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Biomedical subjects

I W Booth

Publications and source records attributed to I W Booth.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Ileocolic ulceration: a long-term complication following ileocolic anastomosis.

The long-term complications of loose stools and failure to thrive following resection of the ileocecal region with end-to-end ileocolic or jejunocolic anastomosis are well recognized. We report four cases of a previously undescribed insidious complication that has developed in 8% of our patients after a latent period of many years following the primary operation; that of perianastomotic ulceration leading to severe iron deficiency anemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Successful management of idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction with cisapride.

This is a case report of a previously asymptomatic 11-year-old boy who developed chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Barium studies revealed grossly disordered motility of the proximal small bowel, and ganglion cells in a gastric biopsy were mildly abnormal. Treatment with conventional prokinetic agents and gastrojejunostomy were ineffective. Intravenous cisapride induced an immediate remission, which has been maintained subsequently by rectal administration of the drug.

Administration, Rectal↗
PubMed1988

Simplified oral pancreatic function test.

The standard Bentiromide test and a new modified test using p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) as a pharmacokinetic marker for p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) have been evaluated in the detection of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in children. The conventional two day test using a colorimetric assay for urinary PABA discriminated poorly between five children with pancreatic insufficiency and 13 others with normal pancreatic function. Two further groups of patients, comprising 28 with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency and 20 with normal pancreatic function underwent the modified test, and urine samples were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed a complete separation between groups. The use of PAS eliminates a number of sources of error inherent in a two day Bentiromide test and provides a simplified and accurate diagnostic test for pancreatic insufficiency. The PABA-PAS modified test enables collection of the urine to be done during a single six hour period.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1988

Faecal chymotrypsin: a reliable index of exocrine pancreatic function.

Simultaneous measurements of duodenal and faecal chymotrypsin were made in 30 children aged 3 weeks to 14 years. Apparent chymotrypsin secretion rates measured after stimulation with pancreozymin were compared with the mean faecal chymotrypsin concentration derived from three stool specimens collected at random within 72 hours of the intraduodenal test. In the 25 children who responded to pancreozymin stimulation the mean faecal chymotrypsin concentration was significantly positively correlated with the apparent chymotrypsin secretion rate. Correlation using single specimen stools collected at random was appreciably poorer. In the five children with undetectable or only traces of chymotrypsin in the duodenum after stimulation, the mean faecal chymotrypsin concentrations were only 3-10% of the lower limit of the reference interval. In a second group of 46 children with cystic fibrosis proved by sweat tests and clinical evidence of malabsorption, the chymotrypsin concentration measured in a single stool specimen collected at random was unequivocally subnormal in each case. Faecal chymotrypsin measurement is a rapid, simple, cheap, readily repeated, non-invasive test of high specificity and sensitivity. Faecal chymotrypsin should be measured before contemplating intraduodenal tests of pancreatic function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Glucose-galactose malabsorption: demonstration of specific jejunal brush border membrane defect.

Jejunal brush border glucose transport was studied in a patient with glucose-galactose malabsorption and in controls, using jejunal brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) prepared from conventional jejunal biopsies. Whereas BBMV from controls showed a seven-fold enhancement of D-glucose uptake in the presence of an inwardly directed sodium gradient compared with its absence, no such enhancement was seen in the patient's vesicles. In BBMV from the patient, initial D-glucose uptake under sodium gradient conditions was only 10% of the mean control value. In contrast, sodium/proton exchange in BBMV from the patient was intact. These data provide the first unequivocal evidence that the jejunal brush border membrane is the site of a specific defect in sodium dependent glucose transport in glucose-galactose malabsorption. Measurement of glucose uptake by BBMV may well be the optimal diagnostic technique in this disorder.

Galactose↗
PubMed1988

Maturation of the lower oesophageal sphincter in the preterm baby.

There are few reported studies of the lower oesophageal sphincter in preterm infants and none has investigated babies of less than 34 weeks gestation. Using a modified manometric technique suitable for use on very low birth weight infants we have measured sphincter pressures on 68 occasions in 25 infants of postconceptional age between 27 and 41 weeks. In even the most preterm infants the lower oesophageal sphincter could be defined. The mean effective sphincter pressure rose from 3.8 mmHg in infants of less than 29 weeks gestation to 18.1 mmHg in the term infant. This rise in effective sphincter pressure correlated well with increasing postconceptional age (r = 0.81). This pattern of maturation in our patients was unaffected by intrauterine growth retardation, postnatal illness, or concurrent xanthine administration.

Esophagogastric Junction↗
PubMed1987

Percutaneous central venous feeding lines in infants: do they perform as well as surgically positioned catheters?

The complications of the administration of parenteral nutrition by central venous catheter were reviewed retrospectively in 71 neonates and infants under the age of nine months. The performance of central catheters inserted by a standard surgical method was compared with that of central catheters introduced by a percutaneous insertion technique using peripheral veins and carried out on the ward. The incidence of catheter related sepsis in percutaneously inserted lines was significantly less (p less than 0.05) than in surgically inserted lines, but in all other respects, there were no significant differences in performance. These findings demonstrate that percutaneous insertion is a simple, safe and cost-effective alternative to surgical placement of feeding catheters in neonates and infants.

Catheterization, Central Venous↗
PubMed1987

Oral candida: is dummy carriage the culprit?

Oral candida in subjects who sucked dummies was almost double that of controls. Although the carriage of Candida albicans on silicone dummies was significantly reduced compared with latex dummies, oral colonisation was unaffected, suggesting that dummy carriage is not the cause of the observed increase.

Candidiasis, Oral↗
PubMed1987

The nutrition team in a children's hospital.

This paper discusses the reasons for a paediatric nutritional care team, the members involved, and their role within the team. The methods used for nutritional assessment are described and the cost effectiveness of the nutrition team's involvement is discussed.

Child↗