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Biomedical subjects

I Watanabe

Publications and source records attributed to I Watanabe.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Bull's-eye maculopathy, negative electroretinogram and low plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate level. A report of two cases.

Two patients had bull's-eye maculopathy, negative electroretinograms and low level of plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate. In these cases, single bright-flash electroretinograms were of a negative type and scotopic electroretinograms were reduced in amplitude, whereas photopic electroretinograms were normal or only slightly reduced in amplitude. The negative electroretinograms were considered to result from extensive abnormalities in the inner retinal layer or an abnormal cyclic guanosine monophosphate metabolism in the photoreceptor cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Importance of retinal pigmentation as a subclinical marker in familial adenomatous polyposis.

Surgery was performed in 35 patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) from 22 family trees. To clarify retinal pigmentation as an important subclinical marker in patients with FAP, precise retinal examinations were performed in 41 cases (82 eyes), including 23 patients and 18 family members including 12 second-generation and third-generation possible carriers. In 27 patients, precise studies were done on accompanying lesions, and the number of polyps was counted at the time of surgery in each patient in every family tree. The overall incidence of retinal pigmentation in patients was 82.6 percent. The incidence of retinal pigmentation in possible carriers was found to be 50 percent, which is comparable with the calculated expressibility of the polyps. The shape and distribution of pigmentations were classified into two categories--large and small. A total of 1984 control retinal examinations were performed, which revealed only six retinal pigmentations (0.3 percent). In the control group, all pigmentation was solitary and unilateral. No large pigmentations in bilateral eyes were found in the control group. In large pigmentation, the sensitivity and specificity were calculated as 0.652 and 0.999, respectively, and in small pigmentation, the sensitivity and specificity were calculated as 0.783 and 0.997, respectively. Small pigmentation appears to increase in number around the age of the appearance of the polyp. Earliest recognition of the pigmentation in this series was one year of age.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1990

Audiological findings of prolonged Menière's disease.

As Ménière's disease progresses, the fluctuations becomes less marked and the hearing level gradually declines. In the more established and advanced stages of the disease, a permanent and progressive hearing loss develops. It has been reported, however, that hearing acuity in some patients with Ménière's disease significantly improved after having had the disorder for many years. Such observation suggests that the inner ear pathology in late stages of Ménière's disease may not be necessarily irreversible. The purpose of this investigation was to assess whether or not various audiological evaluations including EcochG may be of value in predicting the irreversibility of hearing deficit in patients suffering from advanced stages of Ménière's disease. The audiological studies included pure tone audiogram, SISI test, Bekesy audiometry, glycerol (or urea) test, speech discrimination test, and electrocochleography. A combination of the recruiting type of response in the EcochG and the narrowing of the tracing width of continuous sound in the Bekesy pattern seemed to be indicative for irreversible hair cell damages. Patients who had a low score in the speech discrimination test as well as an absence of ABR response were suspected of having retrocochlear lesions. Our investigations suggest that the irreversibility of hearing impairment in patients with later stages of Ménière's disease may be predicted to some extent in the use of various audiological evaluations including the EcochG.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Time-lapse microscopy and DNA double-strand breakage of Chinese hamster cells under conditions promoting or preventing PLD repair after irradiation with 60Co gamma rays.

We have confirmed previous time-lapse microscopic observations (Suzuki 1985) using Chinese hamster hai and V79 cells. The proportion of non-dividing to dividing cells was the same under conditions of potentially lethal damage (PLD) repair and non-PLD repair after irradiation with 60Co gamma-rays. This finding suggested that the radiation-induced damage to cellular DNA was similarly repaired so that cells undergo a first division to the same extent under both sets of conditions. In fact, direct measurement of double-strand breaks (dsb) in DNA from the two cell lines by the neutral elution technique showed no differences either in the initial amount of damage or in the time-course under conditions promoting or preventing PLD repair. These results indicate that PLD repair (i.e. an increase in cell survival) cannot be simply explained by a difference in the repair of dsb, but it can perhaps be explained by assuming that DNA damage is repaired with either fewer or more errors in the presence or absence of PLD repair respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Limited Multiplication of Symbiotic Cyanobacteria of Azolla spp. on Artificial Media.

