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Biomedical subjects

I Turesson

Publications and source records attributed to I Turesson.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Comparison of trends in the incidence of multiple myeloma in Malmö, Sweden, and other countries, 1950-1979.

Dramatic increases in mortality from multiple myeloma have been reported in the United States and the United Kingdom over the past three decades. To assess what fraction of this increase, if any, might be attributable to a change in the incidence of this disease, we examined the incidence of multiple myeloma during 1950 to 1979 in Malmö, Sweden, a city chosen because of its medical community's longstanding interest in this disease. The average annual incidence rates per 100,000 population were 4.9 for males and 3.7 for females (adjusted to the European age-standardized population). These rates are among the highest in the world. Unlike secular trends for myeloma in the United States and the United Kingdom, where large increases in mortality rates have been reported, the rates in Malmö have increased only slightly, and the increase was restricted to males, suggesting the possibility of environmental causes. We suggest that the rates in Malmö may represent the asymptote of myeloma's incidence that will be approached in other white populations as case ascertainment among them becomes complete.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The influence of fraction size in radiotherapy on the late normal tissue reaction--I: Comparison of the effects of daily and once-a-week fractionation on human skin.

A comparison of the normal tissue reactions to daily and once-a-week fractionation was performed on postoperatively irradiated bilateral parasternal fields in patients with breast cancer. Both schedules resulted in identical acute skin erythema and pigmentation. However, the development of telangiectasia was significantly more pronounced after once-a-week fractionation. These findings imply that the Cumulative Radiation Effect (CRE) formula has to be modified. The slope of the iso-effect dose versus number of fractions was 0.24 for acute skin reactions and estimated to be about 0.34 for late skin reactions at a dose level equivalent to 46 Gy in 2 Gy fractions with conventional fractionation. The beta/alpha ratio was 0.12 Gy-1 for acute and about 0.31 Gy-1 for late effects, for 200 kV X rays.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

The influence of fraction size in radiotherapy on the late normal tissue reaction--II: Comparison of the effects of daily and twice-a-week fractionation on human skin.

A comparison of the normal tissue reactions to daily and twice-a-week fractionation over 4 to 6 weeks was performed on postoperatively irradiated parasternal fields in patients with breast cancer. The radiation used was electron beams at 12-13 MeV. We have previously reported that the overall treatment time was of importance for establishment of iso-effect relationships for the acute skin erythema. In this paper we present the degree of telangiectasia after 5 years. Generally, a more pronounced late reaction was found after twice-a-week fractionation than was predicted from the acute reactions. The findings imply that the cumulative radiation effect (CRE) formula has to be modified for both acute and late reactions in certain clinical situations. The main conclusion is that the iso-effect relationship varies significantly over the dose range used in clinical radiotherapy. In the dose range of 30 fractions between 1.6 and 2.1 Gy in 6 weeks, the slope of the curve for iso-effect dose versus number of fractions varies between 0.26 and 0.35, the beta/alpha-ratios between 0.22 and 0.37 Gy-1 and the RBE 2 Fractions/week/5 Fractions/week between 1.97 and 1.82.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

The influence of the overall treatment time in radiotherapy on the acute reaction: comparison of the effects of daily and twice-a-week fractionation on human skin.

A comparison of the acute skin erythema and pigmentation after daily fractions of 2 Gy and twice-a-week fractions of 4 Gy was performed on post-operatively irradiated parasternal fields in patients with breast cancer. The radiation quality used was electron beams with an energy of about 12 MeV. The overall treatment time varied between 4 and 6 weeks. The two schedules were also compared for an overall treatment time of 10 weeks, with a rest period of 3 weeks after 4 weeks of irradiation, followed by another 3 weeks of treatment. With 5 to 6 weeks irradiation, daily fractions resulted in a significantly more pronounced skin erythema (p less than 0.05) than twice-a-week fractions, corresponding to about 10% in terms of absorbed dose. With 4 weeks irradiation and split-course therapy, the acute reactions were identical with both schedules. We interpret these findings as indicating a radiation-induced accelerated repopulation of the basal cells in the epidermis, with a fairly abrupt onset after 4 weeks. The higher effect after more frequent fractions of smaller size would be expected from a sensitizing effect of redistribution. In conclusion, the overall treatment time is of importance for establishment of iso-effect relationships for acutely responding tissues. The implication is that different fractionation parameters used in models to predict equivalent radiation effects of different fractionation schedules also vary significantly with the overall treatment time.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Multiple small fractions per day versus conventional fractionation. Comparison of normal tissue reactions and effect on breast carcinoma.

