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I V Turko

Publications and source records attributed to I V Turko.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Carbohydrate isoforms of antithrombin variant N135Q with different heparin affinities.

We have changed one of the carbohydrate-bearing asparagine residues of human antithrombin to glutamine by site-directed mutagenesis and expressed the variant antithrombin, N135Q, in baby hamster kidney cells. Two isoforms were secreted, both of which had higher affinity for heparin than human plasma alpha antithrombin. Both forms had normal inhibitory activity toward factor Xa and showed normal heparin acceleration of proteinase inhibition. The mutation resulted in a higher production of the very high affinity form from about 30% to 60% of the total secreted antithrombin. This form should be the most useful for comparison of the effects of other mutations on heparin binding and proteinase inhibition.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Transmission of conformational change from the heparin binding site to the reactive center of antithrombin.

Heparin greatly increases the rates at which antithrombin inhibits target proteinases. An important part of this rate acceleration is a heparin-induced conformational change in antithrombin. To answer the question of whether or not this change is transmitted to the reactive center, we have prepared a recombinant P1 mutant of antithrombin, R393C, labeled the cysteine with nitrobenzofuran (NBD) fluorophore, and examined the perturbation of NBD fluorescence intensity as a function of bound sulfated oligosaccharide. Two high-affinity heparins, low-affinity heparin, and dextran sulfate were used. We found (i) that binding to antithrombin of all these oligosaccharides resulted in transmission of conformational change to P1 in the reactive center, (ii) that these oligosaccharides all gave enhancements of the rate of inhibition of factor Xa beyond any contribution from surface approximation, and (iii) that the degree of perturbation of P1 correlated with the enhancement of the rate of factor Xa inhibition that was not due to surface approximation.

Antithrombins↗
PubMed1993

Heterogeneity of recombinant human antithrombin III expressed in baby hamster kidney cells. Effect of glycosylation differences on heparin binding and structure.

To determine the effects of differences in glycosylation on the structure and functional properties of recombinant human antithrombin (rHAT), we have characterized the properties of the recombinant protein overexpressed by baby hamster kidney cells. Three forms of rHAT, I-III, were isolated which differed in affinity for heparin. Form I had the lowest affinity and contained a high proportion of highly branched complex carbohydrate. Form II had higher affinity and contained both complex and high mannose-type chains. Form III had the highest affinity and was similar to form II in the type of carbohydrate present, but had a lower level of glycosylation, consistent with the absence of carbohydrate at one of the four glycosylation sites. 1H NMR spectra of plasma HAT and rHAT forms I-III suggested very similar protein structures for all forms. Heparin pentasaccharide produced almost identical NMR perturbation difference spectra. The only functional difference found was in the rates of inactivation of factor Xa. Forms II and III gave second order rate constants similar to that of plasma HAT, whereas form I gave a biphasic inhibition, with the first phase having a rate about four times that of the other forms. We conclude that carbohydrate heterogeneity does not alter the structure of the HAT polypeptide or the heparin-induced conformational change, but does affect the heparin affinity and can alter the rate of proteinase inhibition.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[IgG, modified with coproporphyrin I and the possibility of direct measurement of the antigen-antibody complex].

Modification of rabbit IgG by coproporphyrin I activated by Woodward's reagent K as well as antigen-binding and fluorescent properties of coproporphyrin-IgG have been studied. It was shown that coproporphyrin I modified IgG retains its capacity to bind the antigen. The formation of the immune antigen-antibody complex increases the intensity of coproporphyrin-IgG fluorescence.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Chemical modification of rabbit immunoglobulin G by dansylaziridine and study of the properties of modified antibodies].

To elucidate the effect of the antigen binding fluorescent thiol reagent, N-dansylaziridine (DAZ) which is sensitive to microenvironmental changes, was used for modification of the rabbit IgG hinge region cystine residue. DAZ binds to the hinge region Cys 226 as could be evidenced from the structural analysis data. Labelling of IgG with DAZ does not alter either its conformation and hydrodynamic behaviour or its antigen binding properties. Upon antigen binding the fluorescence intensity of modified IgG increases up to about 80%. This finding suggests that the interaction of antibodies with the antigen is accompanied by conformational changes in the IgG hinge region.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Cross-linking studies of the cholesterol hydroxylation system from bovine adrenocortical mitochondria.

