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Biomedical subjects

I V Rakhmanova

Publications and source records attributed to I V Rakhmanova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[The role of active audiological examination of infants in detection and prevention of hearing disorders].

In screening examination of 202 young children attending kindergartens, acoustic impedance audiometry has detected children (44%) with hearing problems. Endoscopic examination of the nasopharynx demonstrated that conductive hypoacusis resulted from hypertrophy of adenoid vegetations of different degree and chronic adenoiditis. These data emphasize the role of active audiological examination of young children in detection and prophylaxis of acoustic disorders.

Audiometry↗
PubMed2006

[Impact of sound signals of high intensity on the acoustic analyzer].

Guinea-pig experiments were made for objective assessment of the effects of high-intensity noise on the acoustic analyzer. Noise with intensity above 100 dB for 11 hours is accompanied with thresholds rise by 20 dB. In some animals hearing loss was observed for several weeks after discontinuation of a sound impact. In the presence of initially high conductive hypoacusis intensive sound load may cause short-term sound threshold lowering with further damage to neurosensory cochlear elements.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1993

[Morphofunctional characteristics of the cat spiral ganglion in neurosensory hypoacusis].

Morphofunctional disorders in spiral ganglion in animals of different groups of age with neurosensory hardness of hearing due to ototoxic antibiotics have been shown. Antibiotic intoxication in kittens in early postnatal period arouses essential deviation from normal process of development of neurocytes in spiral ganglion. In the first rate low level of their metabolic activity must be shown. Delay of differentiation of neurocytes makes essential influence on the development of spiral ganglion as the unit of transmission of audio-information. The main feature of morphofunctional disorders in neurocytes of ganglion of grown-up animals is inhibition of protein synthesis mechanism activity.

Aging↗
PubMed1990

[An experimental basis for cochlear prosthesis].

The experimental studies on cochlear prosthesis, performed at the II Moscow's medical Institute since 1981, are described. Electrophysiological and morphological results from the trial of an original electronic prosthesis, which transduces sound into electric oscillations, are presented. Data are given on morphological studies, referring to the influence of cochlear implants on the basal curve of the cochlea, to the internal structures of the cochlea and of the acoustic zone in the cortex of the large hemispheres. The results from the performed experiments show the efficiency of the described method for cochlear prosthesis and the possibility for its usage in the clinical practice.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[The auditory area of the cat cerebral cortex after implantation of electrodes into the inner ear (morphologic and biophysical research)].

The article presents the findings of experimental studies of morphological and biophysical changes in the A1 hearing zone of the cerebral cortex depending on the period of the electrodes implantation in the inner ear. The studies showed that in the process of long implantation in the neurones of the hearing zone one can notice the disorders of water-electrolytic exchanges. There is a definite correlation between structural changes in microsome membranes of A1 zone and morphological data.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Use of the spin label method for studying the structure of the brain membranes in cats with streptomycin poisoning].

The structural changes in cat brain membranes under the injections of intramuscular streptomycin which is ototoxic antibiotic have been studied. The increase of membrane microviscosity in brain areas which are the direct projection of the auditory way has been revealed using fat acidic spin probe on the basis of stearic acid. The changes in membranes of other brain areas have not been found that exhibits a specific streptomycin influence on the auditory analyzer. The EPR spectra of the hydrocarbon spin label C12H25 localizing in near membrane region don't change in brain membranes of experimental animals compared with the normal ones.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Morphologic basis for cochlear implantation in the cat].

The cat cochlear structure has been studied in 20 temporal bones. Owing to the preparations of the osseous cochleae investigated, certain anatomical parameters have been revealed; a detailed anatomo-topographic analysis on relations of the cochlear coils with the cochlear fenestra, the vestibular fenestra is presented. This gives a spatial notion on arrangement of the internal cochlear structures. The data obtained makes it possible to choose a precise place for electrode introduction and direction for their course along the coils. In its turn, this prevents trauma of the functional elements of the cochlea and, thus, contributes to stimulation effect.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in the membrane structure of the brain microsomes in cats with electrodes implanted in the inner ear].

Using spin-labels it was shown that electrode implantation into the cats scala media resulted in structure reconstruction of microsome membranes of auditory zones in cats brain. Membrane fluidity increased but there was no change of surface potential. The changes of microviscosity were found during the first month after the implantation. Five months later the order parameter returned to the mean valve for cats in control group without electrodes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effects of cochlear implant on the morphofunctional state of spiral ganglion neurocytes].

This paper discusses the effects of cochlear implantation on spiral ganglion neurocytes. It presents morphometric data and hearing measurements obtained from the treated animals. Cochlear implantation led to the death of some neurons and compensatory rearrangement of others. The number of the survivors was greater than that of degenerative cells. The functional variations were consistent with changes in the quality of spiral ganglion neurons and amplitude of the SSP EP peak at different postoperative intervals.

Animals↗