[Diagnosis and therapy of pancreatic cancer].
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Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde↗
Biomedical subjects
I Vogel
Publications and source records attributed to I Vogel.
Relaxin (hRLX-2)-induced weakening of human fetal membranes in vitro.
We examined the effect of human relaxin (hRLX-2) on the biomechanical properties of human fetal membranes in vitro. Intact chorioamniotic membranes were obtained from twelve elective cesarean sections before the onset of labor. Membrane strips with a fixed width were biomechanically tested after incubation for 20 h with hRLX-2 in concentrations of 10(-7) mol/l and 10(-9) mol/l. Incubation with hRLX-2 (10(-9) mol/l) changed the load-strain values as the membrane stiffness was decreased by 19% when compared with controls: median 2.45 N (range, 0.81-4.31) versus 3.03 N (1.28-5.46), P = 0.02 (Mann-Whitney test). For description of the membrane material as such, the stress-strain values were calculated by dividing the load-strain values with the cross sectional area of the membranes. Incubation with hRLX-2 (10(-9) mol/l) decreased the tensile strength of the membranes by 30%-0.817 N/mm2 (0.282-1.139) vs. 0.575 N/mm2 (0.101-1.150), P = 0.03--and reduced the elastic modulus by 31%--2.26 N/mm2 (0.82-5.08) versus 1.57 N/mm2 (0.51-3.71), P = 0.002. Less pronounced effects were found after incubation with hRLX (10(-7) mol/l). No quantitative or qualitative changes of the membrane collagen were found after relaxin incubation. Although the mechanism for rupture of the fetal membranes remains unknown, the present results suggest that relaxin might be involved in the process leading to rupture of the membranes.
Amnion↗
Impact of staging on treatment of biliary carcinoma.
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Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
Partial duodenopancreatectomy with radical lymphadenectomy in patients with pancreatic and periampullary carcinomas: initial results.
Encouraged by the improved results of radical lymphadenectomy in patients with pancreatic carcinoma we designed and carried out a prospective study. Between Jan 88 and Jan 91, 17 patients (group A: cancer of the head of the pancreas, n = 5, periampullary cancer, n = 12) underwent a partial duodenopancreatectomy with radical lymphadenectomy, and 17 patients (group B: cancer of the head of the pancreas, n = 11), periampullary cancer, n = 6) underwent a partial duodenopancreatectomy without lymphadenectomy. Perioperative mortality was 17% (n = 3) in group A and 11.7% (n = 2) in group B. All three deaths in group A were due to erosion and hemorrhage of the completely dissected hepatic artery, and those in group B were due to pancreatitis and pneumonia, respectively. The cumulative 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates for patients with pancreatic cancer who survived the operation were 50%, 50% and 50% for group A and 25%, 25% and 0% for group B. In patients with periampullary carcinoma 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were all 47% for group A, and 100% for group B.
Ampulla of Vater↗
[Resection of liver metastases of colorectal cancers. Results and prognostic factors].
Between 1985 and 1991 268 liver resections were performed at the Department of Surgery of the University of Hamburg. 89 patients underwent liver resections because of colo-rectal secondaries. 82 patients could be followed for more than 1 year postoperatively. Their courses were analysed regarding the prognostic factors: age, sex, localisation of the primary tumor, size, number and localisation of metastases and radicality (R0-R1-R2-stage of resection). The results showed, that a significant prognostic influence regarding the long-term-survival rate could only be observed in patients, in which a R0-resection with a tumor-free margin of more than 1 cm was performed. In these patients the cumulative 5-year survival rate was 37% with a median survival time of 39 months. In patients with a tumor-free margin < 1 cm (R0b) the long-term prognosis did not differ significantly from cases with R1 or R2 resections (under 10%).
Adult↗
Bioequivalence of a new atenolol formulation.
A new generic drug of atenolol, Atenolol (A), (Fahlberg-List Magdeburg, Germany) was studied in comparison with standard preparation (S) in their pharmacokinetic behaviour in 12 patients under steady state conditions. The concentration-time-profile of both preparations was nearly identical. The half time of elimination was calculated for A at 6.5 h and for S at 5.9 h. From the ratio of AUC from A to S (extent of absorption) a mean bioequivalence of 103.1% (90%-confidence limits 0.85-1.21) was estimated. Corresponding values for the rate of absorption were in the mean 102.8% (90%-confidence limits 0.94-1.12).
Adult↗
[Comparison of the diagnostic methods for studying parvovirus and rotavirus infections of dogs].