Cytochrome P-450SCC and adrenodoxin were cross-linked with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide. The sample containing 94% of cross-linked complex and 6% of free cytochrome P-450SCC was obtained after purification on cholate-Sepharose. Cytochrome P-450SCC in cross-linked complex completely preserves its high-spin form in the presence of Tween 20 or pregnenolone. Utilization of radioactively labelled adrenodoxin, chemical cleavage of cytochrome P-450SCC from cross-linked complex with o-iodosobenzoic acid and HPLC for separation of peptides allow us to conclude that the complex of cytochrome P-450SCC with adrenodoxin was cross-linked through two amino acid sequences of cytochrome P-450SCC-Leu-88-Thr-107 and Leu-368-Gly-416. The cross-linked complex of adrenodoxin reductase, adrenodoxin and cytochrome P-450SCC with an apparent molecular mass of 114 kDa was obtained with N-succinimidyl-6-(4'-azido-2'-nitrophenylamino)hexanoate. The composition of cross-linked complex was determined by immunoblotting and by evaluation of radioactivity using preliminary N-ethyl[2,3-14C]maleimide-modified adrenodoxin. From this data it appears that the ternary complex may exist in solution.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1988

[Mechanism of electron transport in the cholesterol-hydroxylating system of adrenal cortex mitochondria: a triple complex of adrenodoxin reductase, adrenodoxin and cytochrome P-450].

A cross-linked ternary adrenodoxin reductase-adrenodoxin-cytochrome P-450scc complex with an apparent molecular mass of 114 kD was obtained, using N-succinimidyl-6-(4'-azido-2'-nitrophenylamino)-hexanoate. The composition of the cross-linked complex was determined by immunoblotting and radioactivity measurements, using N-ethyl [2.3-14C]maleimide-premodified adrenodoxin. The data obtained suggest that the ternary complex may exist in solution.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1988

[A covalently linked complex of cytochrome P-450 with adrenodoxin. Localization of the adrenodoxin binding site of cytochrome P-450].

Cytochrome P-450scc and adrenodoxin were cross-linked with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide. The sample containing 94% of a cross-linked complex and 6% of free cytochrome P-450scc was obtained after purification on cholate-Sepharose. Cytochrome P-450scc in the cross-linked complex is not reduced in the presence of NADPH and adrenodoxin reductase, but completely preserves its high spin form in the presence of Tween-20 or pregnenolone. The use of radioactive labelled adrenodoxin, chemical cleavage of cytochrome P-450scc from the cross-linked complex by o-iodosobenzoic acid and HPLC for separation of peptides demonstrated that the cytochrome P-450scc complex with adrenodoxin was cross-linked through two amino acid sequences of cytochrome P-450scc, i.e., Leu 88-Trp108 and Leu368-Trp417.

Adrenodoxin↗
PubMed1986

[Molecular organization of the reductase complex in adrenal cortex mitochondria. Study using bifunctional reagents].

The water-soluble carbodiimide, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide, homobifunctional reagent 3,3'-dithiobis (succinimidyl propionate), and heterobifunctional reagent N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate have been used to cross-link adrenodoxin reductase and adrenodoxin, components of steroidogenic electron transfer system. Though maximal yield of the cross-linked complex was achieved with the water-soluble carbodiimide, this complex was inactive in the electron transfer from NADPH to cytochrome P-450. The functionally active complex was formed with N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate. The complex was purified to the apparent homogeneity and shown to be able to mediate the electron transfer. The data obtained indicate existence of different binding sites on adrenodoxin responsible for the adrenodoxin reductase and cytochrome P-450scc binding and do not contradict to the model of the steroidogenic electron transfer in an organized complex.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1985

Cross-linking studies of steroidogenic electron transfer: covalent complex of adrenodoxin reductase with adrenodoxin.

Bifunctional reagents 3,3'-dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate), 1-ethyl 3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate have been used in an attempt to study molecular organization and covalent cross-linking of adrenodoxin reductase with adrenodoxin, the components of steroidogenic electron transfer system in bovine adrenocortical mitochondria. There was no cross-linking of individual proteins by the bifunctional reagents used, except for adrenodoxin cross-linking with water-soluble carbodiimide. Substantial cross-linking of adrenodoxin reductase with adrenodoxin was observed when water-soluble carbodiimide was used as cross-linking reagent. However, the cross-linked complex failed to transfer electrons. Significant amounts of the functional cross-linked complex (up to 42%) were observed when the proteins were cross-linked with N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate. Using gel filtration, ion-exchange chromatography and affinity chromatography on adrenodoxin-Sepharose, the complex was obtained in a highly purified form. In the presence of cytochrome P-450scc or cytochrome c, the cross-linked complex of adrenodoxin reductase with adrenodoxin was active in electron transfer from NADPH to heme proteins. The data obtained indicate that there are distinct binding sites on the adrenodoxin molecule responsible for the adrenodoxin reductase and cytochrome P-450scc binding, which suggests that steroidogenic electron transfer may be realized in an organized complex.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1985

Cross-linking studies of adrenocortical cytochrome P-450scc. Evidence for a covalent complex with adrenodoxin and localization of the adrenodoxin-binding domain.

