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Biomedical subjects

I Watanabe

Publications and source records attributed to I Watanabe.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Action of piroxicam on allergic inflammation].

Effects of piroxicam on allergic inflammation were investigated with allergic air pouch inflammation and antigen-induced arthritis in rats. In allergic air pouch inflammation, piroxicam exerted a dose-dependent inhibition (1-10 mg/kg, p.o.) of the exudate production, the migration of leukocytes and the release of lysosomal enzyme into the exudate; and its potency was superior to that of indomethacin and equivalent to that observed with prednisolone. In contrast with this, the suppressive effect of piroxicam on non-allergic air pouch inflammation was as weak as indomethacin. Prednisolone showed a similar effect on both types of air pouch inflammation. In antigen-induced arthritis, piroxicam showed a dose-dependent (0.3-3 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibitory effect on knee joint swelling and an improving action on the functional disorder of the inflamed joint. On this model, piroxicam was 3 to 4 times more active than both indomethacin and prednisolone. In non-allergic joint inflammation induced with croton oil in rats, however, the anti-inflammatory potency of piroxicam was almost equal to those of indomethacin and prednisolone. Piroxicam showed more potent inhibition than indomethacin on heterologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats, but showed only a slight inhibition on the increased vascular permeability caused by histamine and bradykinin. Piroxicam had no influence upon the plaque-forming cell response and the delayed hypersensitivity reaction in mice; furthermore, the hemolytic activity of complement in guinea-pig serum was scarcely affected by piroxicam in vitro. These results indicate that piroxicam possesses prominent efficiency on allergic inflammation and may function on several activities of inflammatory cells.

Air Sacs↗
PubMed1983

[Experimental studies on the genesis of low-frequency vibrations (M-sound) of the first heart sound using a miniature accelerometer].

We studied eight mongrel dogs, weighing 15 to 35 kg, in which an initial low-frequency vibration of the first heart sound (M-sound) was recognized on the chest wall. A miniature accelerometer weighing 0.5 gm was used to record surface velocity signals and surface acceleration signals as well as phonocardiograms over the cardiac apex of the closed chest wall and over the pericardium or epicardium. The frequency response of accelerometer was essentially flat (+/- 1.5 dB) from 1 to 200 Hz. The accelerometer mounted was such that its sensitive axis was perpendicular to the recording surface. Equisensitive phonocardiograms were obtained to compare the signal size of M-sound on the epicardium at several positions including the cardiac apex, the left ventricular anterior wall near the interventricular septum, the left ventricular antero-lateral wall and the right ventricular anterior wall. Intraventricular phonocardiograms and pressure curves were obtained by a Millar catheter directly inserted through the left ventricular wall near the apex to keep the tip near the apex. Furthermore, the relationship between M-sound and the shortening of the myocardium at the apex was investigated by means of ultrasonic dimension system and phonocardiography. Studies of M-sound were performed not only in sinus rhythm, but also in atrio-ventricular dissociation and ventricular pacing after crushing sinus node or electrical vagus stimulation. The results were as follows: The M-sounds over the chest wall, pericardium and epicardium were recorded coincidentally with the onsets of the left ventricular pressure curve, its dP/dt, low-frequency vibration of the first heart sound of intraventricular phonocardiogram, positive velocity, and acceleration of myocardial surface. The M-sound on the epicardium was maximal in intensity at or near the cardiac apex, in comparison with those recorded on the left ventricular anterior wall near the interventricular septum, left ventricular antero-lateral wall, and right ventricular anterior wall. The M-sound was observed between A and C points of the mitral valve echogram. There was no effect of atrial contraction on the M-sound in cases of atrio-ventricular dissociation. The onset of the M-sound on the epicardium at the apex was not always coincident with the onset of shortening of the myocardium at the same position.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical evaluation of micronomicin for the treatment of postoperative infections in cancer patients].

Micronomicin (MCR, Sagamicin), a new derivative of aminoglycoside, was used in 9 patients with postoperative infection mainly caused by Gram-negative bacilli. A dose of 60-120 mg was intramuscularly administered continuously twice a day for 3-21 days. The therapeutic results were excellent in 2, good in 3, fair in 1 and poor in 2 cases. The assessment was impossible in 1 patient. The effective rate was 62.5%. No side effects were encountered in any cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[The effects of spatial arrangement upon selective letter perception].

