disease. No patients had thymoma. Five patients underwent thymectomy after they had become euthyroid by medical treatment, though four patients required subtotal thyroidectomy before thymectomy. One patient developed myasthenic crisis following thyroidectomy and was treated with respirator for 5 days. But thymectomy was performed without myasthenic crisis in these four patients between 25 days and 60 days after thyroidectomy. They have been doing well and no see-saw phenomenon was presented. Thymectomy is safe and effective even in the patients with Graves's disease, and we recommend to perform it after they become euthyroid by medical or surgical treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Changes of fluorescence lifetime and rotational correlation time of bovine serum albumin labeled with 1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulfonyl chloride in guanidine and thermal denaturations.

The nanosecond fluorescence depolarization method was applied to measure the fluorescence lifetime (tau) and the rotational correlation time (phi) of bovine serum albumin (BSA) labeled with 1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulfonyl chloride (dansyl-Cl). Changes of tau and phi of dansyl BSA in the guanidine denaturation and in the thermal denaturation were examined. In parallel, the secondary structural change of dansyl BSA was followed by circular dichroism measurements. The magnitude of tau was almost unchanged between 1 and 2M guanidine, where the secondary structure of the protein was predominantly disrupted; whereas that of phi began to increase before the disruption of secondary structure in the guanidine denaturation. In the thermal denaturation, in contrast, changes of both tau and phi occurred in a temperature range where the secondary structure was predominantly disrupted. The volume of equivalent sphere (Ve) and the axial ratio (rho) for the BSA were 3.6-3.8 x 10(-19) cm3 and 3.6 at 2 M guanidine as against 2.1 x 10(-19) cm3 and 2.2 in the absence of guanidine (25 degrees C), respectively. The magnitudes of Ve and rho were 4.9 x 10(-19) cm3 and 4.5 at 65 degrees C, respectively. Although the secondary structural change of dansyl BSA was irreversible in the thermal denaturation, Ve and rho were reversible.

Dansyl Compounds↗
PubMed1991

The natural history and timing of the radical operation for subpulmonic ventricular septal defects.

In order to further understand the natural history and timing of repair for subpulmonic (type I) ventricular septal defect (VSD), 70 patients who underwent radical surgery were reviewed. The patients with this type of VSD accounted for 30 per cent of a total 236 children with types I, II and III VSD who underwent repair between 1978 and 1989. The frequency of aortic regurgitation was 30 per cent, being higher in the group aged older than 10 years than in the younger group (p less than 0.05). The median ages of patients with normal, prolapsed and regurgitated valves were 5, 6.5, and 10 years, respectively, and each value exhibited significant differences (p less than 0.05). The left to right shunt ratio and systolic pulmonary artery pressure of the patients with normal valves were significantly higher than those of the patients with abnormal valves. The outcome of the patients with regurgitation varied according to Sellers grading with cases of grade two valvular deformities recovering well after the repair, while cases of grade three had deformities of grade one or two severity remaining. These results led us to establish the following strategy for patients with I-VSD: 1) a child should be regularly checked by USG; 2) a child noted as having a prolapsing valve is recommended to undergo repair by the age of 10 to 12 years; and 3) a child found to have regurgitation should undergo repair as soon as possible, unless the valve regurgitation does not become more severe than Sellers grade two.

Adolescent↗