A cleavable cross-linking reagent, dimethyl-3,3'-dithiobispropionimidate, was used to study the molecular organization of adrenocortical cytochrome P-450scc. Extensive cross-linking was found to occur, resulting in the formation of heterologous oligomers up to octamer. The covalently cross-linked complex of adrenocortical cytochrome P-450scc with adrenodoxin has been obtained by using dimethyl-3,3'-dithiobispropionimidate. In the presence of NADPH and adrenodoxin reductase, electron transfer to cytochrome P-450scc occurs in the complex, and, in the presence of cholesterol, the latter effectively oxidizes to pregnenolone. By using covalently immobilized adrenodoxin and heterobifunctional reagent, N-succinimidyl-3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate, the adrenodoxin-binding site was shown to be located in the heme-containing, catalytic domain of cytochrome P-450scc. The data obtained indicate the existence of two different sites on the adrenodoxin molecule that are responsible for the interaction with adrenodoxin reductase and cytochrome P-450scc. This is consistent with the model mechanism of electron transfer in the organized complex.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1985

Domain structure of adrenocortical cytochrome P-450scc: localization of functionally important sites in the polypeptide chain.

Cytochrome P-450scc consists of two domains linked with a short loop of the polypeptide chain; under its hydrolysis with trypsin the domains retain their associated state due to rigid noncovalent interactions. The structural characteristics of the individual domains have been investigated. It is established that domain I containing the haem and the adrenodoxin-binding site is the N-terminal, and domain II the C-terminal moiety of the polypeptide chain of cytochrome P-450scc.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1984

[Immunochemical characteristics of cholesterol-hydroxylating cytochrome P-450 from adrenal cortex mitochondria].

Highly specific antibodies against hemeprotein were obtained by immunizing rabbits with a highly purified cholesterol-hydroxylating cytochrome P-450scc from adrenocortical mitochondria. The antibodies do not specifically interact with other components of the adrenocortical electron transport chain, e. g., adrenodoxin reductase and adrenodoxin. Using double immunodiffusion technique (Ouchterlony method), it was shown that the antibodies did not precipitate the microsomal cytochromes P-450 LM2 and LM4, cytochrome b5 and 11 beta-hydroxylating cytochrome P-450 from adrenocortical mitochondria. Antibodies against cytochrome P-450scc inhibited the cholesterol side chain cleavage activity of cytochrome P-450scc in a reconstituted system. Limited proteolysis with trypsin and immunoelectrophoresis in the presence of specific antibodies revealed that antigenic determinants are present of the heme-containing catalytic domain of cytochrome P-450scc (F1) as well as on the domain responsible for the interaction with the phospholipid membrane (F2).

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1984

[Molecular organization of cholesterol-hydroxylating cytochrome P-450 from adrenal cortex mitochondria. Chemical modification with bifunctional reagents in the study of oligomeric forms].

The molecular organization of adrenocortical cytochrome P-450scc has been investigated using chemical modification with bifunctional imidates. The oligomeric organization of cytochrome P-450scc in solution has been shown. The application of dimethyl-3,3'-dithiobispropioimidate and subsequent cleavage of the modified products by reducing agents revealed the presence of two types of intramolecular cross-links: "short" at the distance of 3,0 A between the amino groups of lysine residues and "long" ones at a distance of 11,9 A. The analysis of the products, obtained by limited proteolysis of the oligomeric forms of the cross-linked cytochrome P-450, by two-dimensional electrophoresis has shown that the cross-links are formed between the functional domain (fragment F1) and domain responsible for the interaction with the phospholipid membrane (fragment F2). A model for cytochrome P-450scc molecular organization has been suggested on the basis of the obtained results.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chemical modification of rabbit IgG with N-dansylaziridine. Investigation of the properties of dansylated antibodies.

To elucidate the effect of antigen binding fluorescent thiol reagent, N-dansylaziridine (DAZ), which is sensitive to the changes in the microenvironment, was used for modification of rabbit IgG hinge region cysteine residue. DAZ binds to hinge region Cys 226 as evidenced by the structural analysis. Labelling of IgG with DAZ does not alter its conformation, hydrodynamic behavior, nor its antigen binding properties. Upon antigen bindings, the fluorescence intensity of modified IgG increases about 80%. This result indicates that interaction of antibodies with antigen is accompanied by the conformational changes in the IgG hinge region.

Amino Acid Sequence↗