Hyperfractionation (3 fractions of about 1.0 Gy/day) and conventional fractionation were compared in two studies. In the first, the acute skin reactions, erythema and pigmentation, and the development of telangiectasia were analysed on postoperatively irradiated bilateral parasternal fields in patients with breast carcinoma. In the second study, the tumour effect in patients with inoperable breast carcinoma was investigated under conditions of equivalent normal tissue reactions for both fractionation schedules. With hyperfractionation the late-responding normal tissue was spared relative to the acutely responding normal tissue about 5% in absorbed dose. Concerning the therapeutic effect on adenocarcinoma of the breast 3 X 1.0 Gy/day was not better than 1 X 2.4 Gy/day. These daily doses resulted in equivalent late effects as was predicted from the normal tissue study.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

The influence of irradiation time per treatment session on acute and late skin reactions: a study on human skin.

A comparison of the radiation effect of altering the treatment time per session in fractionated radiotherapy was performed on human skin with 12 MeV electrons. Four fractions of 7.2 Gy were given within 22 days, once a week. The dose per fraction was administered in 4 min and 32 min, respectively. The dose rate was about 2 Gy/min and the prolonged treatment time was achieved by dividing each dose fraction into three equal subfractions with intervals of 14-15 min. Prolongation of the treatment time resulted in a significant reduction of the skin erythema (p less than 0.001), pigmentation (p less than 0.05) and the degree of telangiectasia at 5 years (p less than 0.001). The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for the prolonged (32 min), in relation to that of the short (4 min) treatment time, RBE4 min/32 min, was 1.09-1.10 for erythema and 1.07-1.12 for telangiectasia. These findings indicate that prolongation of the treatment time per session has to be adjusted for in clinical radiation oncology.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

[Radiotherapy of cancer of the vocal cords. Report on 287 patients].

Therapeutic results in 287 glottic and subglottic carcinomas stage I-IV are reported. After primary irradiation and salvage surgery of recurrences the actuarial 10 year-NED probability for tumours with normal mobility of the vocal cords was 78%, for those with impaired mobility it was 60% and for tumours with complete fixation in stage III it was only 27%. The relative actuarial 10 year-survival probability of the same groups were 96%, 82% and 35%. Salvage surgery was performed in 48/51 patients (94%) with radioresistent tumours or recurrences and was successful in 37/48 (77%) of the patients. The larynx could be saved in 162/210 (77%) curative irradiated patients. Primary irradiation can be recommended as the method of choice in glottic carcinoma T 1 + 2. It can be proved also in T3-tumours as alternative to preoperative irradiation and laryngectomy if adequate follow-up is possible, otherwise combined preoperative irradiation and laryngectomy is preferred. Dose levels equivocal to CRE 19 are recommended for curative irradiation of T 1 + 2 N0-tumours. For more advanced tumours T3 + 4 and cervical metastases greater than 3 cm about 10% higher doses are needed. Different fractionation schedules for curative and preoperative irradiation are discussed. A highly significant dose-effect relation was found for dose levels above and below CRE 18.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1984

[Radiotherapy of supraglottic cancers. Report on 84 patients].

Ten of 84 supraglottic carcinomas were treated by primary surgery, 32 by pre or post operative irradiation and 41 by primary irradiation and salvage surgery if recurrence developed. A comparison of the treatment results between these groups is not possible because of the lack of randomization. After follow up of 4.4 years (range 0,1-19, 7 y) 44% of the patients had died of their primary tumour or complications of treatment, 22.5% had died of intercurrent disease and 11% of other malignancies. The actuarial 5-year survival in the pre/postoperatively irradiated group was 75%, 100% and 67% for Stage I-III respectively. None of the 13 patients in Stage IV survived 5 years. The actuarial 5-year survival for the Stage I-IV irradiated patients was 91%. 67%, 82% and 42%. If possible the primary treatment should preserve the larynx, which is of great importance for the patient's quality of life. With proper selection supraglottic laryngectomy is possible for certain tumours of Stage I and II. For more advanced tumours and those not suitable for partial laryngectomy, well planned curative irradiation should be given with "reducing field" technique allow for salvage surgery for radioresistant tumours or recurrences. A total dose of 62-72 Gy 5 x 2 Gy per week for 6-8 weeks is needed depending on the stage of the tumour. Preoperative irradiation in clearly operable tumours can be given with a short course of 5 x 5 Gy over 5 days as the method of choice. In doubtfully operable tumours conventional preoperative irradiation with 30-40 Gy in 3-4 weeks is preferable.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1983

Effect of 50 kV irradiation on enzyme activities of growing rat bone. A histopathologic and enzyme histochemical investigation.

