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Biomedical subjects

I Wald

Publications and source records attributed to I Wald.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Follow-up studies of a representative sample of children with severe mental handicap in Poland.

A representative sample of 260 Polish children, aged 5-14 years, identified between 1964 and 1965 in an epidemiological study as severely mentally handicapped (IQs ranging from 0 to 51) were followed up twice: (I) after 10 years (in 1975-1976); and (II) after 23 years (in 1987-1988). At both follow-ups, all surviving subjects were contacted, and psychological and sociological data were gathered; the findings presented here pertain mostly to follow-up II. The great majority of subjects (85%) lived with their families, and the remainder resided in an institution. Only 10% of subjects (living with one exception in families) currently had a higher level of intellectual functioning than that of severe mental handicap. Among this group were individuals of relatively better health, without speech disorders, who had attended schools, had some vocational training, had been or were employed, and had families of their own, i.e. were self-dependent with a life-style similar to that of other people of their age and social background. Of the remainder, about 40% retained the same relative level of intellectual and social functioning, and about 50% deteriorated, particularly those in institutions. This latter group has remained in the role of permanent children, depending on others for care and maintenance.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1990

Acute chest syndrome in children with sickle cell anemia.

Vaso-occlusive crisis is the most common cause of morbidity in patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA). Those patients are frequently admitted with chest signs and symptoms suggesting an infective process. The term acute chest syndrome (ACS) is used to describe those chest episodes in SCA patients, and it is postulated that a primary bone vaso-occlusive crisis may be the cause of the acute chest syndrome in SCA patients. In this study we report 52 episodes of ACS in a group of 22 children with SCA. Chest pain, fever, and leukocytosis were a constant clinical finding. The hematological, radiological, and bacteriological studies are reported. There is a constant and significant fall in hemoglobin levels from 88 +/- 10 g/L (8.8 +/- 1.0 g/dl) to 68 +/- 15 g/L (6.8 +/- 5 g/dl). Unilateral or bilateral pulmonary basal infiltrations were found in 50 episodes. Pleural effusion was noticed in 60 episodes, and it was bilateral in three. No significant bacteriological findings were present.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Mapping the human genes.

The article recalls achievements in the area of human gene mapping and covers recent developments in somatic cell hybridization studies and recombinant DNA technology.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Low molecular weight copper binding proteins in Wilson disease.

Cultured fibroblasts deriving from Wilson disease patients were compared with the control ones in respect of copper accumulation and low molecular weight copper binding protein (metallothionein) properties. No evidence was obtained that metallothionein abnormality could be a primary cause of copper metabolism disturbances in Wilson disease. The determination of radioactivity, present in serum low molecular weight fraction 24 hours after intravenous injection of 64Cu, has been suggested as an additional tool in Wilson disease diagnosis in doubtful cases.

Copper↗
PubMed1983

Alcohol consumption and alcoholic psychoses in Poland.

In Poland, analysis of partial correlations showed a close connection of the incidence of alcoholic psychoses with total alcohol consumption and consumption of distilled spirits but not with consumption of wine or beer. It is suggested that the incidence of alcoholic psychoses can serve as an indicator of the incidence of alcohol-related problems.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Cognitive development and social policy.

The city of Warsaw was razed at the end of World War II and rebuilt under a socialist government whose policy was to allocate dwellings, schools, and health facilities without regard to social class. Of the 14,238 children born in 1963 and living in Warsaw, 96 percent were given the Raven's Progressive Matrices Test and an arithmetic and a vocabulary test in March to June of 1974. Information was collected on the families of the children, and on characteristics of schools and city districts. Parental occupation and education were used to form a family factor, and the district data were collapsed into two factors, one relating to social marginality, and the other to distance from city center. Analysis showed that the initial assumption of even distribution of family, school, and district attributes was reasonable. Mental performance was unrelated either to school or district factors; it was related to parental occupation and education in a strong and regular gradient. It is concluded that an egalitarian social policy executed over a generation failed to override the association of social and family factors with cognitive development that is characteristic of more traditional industrial societies.

Child↗
PubMed1968

[Epidemiology of mental retardation in Poland].

In 490 Polish school districts 260 heavily imbecile children (I.Q. from 0 to 49), i.e., 0.30 percent of all children aged 5 to 15, among them 151 boys and 109 girls, were found by twenty teams composed of neuropsychiatrists, psychologists, and statisticians. The Langdon-Down syndrome was found in 39 cases (0.51 per thousand). 40.7 percent of the children had brothers and sisters that were weak-minded or afflicted with other psychic disorders. For 93 children it was possible to establish birth asphyxia. The proportion of children who because of imbecility are unable to attend normal schools amounts to 2.0 percent.

Adolescent↗