79 feces samples of dogs between 7 weeks till 13.5 years of age, showing clinical signs of a hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, were tested by a commercial ELISA (DiaSystems Canine Parvo, Tech-America) for Canine Parvovirus (CPV) and by two Latex-Agglutination tests for Rotavirus (30 probes were tested by Rota Screen, 49 samples by Slidex Rota-Kit 2, both tests from BioMerieux). All samples were also examined by electron microscopy. The results of the simultaneous investigations showed 28 times positive and 28 times negative for CPV (70.9%). In 93.7% the investigations for Rotavirus-infection showed identical results by the Latex-Agglutination and electron microscopy: 73 samples were negative, one case showed a positive reaction. In 4 feces samples Rotavirus could only be detected by the Latex-test. In one sample a double-infection (CPV/Rotavirus) could be observed by all methods, in two cases the double-infection was only found by using the Latex-Agglutination. No other viruses could be found by the electron microscope than those described above. The results and the performance of the methods are discussed and compared with the data of other authors.
Animals↗
A modification of the single radial immunodiffusion potency test (SRD) for rabies vaccines.
In 1983 a WHO collaborative study showed that the single radial immunodiffusion test provided a reliable system for the assay of the glycoprotein content of inactivated rabies vaccines. We have modified the method used in the collaborative study by using round plastic plates with wells arranged in a circle. Potency estimates were made by the multiple slope ratio method and not by single slope estimation procedures adjusted for a common intercept. We carried out a statistical evaluation of the accuracy and reliability of the precipitation area calculation. We confirmed that for the purpose of the potency estimation the area calculations were sufficiently precise in most instances. By analysing the sources of variation for round and for glass plates and by testing the variability of these methods we found that the round plates were as good as the glass plates. The advantage of the round plates was mainly in the ease of their handling: the agarose solution was poured in the plates without the need for a separate mould; an integral moist chamber with these plates was readily available; the precipitation zones were measured easily using a viewer which gave fourfold enlargements and the method required less antiglycoprotein.
Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
Metabolic effects and body fat mass changes in obese subjects on a very-low-calorie diet with and without intensive physical training.
During 4 weeks, 40 obese subjects (body mass index 30-45 W/H2) were treated with a 300-kcal mixed diet alone or in combination with exercise training on a bicycle ergometer in a metabolic ward. Exercise had a minor effect on body weight, reflected by an additional fat loss of 1.7 kg (expected loss: 4.0 kg). Hyperinsulinemia was improved by diet and normalized by diet combined with exercise; a similar effect was observed regarding C-peptide levels. Plasma concentrations of epinephrine and norepinephrine decreased in both groups. At maximal work, norepinephrine levels were higher in the group with exercise. Free fatty acids and free glycerol increased at rest as well as during exercise in subjects on both regimens, the difference being more pronounced in the exercise group. Enhanced oxidation of fat was substantiated by lower respiratory quotients during endurance exercise. Working capacity increased and blood pressure decreased considerably as a consequence of physical training. It is concluded that exercise training in addition to a hypocaloric diet lowers body weight and body fat, although to a lower degree than expected. During and following bouts of exercise, fat mobilization and oxidation is enhanced, but these effects are probably counteracted at rest. On the other hand, the diet-induced deterioration of physical performance is overcompensated.
Adipose Tissue↗
[Thin layer analysis of talinolol (Cordanum) in urine--a screening method for monitoring of drug compliance in hypertensive patients].
A simple and rapid analytical method for TLC detection of talinolol (Cordanum) is described. Because of its low technical expense it can be used for routine application in clinical laboratories. Triamteren (substance of contents of Triampur comp.) is detected simultaneously. This method has till now been applied to urine specimens of 145 hypertensive patients taking talinolol (n = 95) and triamteren (n = 50). The spectrofluorimetric analysis of talinolol was used as a reference method (r = 0.95).
Chromatography, Thin Layer↗
[Combination therapy of obesity with a reducing diet and physical training. Cardiovascular and metabolic effects].
Twenty obese patients were either given a caloric restricted diet (300 kcal/d) over 4 weeks alone or underwent an additional ergometer exercise programme for up to 2 hours daily. Combination therapy resulted in an improvement of physical performance by 26% despite weight loss of 11 kg. Blood pressure could be reduced both at rest and on exercise. Blood pressure regulation and heart rate under orthostatic conditions remained unchanged for both therapeutical approaches. The effect on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism was also more favorable in patients on combination therapy than in those given a reduction diet alone. Combination of reduction diet and physical exercise is therefore superior to caloric restriction alone with regard to cardiovascular and metabolic considerations.
Adult↗
Comparative studies of two potency tests for antirabies serum: neutralization test in mice (MNT) and rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT).
At our institute the mouse neutralization test (MNT) was replaced by the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT). Therefore, RFFIT results were statistically analyzed for their percentage limits at the 95% confidence level and were compared with those of the MNT. An anti-rabies immunoglobulin of human origin and the WHO standard serum were assayed on 20 consecutive days to determine the reproducibility of the RFFIT. Sera of 60 vaccinees were assayed for rabies antibodies by the RFFIT and MNT. The titers as well as the international units per ml showed a correlation of 0.95 and 0.87 respectively. In accordance with previous publications by other authors it was found that the RFFIT is a significantly better reproducticible test system than the MNT and excellently correlates with the latter method.
