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Biomedical subjects

I Shapira

Publications and source records attributed to I Shapira.

177 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Initiation of ventricular tachycardia by supraventricular beats.

9 patients (6 males and 3 females, age 5-69 years) with ventricular tachycardia induced by supraventricular beats are reported. 3 patients had had previous myocardial infarction, 1 patient had mitral valve prolapse and in 5 patients no organic heart disease could be demonstrated. Ventricular tachycardia was initiated by a single atrial premature beat in 4 patients, double atrial premature beats in 3 patients (in 1 of them following exercise), by nonsustained AV nodal tachycardia in 1 patient, by rapid atrial pacing in 3 patients and exercise-related ectopic atrial tachycardia in 1 patient. Programmed ventricular stimulation induced ventricular tachycardia in all patients in whom the tachycardia was induced by atrial stimulation. Verapamil abolished sustained ventricular tachycardia in 1 of the 3 patients in whom this drug was administered. Hypotheses are made on the electrophysiological mechanisms of the arrhythmias and clinical implications are listed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Incidence of erysipelas following venectomy for coronary artery bypass surgery.

The incidence of erysipelas in extremities used for saphenous vein donation was evaluated by interviewing 302 patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass surgery. Erysipelas occurred in 6.2% of patients, and was twice as common as in patients with a history of varicose vein stripping. The difference, however, was not statistically significant.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reduced leukocyte adhesiveness in response to viral versus nonviral infection/inflammation.

BACKGROUND: Viral infection differs from nonviral infection/inflammation by not producing a significant acute phase response. Since inflammation can cause increased adhesiveness of peripheral white blood cells (WBC), we compared these adhesive properties in individuals with viral infection to those with nonviral infection/inflammation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The state of leukocyte adhesiveness/aggregation in the peripheral blood of patients with viral versus nonviral infection/inflammation was examined in 101 consecutive patients with acute febrile disease. RESULTS: A significant difference was found between the two groups; 13.6 +/- 7% for viral infection versus 22.8 +/- 8.5% for nonviral infection/inflammation (p < 0.0001). There was also a significant difference in the concentration of fibrinogen (361 +/- 109 mg/dl vs 554 +/- 172 mg/dl, p < 0.0001), and in the CD11b/CD18 cell surface expression (175 +/- 66 vs 210 +/- 100 in peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes). CONCLUSION: The results of this study could explain, at least in part, the differential adhesive behavior of the WBC in the peripheral blood in the two populations.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of vasoactive response of left and right internal thoracic arteries to isosorbide-dinitrate and nitroglycerin: an in vitro study.

OBJECTIVE: The internal thoracic artery (ITA) is the most important graft in coronary artery bypass grafting. Its distal region is, however, prone to vasospasm. We studied the effects of nitroglycerin (NTG) and isosorbide-dinitrate (DSDN) on distal segments of left versus right ITA. METHODS: Rings of distal segments (6 to 9 mm proximal to bifurcation) of the human left and right ITA were studied. After baseline contraction of the rings, achieved using 60 mmol/L of KCl, they were exposed to increasing doses of ISDN and NTG (10 to 100 microg/ml), and dose-response curves were recorded. RESULTS: The contractile response of left ITA rings to KCl were significantly lower than those of right ITA rings (1.87 +/- 0.25 g versus 3.5 +/- 0.61 g, p < 0.005). Both nitrates inhibited the contractile response in a concentration-dependent manner, with relaxing effects of ISDN higher than those of NTG (p < 0.01) in both left and right ITA rings. CONCLUSIONS: The distal segment of the left ITA is less prone to vasospasm than that of the right. ISDN has a considerably higher relaxant effect on this segment than NTG. We therefore recommend favoring high doses of ISDN over NTG as an antispastic measure.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Updated review of the coronary artery bypass grafting option in octogenarians: good tidings.

This review of the literature is presented in an attempt to keep pace with the constantly changing statistics in postsurgical outcomes, which reflect the considerable strides in technology and technical skills that have been made during the past decade in cardiovascular surgery. Although there is still much to be done in terms of improving surgical techniques and managing emergency cases, the reported results of coronary artery bypass grafting in octogenarians are similar to or even better than those obtained with medical or angioplastic approaches, and the life expectancy and quality of life are similar to or better than those of age-matched controls.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Work status after coronary artery bypass operation.

Cost benefit arguments have been advanced for the coronary artery bypass graft operation. Most patients experience improvement in symptoms and many can return to a productive livelihood. To estimate the rate of return to work and identify the factors influencing the outcome, we analysed the work status before and after operation in 100 consecutive patients undergoing CABG operation. Overall relief or improvement in symptoms was accomplished in 80% of the patients and there was a 5% net increase to the work force after surgery. Of all variables studied, preoperative work status and the educational level, symptomatology and patency of the CABG (in the 62 patients in whom this parameter was checked) were found to be the most relevant predictors of the postoperative return to work. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery appears to be a positive intervention for improving the work status of patients with severe coronary artery disease.

Aged↗