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Biomedical subjects

I Singh

Publications and source records attributed to I Singh.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Socioeconomic factors and cesarean section in Manipur.

There has been a great change in the household duties and social habits by Manipuri women since World War II, particularly in recent years. Those born after the war have virtually abandoned the old duties and habits, which facilitated the labor process, for modern and Western traditions. In the past, there was hardly any health care program during pregnancy. Every woman, irrespective of socioeconomic status, performed all household work herself. The type of dwelling house, its setup and arrangements for its maintenance also influenced the ease of childbirth. An analysis of the effects of socioeconomic changes and the expanded health care program on the incidence of cesarean section is presented.

Cesarean Section↗
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Dermoid (hairy polyp) of the nasopharynx.

Dermoids or hairy polyps, the most primitive forms of teratoma are rare lesions affecting the nasopharynx. They arise during early embryogenesis, being derived from only two germinal layers, ectoderm and mesoderm and are invariably benign. They usually present at or soon after birth with signs of upper aerodigestive tract obstruction. A case of hairy polyp of nasopharynx in a neonate is reported for its rarity. The etiology of teratomas, their classification in head and neck region, clinical features, and management in neonates are discussed.

Dermoid Cyst↗
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Foreign body airway in neonates.

Two cases of foreign body in neonates less than one month of age are reported. Although foreign bodies in neonates are unknown but the possibility should not be overlooked even in neonates especially with sudden onset of respiratory distress, cough or hoarseness in absence of fever.

Dyspnea↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Schwannoma of infratemporal fossa in a young child.

Schwannomas in children are rare. A nine-year-old boy presented with swelling right side of face and proptosis for 4 months. CT scan showed a heterogenous mass in the right infratemporal fossa and extending to the posterior ethmoid. There was erosion of the bony walls of the infratemporal fossa. A biopsy through the sublabial approach was reported as schwannoma. The tumour was approached by Weber-Ferguson approach and excised in toto with complete relief of symptoms.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mitochondrial abnormalities in CLN2 and CLN3 forms of Batten disease.

The storage of subunit c of mitochondrial ATP synthase, other hydrophobic peptides, and autofluorescent pigment in both late infantile (CLN2) and juvenile (CLN3) neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, but not in infantile (CLN1), has raised the question of abnormal mitochondrial function. We now report a partial deficiency in three types of fatty acid oxidation in intact skin fibroblasts from CLN2 and CLN3 patients, but not CLN1. We observed a statistically significant 33% reduction in palmitate (beta-oxidation; mainly mitochondrial) and lignocerate (beta-oxidation; mainly peroxisomal), and a 50% reduction in phytanic acid (alpha-oxidation; mainly peroxisomal) in the absence of exogenous carnitine. In contrast, when we measured fatty acid beta-oxidation (lignoceric acid and palmitic acid), in the same human skin fibroblasts, following lysis in the presence of carnitine, we found no difference in enzyme activity among normal, CLN1, CLN2, and CLN3. However, we did observe a 40% reduction in peroxisomal particulate (bound) catalase activity in CLN1 and CLN2 fibroblasts, which typically results from organellar lipid accumulation or a membrane abnormality. However, total catalase levels were normal, and Western blot analysis of this and three other major oxidant protective enzymes (Mn-dependent superoxide dismutase [MnSOD], CuZn-dependent superoxide dismutase [CuZnSOD], and glutathione peroxidase) were normal in CLN1, CLN2, and CLN3, as well as in liver from an animal (English Setter dog) model for CLN, which shows similar pathology and subunit c storage. Our data showing differences between CLN1 and forms CLN2 and CLN3 suggest some type of mitochondrial membrane abnormality as the source of the pathology in CLN2 and CLN3.

Animals↗
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Goldenhar's syndrome.

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Goldenhar Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endogenous inhibitors of human choline acetyltransferase present in Alzheimer's brain: preliminary observation.

We have previously demonstrated the presence in Alzheimer's disease brain of an endogenous inhibitor of choline acetyltransferase activity. Selected properties of these compounds were investigated. There appear to be two distinct classes of inhibitor present, both phosphomonoesters and nonphosphorylated substances. They are not proteins, pass through 500 mm dialyses membranes and are not lipoidal. There are both different sensitivities of individual control cytosotic activity to inhibition and differences in intrinsic inhibitory activity present in individual Alzheimer's disease brain samples. There is a competitive type of inhibition with respect to acetyl CoA as substrate and a noncompetitive type with respect to choline as substrate.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Myopathy in an infant with a fatal peroxisomal disorder.

An infant with neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy experienced extreme hypotonia and virtually continuous convulsions at four months of age and died. Light and electron microscopic examination revealed evidence of myopathy and the presence of mitochondrial inclusions. Concentrations of very long-chain fatty acids were elevated in blood and fibroblasts and the oxidation of 14C-labeled fatty acids was defective. Urinary pipecolic acid content was increased. Activity of the peroxisomal dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase, which catalyzes the first step in plasmalogen synthesis, was decreased.

Acyltransferases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The utility of transesophageal echocardiography in the management of renal cell carcinoma with intracardiac extension.

The accurate assessment of the distal extent of vena caval invasion of renal cell carcinoma into the hepatic veins, inferior vena cava, and right atrium is critical before surgical resection. We present two cases of renal carcinoma with vena caval extension in which preoperative transesophageal echocardiography accurately assessed tumor extent and guided surgical therapy. The role of transesophageal echocardiography in comparison to other diagnostic modalities is discussed.

Aged↗