We examined various media and conditions to isolate symbiotic cyanobacteria from the leaf cavities of Azolla spp. Cyanobacteria survived and multiplied to a limited extent on a medium with fructose, Casamino Acids, yeast extract, and NaNO(3) under 1% O(2). These cyanobacteria were antigenically identical to the endosymbionts.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1990

Does reperfusion extend necrosis? A study in a single territory of myocardial ischemia--half reperfused and half not reperfused.

The purpose of this study was to confirm or disprove the existence of reperfusion-induced extension of necrosis. To avoid the effect of the variability of collateral circulation when groups of dogs are compared, we compared the effect of reperfusion and nonreperfusion on myocardial necrosis in a single ischemic territory, half of which was reperfused and half of which was not. The left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) territory between its last diagonal branch and the apex was studied because it was found to have uniform collateral blood flow. In 20 dogs, the LAD was occluded for 90-240 minutes to produce necrosis of different degrees of transmurality. Before release of this occlusion, the LAD was occluded distally halfway to the apex to keep the distal half nonreperfused. After 5 minutes of proximal reperfusion. Monastral blue dye was injected into the left atrium for demarcation of the reperfused region, and the heart was arrested, excised, cut parallel to the LAD, and placed into triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) solution for delineation of the region of necrosis. The validity of TTC staining under the conditions of this study was confirmed by light and electron microscopy. The transmurality of necrosis, measured within 1 or 0.5 cm on either side of the boundary, ranged from 30% to 88% of wall thickness and was not different in the reperfused compared with the nonreperfused region (paired t test). Reperfusion did not advance the epicardial edge of necrosis compared with the nonreperfused region. In conclusion, at 5 minutes after reperfusion, comparison of necrosis in the reperfused and nonreperfused halves of a single ischemic territory could not demonstrate an extension of necrosis by reperfusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Relation of serological- and CPE- classification of porcine enteroviruses to the classification by immunoperoxidase (IP) staining, and observation of CPE by IP staining method.

Characteristics of CPE produced by porcine enteroviruses (PEV) were examined by Immunoperoxidase (IP) staining method. Viral antigens were detected earlier than appearance of CPE. Distinctive characteristics of the three CPE types were clearly showed by the method. In cross reactions by IP staining, the titers of the staining were high (1:6,400 to 1:25,600), even though neutralizing titers of PEV with CPE II or III were low (1:200 to 1:400). The very close relationship was detected between PEV with the same CPE type, but the very low relationships were detected between PEV with the different CPE type. The relationships in CPE I group were various. The results by IP staining were more relative to CPE type than the serotype. Thus, IP staining is one method to classify PEV clearly.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Differentiation of crypt epithelium in human palatine tonsils: the microenvironment of crypt epithelium as a lymphoepithelial organ.

The differentiation of the keratinocytes of the human palatine tonsils were studied by means of light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry using a polyclonal (K) and two monoclonal antikeratin antibodies (PKK1, PKK2). In the surface epithelium, the basal cells, cuboidal or columnar in shape, undergo progressive terminal differentiation and are transformed into the flattened cells of the upper layers. K reacts with both the basal and spinous layers, while PKK1 and PKK2 mark exclusively the basal layer. In the neck portion of the crypt, cavities containing one or aggregated lymphocytes with amorphous substances are observed in the spinous layer. The cavities are surrounded by elongated cytoplasmic processes of transformed epithelial cells bearing surface microvilli. These transformed epithelial cells display intense PKK1- and PKK2-positive reactions, whereas other conventional polygonal cells in the vicinity remain PKK1- and PKK2-negative as do those in the surface epithelium. In the deep portion of the crypt, where numerous lymphocytes invade the epithelium, the epithelial cells are transformed into star-shaped reticulum cells showing PKK1- and PKK2-positive reactions. The extended and branched cytoplasmic processes interconnect with one another constituting a complex network of reticulum cells, the well known reticulation of the crypt epithelium. Ten-nm filaments are usually oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of transformed epithelial cells. Our observations suggest that the cell-shape transformation, i.e., from conventional polygonal epithelial cells into epithelial reticulum cells, occurs when the epithelial cells are in close contact with the infiltrating lymphocytes, and that this transformation is accompanied by a change in keratin phenotype.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Aeration of the tympanomastoid cavity and the Eustachian tube.

