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Biomedical subjects

I Strauss

Publications and source records attributed to I Strauss.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Neural pathways between sacrocaudal afferents and lumbar pattern generators in neonatal rats.

Projections of sacrocaudal afferents (SCA) onto lumbar pattern generators were studied in isolated spinal cords of neonatal rats. A locomotor-like pattern could be produced by SCA stimulation in the majority of the preparations. The SCA-induced lumbar rhythm was abolished after blocking synaptic transmission in the sacrococcygeal (SC) cord by bathing its segments in a low-calcium, high-magnesium artificial cerebrospinal fluid and restored when the synaptic block was alleviated by local application of calcium onto specific SC segments prior to SCA stimulation. Thus the SCA evoked lumbar rhythm involves synaptic activation of relay neurons in the SC cord. Functional activation of these relays depends on non-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors because the lumbar rhythm was abolished when the non-NMDA receptor antagonist CNQX was added to the SC cord. By contrast, pharmacological block of the rhythmicity in the SC cord by specific antagonists of NMDA receptors and alpha1 and alpha2 adrenoceptors did not impair the SCA-induced lumbar rhythm. Midsagittal splitting experiments of parts of the SC and lumbar cord revealed that crossed and uncrossed ascending/propriospinal pathways are coactivated by SCA stimulation. We suggest that these pathways ascend onto the thoracolumbar cord through the lateral, ventrolateral, and ventral funiculi, because a complete block of the lumbar rhythm could only be obtained with a bilateral interruption of all of these funiculi. The relevance of our findings to the neural control of the rhythmogenic networks in the spinal cord is discussed.

2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate↗
PubMed1997

Histological and 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging analysis of quinolinic acid-induced damage to the rat striatum.

NAA has been described as a neuron-specific compound. NAA levels as determined by magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) have been used to determine degree of neuronal loss in several neurological diseases, but there has been limited work to document the accuracy and reliability of this technique. This study addresses this question quantitatively with histological analysis of cell viability and tissue shrinkage in quinolinic acid (QA)-induced damage of the rat striatum compared with 1H MRSI measurement of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) as a noninvasive measure of neuronal loss. Both 1H MRSI and histology detect damage to the lesioned striatum; however, there are differences in the degree of damage as assessed by the two methods. Although partial-volume effects and tissue shrinkage may decrease the sensitivity of MR to such damage, the sparing of axons by QA may be another important factor in the differences in assessment. These results indicate that further studies of NAA metabolism and its distribution within neurons are warranted.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Ultrasound cystometry with reference to urinary bladder form and bladder filling].

In 103 patients we performed sonographic determination of the volume (V) of the urinary bladder, being the product of the transversal (q), ventrodorsal (t) and craniocaudal (h) diameters, and compared this with the excreted volumes of urine. Depending on the shape and filling of the bladder we found different correlations from which it was possible to calculate three correction factors (F) for the formula V = (q x t x h) x F:F = 1.25 for volumes less than 150 ml; F = 0.9 for spherically sagittal section and volumes greater than 150 ml. The factor 0.5 given in most textbooks on sonography will in the majority of cases result in underestimating the urinary bladder volumes. Accurate sonocystometry taking the shape and filling into consideration is imperative for performing follow-up and treatment monitoring in neurogenic disturbances of voiding of the bladder or occlusive disturbances of flow in the region of the urethra.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Serum creatinine in patients with spinal cord injury.

In a group of 18 male patients with spinal cord injury, we found serum creatinine to be within normal limits or only minimally elevated despite significant reduction in creatinine clearance. In 8 control subjects with serum creatinine between 1.0 and 1.5 mg/dL (88.4 and 132.6 mumol/L), the measured creatinine clearance was 66.4 +/- 28.2 mL/min. In contrast, in the 5 patients with spinal cord injury whose serum creatinine was in the same range, the measured creatinine clearance was only 31.0 +/- 19 mL/min. Urinary creatinine excretion was lower in patients with spinal cord injury than in the 18 male controls (653 mg/24 hr vs. 1505 mg/24 hr). The decreased urinary creatinine could not be explained by differences in age, sex, or body weight. We calculated the relationship of creatinine clearance (Ccr) and serum creatinine (Scr) in patients with spinal cord injury to be given by the equation Ccr (mL/min) = 45/Scr (mg/dL), r = 0.73. We recommend timed urine collections for creatinine to estimate creatinine clearance accurately for clinical evaluation of patients with spinal cord injury.

Creatinine↗
PubMed1981

Experimental studies on the cardiological effects of ipriflavone on the isolated rabbit heart and in rat and dog.

7-Isopropoxy-isoflavone (Ipriflavone) treatment of rabbits for 8 days at daily oral doses of 30 mg/kg significantly decreases the oxygen consumption of their isolated hearts. In anoxia this effect is more pronounced. 10-day oral treatment of rabbits with 10 or 20 mg/kg/day of ipriflavone led to a significant decrease of the lactic acid content in the myocardium, especially, in the ischaemic region. A 6-day oral pre-treatment of rats with 30 mg/kg/day of ipriflavone significantly decreases the coronary ligation-induced damage of the mitochondria and myofibrils. Electron microscope autoradiography shows that ipriflavone significantly counteracts the coronary ligation induced calcium accumulation in the mitochondria. Ipriflavone seems to influence the mitochondrial energetics in a positive manner. It has an oxygen sparing effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Indications for surgical treatment of urotuberculosis (author's transl)].

The importance of the finding of specific antibodies in urotuberculosis and its importance for surgical indications are emphasized. The various antibodies and their evaluation in the followup of urotuberculosis are described. Case reports are given to show the value of the immunology in tuberculosis for the surgical selection of patients.

Adult↗