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Biomedical subjects

I Watanabe

Publications and source records attributed to I Watanabe.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Morphologic development of neonatal rat pinealocytes in monolayer culture.

The morphological development of pinealocytes maintained in monolayer culture, without the neural and humoral effects present in the developing rat has been studied and compared with the development that occurs in vivo. Pinealocytes in 5 day cultures contained organelles that were similar to those present in the pineals of intact 5 day old rats. However, light and dark cells were not noted in culture, and the cultured cells did not have the dense granules noted in vivo. As pinealocytes developed in culture, cytoplasmic processes increased in length and number. By 21 days of culture age, synaptic ribbons were found to have decreased in number, the difference between light cell and dark cell cytoplasm had become more prominent, and dense-cored vesicles had become more numerous, just as in the developing gland in vivo. These results suggest that the complex neural and humoral factors impinging upon the developing neonatal pineal in the intact animal may not be necessary for some aspects of its ultrastructural differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Effects of norepinephrine and dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate on the ultrastructure of pineal cells in monolayer culture.

To determine how neural influences control the function of the pineal gland, morphological and biochemical relationships after pharmacological treatment have been studied in rat pineal cells in monolayer cultures. Norepinephrine (NE) and dibutyryl cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (dBcAMP) treatment of cells that had been in culture for 5 and 21 days produced a stimulation in the enzyme activity of serotonin N-acetyl transferase, an enzyme important in indole synthesis. NE and dBcAMP also produced morphological changes which were dependent on the time of cells in culture. When 5 day-cultures were treated with NE and dBcAMP, light and dark cells were noted and endoplasmic reticulum increased and became more organized. Only dBcAMP treatment at 5 days produced an increase in dense granules and an elongation of cytoplasmic processes. Treatment of 21 day-cultures with dBcAMP also produced an increase in cytoplasmic processes while treatment with NE produced an increase in the synaptic ribbons and clear vesicles within the processes.

Acetyltransferases↗
PubMed1981

Double tumors of anterior and posterior pituitary gland.

Double tumors were found in the anterior and posterior lobes of pituitary gland at autopsy in a patient who presented with progressive deterioration of mental status. The chromophobe adenoma of anterior lobe consisted of a mixture of non-immunoreactive hormone containing cells and a few prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) cells in the mid portion whereas the periphery of the tumor contained immunoreactive cells for PRL, GH, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). A microscopic focus of granular cell myoblastoma (GCM) was found in the posterior lobe. Differentiation of tumor cells into anterior pituitary cells and GCM is discussed.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗
PubMed1981

Breast cancer concurrent with hyperthyroidism: a case report.

A case of breast cancer concurrent with hyperthyroidism was reported and the relation between breast cancer and thyroid dysfunction was reviewed. It has been frequently suggested that the incidence of breast cancer is decreased in patients with hyperthyroidism and breast cancer coincidental with hyperthyroidism is rare.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The importance of local hemostatic procedures in dental extractions and oral mucosal bleeding of hemophiliac patients.

Deficient coagulation factor replacement therapy is often indispensable for dental extractions and oral mucosal bleeding in hemophiliac patients. High concentrates are often infused in large amounts of volume, until complete hemostasis is achieved. Considering the various side effects of replacement therapy the volume infused should be reduced to a minimum. Several aspects associated with replacement therapy for the control of oral bleeding are studied. Our conclusion is that local hemostatic procedures are even more important than replacement therapy. The use of surgical packs and band retainers proved to be of benefit in this study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Central nervous system toxicity of intraventricularly administered gentamicin in adult rabbits.

To determine whether daily intraventricular injection of gentamicin sulfate would cause neurologic or morphologic abnormalities of the central nervous system, adult male rabbits were given gentamicin sulfate, 2 mg/kg, intramuscularly twice a day plus saline, 0.2 ml (group 1), or gentamicin, 0.05 mg/kg (group 2), 0.25 mg/kg (group 3), or 0.5 mg/kg (group 4), given as the sulfate intraventricularly once a day. The majority of the animals in group 4 developed neurologic abnormalities which progressed to death in animals that were not euthanized; neuropathologic studies revealed chemical ventriculitis and meningitis that were associated with high levels of gentamicin in the cerebrospinal fluid and tissue of the central nervous system. Similar neurologic and morphologic changes were seen in most animals of group 3 but not in rabbits of groups 1 and 2. The ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity of gentamicin are well known; these data indicate that it may be toxic to the central nervous system as well.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Edematous necrosis in thiamine-deficient encephalopathy of the mouse.

Acute encephalopathy was produced in the adult male Swiss mouse by pyrithiamine injection in conjunction with a thiamine-deficient diet. The condition of some mice was reversed within 24 hours by a treatment of a high dose of thiamine. The lesions occurred selectively in the thalamus, pontine tegmentum, and mammillary body and were manifested by hemorrhage and edematous necrosis consisting of severe edema of astrocytes, myelin sheaths, and neuronal dendrites. Before thiamine treatment, these degenerative changes were not associated with any mesenchymal reaction. At 48 and 96 hours after thiamine treatment, these edematous changes persisted. Fat-laden macrophages appeared in the lesion. Some axons showed Wallerian-type degeneration. After three weeks of thiamine treatment, macrophages became thin and rod-shaped. Wallerian-type degeneration and myelin edema persisted. The oligodendrocytes and astrocytes were hypertrophic. These lesions of thiamine-treated encephalopathy of the mouse closely resembled the non-hemorrhagic lesions of human Wernicke encephalopathy. Mice which were concomitantly-induced with hyperglycemia and encephalopathy showed no significant differences in clinical and morphologic manifestations from the encephalopathic mice with normal blood sugar levels. Vascular permeability to horseradish peroxidase was increased only slightly at the initial stage, but was reversed in the mice which clinically responded quickly to thiamine treatment. Occasionally, persistent increase of permeability was seen in 21-day-old lesions. These findings suggested that, in thiamine-deficient encephalopathy, both nervous and vascular components in the brain were involved and that the morphologic manifestations of the nervous component were far more extensive than those of the blood vessels.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Hemorrhage of thiamine-deficient encephalopathy.