Two experiments were conducted in order to test the hypothesis presented by Sonoda, Sato, & Sakuma (1975): Selective letter perception in visual letter displays is influenced not only by the total number of letters presented and the spatial separation between the target letter and its adjacent noise letters, but also by the spatial arrangement of letters. The reaction time of pressing buttons to the target letter was measured as a function of spatial arrangement of letters, where the effects of the total number of letters and the spatial separation were controlled appropriately and the line indicator was strictly the only cue for target selection. It was suggested that the selective letter perception is influenced by the special spatial arrangement of letters which is produced by both the total number of letters and the heterogeneity of letter-to-letter separations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Hormone secreting ability in patients with parathyroid autograft].

In order to elucidate the function of parathyroid autograft, we determined the plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in the blood from cubital veins in two patients who had parathyroid autotransplantation after total parathyroidectomy. The first patient with chronic renal failure had been treated by hemodialysis for the past nine years and showed marked symptoms due to secondary hyperparathyroidism for five years. The second patient showed an evidence of recurrence of parathyroid cancer three years after the initial operation carried out elsewhere. The parathyroid tissue of 80 mg was sliced into 25 pieces and transplanted into separate pockets in one of the brachioradial muscles of the forearm. These patients showed an increase in plasma PTH levels two weeks after surgery. Plasma calcium level returned to the normal range three months after operation. Artificial hypocalcemia was induced by an injection of porcine calcitonin at ten months after surgery and a reserve of PTH secretion was tested. An increase of plasma C-PTH and N-PTH levels were recognized in the two patients as well as in the normal healthy volunteers. It was shown that parathyroid autograft has sufficient function to maintain normocalcemia and a reserve of function to respond against an artificially induced hypocalcemia at the tenth month after autografting.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The proposed Japanese TNM classification of primary liver carcinoma in infants and children.

The TNM classifications of neuroblastoma, nephroblastoma and soft tissue sarcoma were adopted at the International Conference for TNM Classification (UICC) held in May 1980. There is no TNM system under contemplation, however, for primary liver carcinoma in childhood. Accordingly, we have formulated the proposed Japanese TNM system for this carcinoma in children and examined its validity in 136 cases of hepatoblastoma seen in the listed 14 institutions. The basic policy of the Committee on the Japanese TNM Classification is not to include the resectability of the tumor and regional lymph nodes or any other status of the disease resulting from therapeutic intervention as a component of the pTNM system. This is a feature which makes our proposed system widely divergent from the accepted classification scheme for the three types of tumor cited above.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Ultrastructural features of cerebral amyloid angiopathy.

Ultrastructural studies of the brain in three cases of cerebral amyloid angiopathy demonstrated that the vascular amyloid in this disease is composed of fibrils identical to those in systemic amyloid disease, mixed with a large amount of vesicular debris. Amyloid appears to be derived from circulating protein and is depostied in areas of vascular basement membrane degeneration. The initiating degenerative change is thickening of basement membrane with accumulation of debris. Inflammation, when present, tends to accelerate amyloid deposition locally. Amyloid transport from the vascular wall into the brain parenchyma proceeds by overflow when perivascular astroglial end-feet are disarranged. Structures of perivascular amyloid plaques are similar to the neuritic (senile) plaques in Alzheimer's disease, which were used as control, except that the amyloid core of the plaques in Alzheimer's disease is not related to blood vessels.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Neuroblastoma in situ.

Two cases of neuroblastoma in situ incidentally found in young infants at autopsy are reported. One was an 8-day-old female infant of large for dates clinically diagnosed as fetal erythroblastosis. Histologically, several foci of tumor were scattered within the medulla of the left adrenal gland. This case was thought to be multiple neuroblastoma in situ. The other was a 34-day-old male infant who was born premature and associated with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Grossly, a solitary small nodule was seen in the right adrenal gland. Microscopically, the lesion was located within the medulla. In both cases, the tumor was composed of lymphocyte-like small and dark cells with rosette formations. Local infiltrations were observed, but not metastasis. The review of 611 autopsy cases of neuroblastoma reported in the Annual of the Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan, vol. 11 (1968) to vol. 20 (1977)2 revealed 7 cases of neuroblastoma in situ including one of our cases. The peculiar features of neuroblastoma were described.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