Animals↗
Training-induced changes in serum lipids, fat tolerance, and adipose tissue metabolism in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.
Ten males (mean age 44 years) with primary hypertriglyceridemia were trained for 4 months 3 times/week for 1-h sessions. Eleven patients with similar physical characteristics and hypertriglyceridemia served as controls. Serum was assayed for TG and cholesterol (CH) and the various lipoprotein fractions, apoprotein A-I, glucose, insulin, and C-peptide. The removal of TG from the circulation was estimated by the Intralipid test. An open fat biopsy was taken and the incorporation and esterification of [14C]palmitate and glycerol release were measured in vitro. Following endurance physical training, serum TG and VLDL-TG decreased by 25 and 27%, respectively. No changes were observed in total CH and CH in the lipoprotein fractions or in apoprotein A-I. Fat tolerance increased slightly (+8%) whereas the incorporation of labelled palmitate into adipose tissue was reduced by 16%. The diminished incorporation was concomitant with a reduction in the esterification of fatty acids to TG (-29%). Enhanced removal of TG may contribute to the lowering of serum TG. The skeletal muscle is probably responsible for this adaptation, whereas the uptake of TG into adipose tissue is diminished.
Adipose Tissue↗
Effect of prolonged exercise on serum lipids and lipoproteins.
It has been shown that physical exercise lowers serum triglyceride levels and may increase high density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels. Understanding of the mechanisms responsible for these beneficial adaptations is still incomplete. Twenty-six men, who played soccer continuously for 64 hours to establish a world's record, were monitored for acute changes in lipid metabolism. Food intake was determined before and during the exercise period. Blood specimens were taken before and repeatedly during the match for the measurement of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (CH), glycerol, apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), and cholesterol in various lipoprotein fractions (quantitative lipoprotein electrophoresis). During exercise TG levels decreased from 116 +/- 26 to 66 +/- 13 mg/dL and CH from 180 +/- 22 to 135 +/- 25 mg/dL. Both TG and glycerol showed an initial increase followed by a continuous decrease. Alpha-CH increased by 19% whereas beta-CH and pre-beta-CH decreased markedly (39% and 78%, respectively). In contrast to alpha-CH, apo A-1 fell only slightly by 10%. These results indicate that the effect of chronic exercise on lipids and lipoproteins can be mimicked by acute prolonged exercise. Similar mechanisms may be involved in these adaptations. Moreover, the extreme length of physical exertion substantially lowered CH.
Adult↗
Circulating immune cells and immune complexes in peripheral blood of healthy and of bovine leukemia virus-infected cows and lymphosarcomatous calves.
The peripheral blood (lymphocytes and immune complexes (IC) from 20 healthy cows, 5 healthy calves, 10 bovine leukemia virus-infected cows and 4 lymphosarcomatous calves was investigated using 4 different immunological techniques. A highly significant increase in the percentage of surface immunoglobulin (SIg)-bearing peripheral blood lymphocytes of persistent lymphocytosis-cows could be demonstrated while the percentage was decreased in the lymphosarcomatous calves. Percentages of spontaneous sheep red blood cells(SRBC)-rosettes (E-rosettes) were not elevated. Antibodies to bovine leukemia virus-antigen were detected in the sera (immuno-diffusion test) of all the leukotic cows but not of the lymphosarcomatous calves. Although there seems to be an increased level of IC in the advanced stage, as compared to the beginning of the disease, there was no statistically significant difference in comparison with the control individuals. In the lymphosarcomatous calves as well as in the leukemic cows there was no statistical difference in the IC values between diseased animals and controls.
Animals↗
GLO-I studies on cattle and pig breeds in Austria.
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Animals↗
The silver-staining technique--a tool for characterizing lymphocyte populations in mammalian peripheral blood.
Nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) of the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of 9 mammalian species were analyzed by means of a silver-staining procedure. Species-specific NOR patterns were demonstrated. The number of NOR chromosomes was positively correlated with the nucleolar coefficient, and negatively correlated with the relative frequencies of uninucleolar cells in PBL interphase.
Animals↗
Lectin-induced lymphocyte stimulation in pigs--a kinetic study of NORs.
Early reactions of rRNA-cistrons in lectin-stimulated PBL cultures of domestic pigs are shown. Interphases showing 3 or more clusters of stained areas were attributed mainly to cells after first division. Clear differences are shown between PHA- and ConA-induced NOR-expression patterns compared to the patterns in PW-stimulated cultures.
Animals↗