Hemorrhagic lesions of pyrithiamine-induced acute thiamine-deficient encephalopathy of the mouse (PIATDEM) consisted of petechiae, which often coalesced to form small hematomas. Electron microscopy showed the typical petechial lesion to be composed of a perivascular necrotic zone containing fibrin-platelet clot surrounded by a ring of erythrocytes. Endothelial cells were intact and tight junctions were closed. A study of permeability to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) revealed only a slight increase in the number of transport vesicles in the endothelial cells. A large amount of HRP present in the lesions seemed to have entered the brain by a hemorrhagic route which remains unclarified. Spherical latex particles, 0.23 micrometer in diameter, were injected intravenously into encephalopathic mice at a time when intracerebral hemorrhages frequently occurred. Two to 24 hours after the injection, a large number of latex particles penetrated the blood vessels at sites of hemorrhage. There were many particles in the phagosomes of the endothelial cells, which suggested transendothelial transport by the organelle. The possibility of endothelial phagocytic transport of erythrocytes as a main route of diapedesis is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Nosocomial Aeromonas hydrophila cellulitis and bacteremia in a nonimmunocompromised patient.

An elderly man, without heat in his home for two days, presented with cold, painful, swollen feet. Second-degree frostbite was present. After having moist packs applied to his feet for five days, the patient became febrile and hypotensive, and wet gangrene necessitated left below-knee and right above-knee amputations. Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated from the patient's blood and cultures of the pedal wounds. An etiologic role of the moist pack therapy is postulated.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1981

Distribution of ribonucleic acid coliphages in animals.

To determine the distribution pattern of ribonucleic acid (RNA) coliphages (classified by serological groups I through IV) in animal sources, we isolated RNA phages from (i) feces samples from domestic animals (cows, pigs, horses, and fowls), some other animals in a zoological garden, and humans, (ii) the gastrointestinal contents of cows and pigs, and (iii) sewage samples from treatment plants in slaughter houses. These samples were then analyzed serologically. The concentration of RNA phages in the first and second kinds of material was fairly low (10 to 10(3) plaque-forming units per original phage sample), whereas that in the third kind of material was fairly high (10(3) to 10(5) plaque-forming units per original phage sample). Concerning the group types of the RNA phages in the first and second kinds of material, human feces contained RNA phages of groups II and III almost equally, the gastrointestinal contents of pigs included those of groups I and II equally, and the feces or gastrointestinal contents of other mammals other than humans and pigs had those of group I exclusively. In the third type of material we found mostly group I phages with a minor fraction of group II phages. Thus, the prominent features of the distribution pattern of RNA phages are the predominance of groups III and II in humans and the predominance of group I in animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Distribution of ribonucleic acid coliphages in Korea.

To determine the geographical distribution of ribonucleic acid (RNA) coliphages in Korea, we collected sewage samples from domestic drainage in densely populated urban areas in July through August, 1979. Of 132 samples, 74 (56%) contained RNA phages (106 strains). They were classified into groups I, II and III (4:47:55) by serological analysis. Based on previous data for Japan (groups II and III [3:11]) and Southeast Asia (mostly group III), the distribution pattern of RNA phages in Korea was of an intermediate type between those of Japan and Southeast Asia.

Coliphages↗
PubMed1981

Distribution of ribonucleic acid coliphages in raw sewage from treatment plants in Japan.

To determine the transmission cycle of ribonucleic acid (RNA) coliphages in their natural habitats, we investigated the distribution patterns of RNA phages in raw sewage collected from treatment plants in various localities in Japan. Most of the sewage samples contained group II and III phages. Samples from treatment plants in Sapporo, Tokyo, and Toyama contained appreciable amounts of group I phages in addition to the group II and III phages. As a whole, raw sewage from treatment plants in Japan contained RNA phages of the three groups in the ratio 1:2:5, group I/II/III. Based on the distribution patterns of RNA phages in sewage from domestic drainage in Japan proper (group II/III, 3:1), in animal feces and sewage from slaughter houses (mostly group I), and in human feces (group II/III, 1:1), it can be reasonably said that group I phages tend to be introduced from animal sources and group II and III phages tend to be introduced from human sources. Raw sewage from treatment plants in Japan consists mainly of human feces, sewage from domestic drainage, and industrial wastewater, and, in part, from slaughter houses. In fact, sewage from slaughter houses together with that from human sources flowed into the treatment plants of Tokyo as far as we could confirm.

Coliphages↗
PubMed1981

A new broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic complex, sporaricin. IV. Sporaricins C and D.

Two new aminoglycoside antibiotics, sporaricins C and D have been isolated from the culture broth of Saccharopolyspora hirsuta subsp. kobensis, which produced sporaricins A and B. The structures of sporaricins C and D have been determined to be 4-N-carbamoyl-glycylsporaricin B and 4-N-formylglycylsporaricin B, respectively. Sporaricins C and D are active against Gram-negative and Gram-negative bacteria including aminoglycoside-resistant strains.

Aminoglycosides↗