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Biomedical subjects

I Taylor

Publications and source records attributed to I Taylor.

355 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Factor X-activating procoagulant in normal and malignant breast tissue.

Factor X-activating activity (FXAA) was determined by a chromogenic assay in normal and malignant breast tissue. FXAA was found in all tissue (n = 38) irrespective of pathology, and the activity of normal tissue was similar to that of tumours. FXAA correlated with tissue hemoglobin in normal breast (p less than 0.02) but not in tumours. FXAA was markedly reduced by aluminium hydroxide, barium citrate, anti-human factor VII, DFP, PMSF and phospholipase C, but was unaffected by iodoacetamide and mercuric chloride. It is concluded that FXAA is a serine protease with the properties of a tissue factor-factor VII complex. FXAA occurs in normal and malignant breast tissue, although the 'normal' activity may be an artefact of the homogenization process.

Adsorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Health care delivery systems: effects on surgical education.

In the United Kingdom recent changes in government health policy and a reduction in junior doctors' hours are likely to have an effect on surgical training. These changes are occurring at a time when there is increasing specialization in surgical care, which necessitates careful organization of surgical training programs. This paper reviews the interaction of these factors in influencing our attitudes toward surgical training.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Facilitation by partial hepatectomy of tumor growth within the rat liver following intraportal injection of syngeneic tumor cells.

The effects of both mechanical trauma and regeneration on the growth of intraportally injected tumor in the rat liver were investigated using two-thirds partial hepatectomy (PH). Tumor grew at the excision scar when PH was performed less than 2 days before tumor injection (34/34 animals). However, when the PH was performed 4-7 days before injection, tumor developed within the regenerating lobe, but not at the scar (50/51). Injecting the same cell dose into rats with intact livers caused few tumors to develop in 12/30 animals. Intraportally injected 51Cr-labelled tumor cells distributed uniformly in the liver irrespective of the time after PH. Patterns of tumor take seen at different times after PH were not due to selective trapping of the injected cells. Liver extracts showed that epidermal growth factor-like activity was unaltered by PH, while heparin-binding growth factor activity peaked at 2 days post-PH, before the incidence of tumor growth in the parenchyma increased. We observed two peaks of DNA synthesis at days 1 and 4 post-PH by pulse labeling with [125I]deoxyuridine and bromodeoxyuridine. Bromodeoxyuridine immunohistochemistry showed the first peak to be confined to hepatocytes. The second peak involved non-hepatocytes and coincided with the beginning of enhanced tumor take in the regenerating lobe.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hypertrophied muscular bands in the region of the foramen of Bochdalek as a cause for an accessory fissure within the liver.

Within the right lobe of the liver a linear echogenic band with two parallel sonolucencies within it (accessory fissure) was noted on both real time and static scans of 11 patients over a one-year period. Examination of 27 cadavers was performed to ascertain the etiology of this band and demonstrated three with diaphragmatic bands. In two cadavers the band occurred in a location compatible with the echogenic line noted on ultrasound. The embryonic origin of the diaphragmatic band is presumed to be the anterior edge of the foramen of Bochdalek.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An empirical analysis of two forms of extinction to treat aggression.

We compared the effectiveness of two extinction interventions, extinction by omission and noncontingent delivery of reinforcement, to treat aggressive behavior with a 10-year-old boy. Before the intervention, a functional analysis revealed that aggression was maintained by positive reinforcement in the form of attention. The extinction by omission intervention consisted of ignoring aggressive behavior. Noncontingent reinforcement involved delivering attention to the boy on a fixed-time schedule. Both treatments were compared using a multielement research design. Noncontingent reinforcement produced a more rapid elimination of aggression. Additionally, the schedule of noncontingent reinforcement was gradually thinned during the intervention. Finally, both parents successfully implemented the noncontingent schedule of reinforcement independently for up to 5 weeks after treatment.

Aggression↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of vasopressin on hepatic artery flow in the rat.

The effects of vasopressin infusion on hepatic artery flow was studied in rats. Hepatic artery ligation followed by the infusion of vasopressin (0.08 microU/g body weight per min) decreases portal venous flow and liver blood flow. Vasopressin infusion results in an increase in hepatic artery flow and liver blood flow both of which are abolished by subsequent hepatic artery ligation. The increase in hepatic artery flow and the decrease in portal venous flow following the infusion of vasopressin is discussed in relation to the management of patients presenting with bleeding oesophageal varices.

Animals↗
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Alternate-site testing.

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Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗
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Principles of adjuvant therapy.

The use of an additional modality to improve surgical treatment of cancer is well established when dealing with some cancers but controversial with others. The reasons for this are complex, not least because the biological mechanisms by which tumour growth and metastasis occur are still imperfectly understood. This article summarises the most important applications of adjuvant therapy, with particular reference to breast and colorectal cancer.

Breast Neoplasms↗