Physiological changes in body position affect the degree of opening and closing of human auditory tubes. Notable changes were observed in lateral body position concerning the opening rate of the auditory tubes, which corresponds to the changes in pressure within the lower portion of the middle ear cavity. This physiological mechanism seems to be related with the anatomical direction of the auditory tube and the natural mechanism for the protection of the middle ear cavity. When a change takes place which moves the compliance of the eardrum to the positive side (e.g. head position change or static lateral body position), observation suggests the possibility of venostatis and production of gas. Measurement of the oxygen tension in the middle ear cavity under atmospheric pressure revealed the existence of constant gas production which maintains the pressure in the middle ear cavity at the same level as atmospheric pressure. This result denies the influx of gas from the atmospheric environment into the middle ear cavity. These results stem from the intrinsic physiologic mechanism of the middle ear cavity, namely maintenance of effective auditory sound conduction (a function to keep eardrum compliance as close to zero as possible), by keeping the pressure within the middle ear cavity below the atmospheric pressure, either at the same level as or slightly higher than that of the environment pressure. Gas emission from the middle ear cavity in the atmospheric environment and a low oxygen tension are a natural physiologic mechanism to protect the middle ear cavity from infection and other hazards.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[HLA-DR positive T cells and CD45R positive CD4 cells in primary Sjögren's syndrome].

In 55 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (PSJS), we studied on peripheral HLA-DR positive T cells, suppressor inducer (CD4 + CD45R) cell and helper inducer (CD4 + CDw29) cells by 2-color analysis using flow cytometry system. As shown in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), progressive systemic sclerosis and myositis, the rate of pheripheral HLA-DR positive T cells in PSJS (5.9% +/- 3.9) was significantly higher than in normal (1.6% +/- 1.1). The rate of CD4 +/- CD45R + cells in PSJS (12.8% +/- 6.1) and SLE (12.8% +/- 8.2) were significantly lower than in normal (16.6% +/- 3.9). With respect to the disease pattern of PSJS, the increase of HLA-DR positive T cell and decrease of CD4 + CD45R cell were recognized in patients with leucopenia, high titer of anti-RNP antibody and/or abnormal findings of sialography, and the decrease of CD4 + CD45R + cell was not recognized in patients with kerato-conjunctivitis sicca alone. In either SLE or RA, there were no correlations between the rate of T cell subsets (HLA-DR positive T cells and CD4 + CD45R cells) and the degree of salivary gland damage. T cell subsets in PSJS were useful indicators of disease severity and it is also useful for classifying PSJS into several subtypes. To analyze T cell surface markers in PSJS is very important for investigation of functions of lymphocytes in this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of adhesion promoting monomers on adhesion to ground dentin].

Effect of adhesion promoting monomers dissolved in photocurable bonding agents on adhesion to ground dentin was investigated. They were MDP, Phosmer-M and 4-MET. The effect of those monomers was compared with that of Phenyl-P. The bonding agents contained campherquinone (CQ) as a photosensitizer, N-phenylglycine (NPG) as a reducing agent and TEGDMA as a base monomer. Phenyl-P was the best adhesion promoting monomer among those studied monomers. MDP could not polymerize well enough to give good bond strength. Phosmer-M could permeate through the smeared layer but could not make a stable resin reinforced dentin. 4-MET did not permeate through the smeared layer and did not adhere to ground dentin.

Adhesives↗
PubMed1990

[Neuro-psychiatric symptom associated with primary Sjögren's syndrome].