Young rats were exposed to 2, 5, 8 and 10 Gy 50 kV local irradiation. The epiphyseal region of the proximal tibia was examined with histopathologic, histochemical and enzyme histochemical methods 1 to 90 days after irradiation. One day after irradiation, a decrease in alkaline phosphatase activity was noted and increased activity was found for acid phosphatase, NADH2-diaphorase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, especially after 8 and 10 Gy, but also after 5 Gy. Three days after irradiation, all enzymes showed an increased activity and on day 7 the findings resembled those on day 3. Thirty days after irradiation, a return to normal conditions was observed. The most marked morphologic changes were swelling of cells in the hypertrophic cell zone, disturbed order of cells in the zone of proliferation and an increased number of osteoclasts in the metaphyseal bone. These alterations appeared 1 to 3 days after irradiation and normal morphology was seen on day 30 after 2, 5 and 8 Gy and 90 days after irradiation with 10 Gy.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

[Pre- and postoperative irradiation of the mammary carcinoma].

There are different indications for the pre-, per- and postoperative treatment of mammary carcinomas with certain or doubtful operability. Based on clinical examinations, the clinical effect of pre- and postoperative irradiation on the incidence of loco-regional recurrences and distant metastases is explained. The resulting therapy suggestions are discussed. Instead of radical surgery or modified radical surgery in case of subclinical and little carcinomas less than 3 cm, a simple ablation of the tumor with adequate subsequent irradiation is recommended. The therapy results of conservative treatments published hitherto are presented.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Preleukemic syndrome simulating SLE. A case report.

A 70-year-old man presented with symmetrical arthritis and arthralgias, Raynaud's phenomenon, pleurisy, fever, maculopapular erythema, leuko- and thrombocytopenia, anemia, antinuclear antibodies and hypocomplementemia. His bone marrow morphology was normal. During therapy with corticosteroids he developed pulmonary tuberculosis which responded well to tuberculostatic treatment. Approximately one year after onset of his initial symptoms, myeloblasts were seen in the blood and a few weeks later the bone marrow showed a myeloblastic leukemia. The patient did not respond to cytostatic treatment and died six weeks later. Although this patient presented symptoms suggesting the diagnosis of SLE, in retrospect his condition probably represented an unusual type of preleukemic syndrome.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Cellular expression of the non-HLA-DR B-cell antigen 7420: studies on non-lymphoid cells and on lymphocytes from different species.

We recently reported on a heterologous antiserum (antiserum 7420), raised against chronic lymphocytic leukaemic lymphocytes, that reacts with B-lymphocyte antigen(s) different from known B-cell markers such as HLA-DR (Ia-like) antigens, surface immunoglobulin, and the Fc receptor. This antiserum is now shown to react also with a C3-receptor-positive population of lymphocytes from the dog, monkey, ox and sheep but not from rodents and avians. The antiserum does not react with the non-lymphoid human cells mature granulocytes, thrombocytes, erythrocytes, or spermatozoa, nor with the cultured cell lines tested, i.e. fibroblasts, melanoma cells, HeLa cells and green monkey kidney cells. This reactivity pattern differs somewhat from that reported for HLA-DR antiserum. The antigen(s) defined by the 7420 antiserum and the C3 receptor are different, since they redistribute independently on the lymphocyte surface.

Absorption↗
PubMed1980

Irradiation injury of bone tissue. A vital microscopic method.

A vital microscopic method using the titanium chamber for observation of bone irradiation injury in situ is described. The subsequent development of bone tissue resorption and replacement with a pathologic immature bone could be observed and recorded.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Plasma concentrations of misonidazole.

The plasma concentrations of misonidazole doses between 0.6 and 2.0 g/m2 were analyzed in respect to the variation within the same patient and between different patients. Peak plasma levels were observed after 2 hours. The mean plasma levels of misonidazole only at 3 hours were 23.8, 47.0 and 76.5 microgram/ml after misonidazole doses of 0.6, 1.2 and 2.0 g/m2, respectively. The half-life of misonidazole only was found to be 8.2 hours for women and 10.5 for men. Good linearity between plasma levels and drug doses was observed after administration of different single doses to the same patient within the dose range 0.6 to 2.0 g/m2.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