Neuro-psychiatric complications of primary Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) were studied on their frequency and characteristics of clinical signs in 150 patients of our clinic. Clinical symptoms and laboratory examinations were compared in the patients group complicated with neuro-psychiatric symptoms and the non-complicated group. Neuro-psychiatric symptoms (neuro SjS) were complicated with 63 patients (42.0%). Central nervous system (CNS) involvement were occurred in 47 patients (31.3%). In this group (CNS SjS), psychiatric complications were observed in 43 patients (28.7%), consisted with 29 cases of neurosis, 7 cases of depression, 6 cases of presenile dementia, and others. Nine patients (6.0%) in this group had neurologic involvement that were 3 cases of aseptic meningitis, 3 cases of neurogenic bladder, and each case of multiple infarction, multiple sclerosis, and others. These 9 patients showed more frequently positive results for rheumatoid factor, anti-SSA antibody, leucopenia, and lymphopenia, so this subgroup might be consisted of a small group which was resemble to systemic lupus erythematosus. Cranial nerve involvement, mainly injured in trigeminal nerve, and peripheral nerve involvement were complicated with 5 patients (3.3%) and 24 patients (16.0%), respectively. In neuro-psychiatric complicated group, mean age was older and dry mouth were more frequent (p less than 0.05) than non-complicated group. In psychiatric complicated group, mean age was older (p less than 0.01) and dry mouth were more frequent (p less than 0.05). In any groups of neuro-psychiatric complications, the frequency of any autoantibodies was not statistically different from non-complicated group. But, in the group of cranial nerve involvement, anti-RNP antibody was 60.0% positive (in non-complicated group, 17.2%: p less than 0.05). In CNS SjS group, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities were occurred in 8 of 13 patients. High intensity lesions in white matter on the T2-weighted examinations was characteristic, which showed lacnar infarctions or demyelinated lesions in MRI abnormalities. In CNS SjS, corticosteroid or immunosuppressant was not always necessary, because this complication was self-limited or enough controlled by minor-tranquilizer or anti-depressant. The character of onset in neuro SjS was chronic and neuro SjS was insidiously developing disease. And more studies including treatment on neuro SjS were needed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effects of the thromboxane A2 analogue, STA2, on the transmembrane potentials of guinea pig ventricular muscles under normal and simulated ischaemic conditions.

To assess whether thromboxane A2 (TXA2) exerts a direct electrophysiological effect on cardiac muscle, the effects of STA2 (10 micrograms/l), a stable TXA2 analogue, on the action potentials were examined in isolated guinea pig ventricular muscles using conventional microelectrode techniques. STA2 failed to induce any significant changes in the action potential characteristics in both normal Tyrode's solution and the hyperkalemic (K+ = 10.8 mM) solution. 15 min of superfusion with the "ischemic" solution, which consisted of hyperkalemia (K+ = 10.8 mM), hypoxia (pO2 less than 50 mmHg), acidosis (pH = 6.4) and substrate deprivation (glucose-free), progressively shortened the action potential duration and reduced the resting membrane potential, action potential amplitude and Vmax. STA2 did not affect the changes in the action potential during such "ischemic" superfusion. These results indicate that STA2 exerts no direct electrophysiological effects on both the normal and the "ischemic" myocardium. The arrhythmogenic effects of TXA2 observed in in vivo studies might reflect the ability of TXA2 to induce platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction resulting in an exacerbation of myocardial ischemia.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1990

[Two cases of abdominal bronchogenic cyst].

Two cases of abdominal bronchogenic cyst were reported. In the first case, the cyst was communicated with gastric fundus and existed as gastric abscess. In the second case, the cyst showed high CT number and chemical analysis of the contents revealed high range of Ca, Fe and Amylase levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Desmoplastic fibroma of the temporal bone.

A desmoplastic fibroma is a rare entity in the temporal bone. An 86-year-old woman was seen for evaluation of ear discharge and stenosis of the ear canal with a mass involving the post-auricular region. The tumor was found to be a desmoplastic fibroma. The clinical picture, pathology, diagnosis and prognosis of the tumor are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Retinitis pigmentosa with uveal effusion syndrome, a case report].

We reported a 65 year old female patient with retinitis pigmentosa accompanied by unilateral uveal effusion syndrome. Reduction in visual acuity and loss of depth of the anterior chamber were followed by peripheral choroidal detachment and then by retinal detachment. Subretinal fluid shifted to the lower part of the fundus for a short period and easily shifted to the posterior pole in a supine position. The axial length of both eyes was 21.3 mm. Fluorescein angiography revealed no definite points of leakage or abnormally dilated vessels. Chorioretinal detachment gradually disappeared with systemic steroid therapy. After that two recurrences, both of which were accompanied with loss of depth of the anterior chamber, we found during a follow-up period of two years. We thought this combination of retinitis pigmentosa and uveal effusion syndrome to be incidental. Since the exudative fluid easily accumulated in the subretinal space and shifted according to the head position, retinochoroidal adherence in retinitis pigmentosa may not be so strong as previously presumed.

Aged↗