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Biomedical subjects

I Schiff

Publications and source records attributed to I Schiff.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Effects of estrogens on sleep and psychological state of hypogonadal women.

A double-lind crossover study involving 16 hypogonadal women compared the effects of placebo and conjugated estrogens, 0.625 mg daily, on gonadotropin levels, symptoms, sleep patterns, and psychological state. After one month, serum concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone fell 31%, and levels of luteinizing hormone, 19%; the number of vasomotor flushes also decreased. The administration of estrogens was also associated with a shorter mean sleep latency, a longer period of rapid eye movement sleep, and a positive correlation between psychological intactness (as clinically ranked) and latency to sleep onset. Psychological testing, including the Clyde Mood Scale, and the Gottschalk-Gleser Test indicated that estrogens caused this group to be less outwardly aggressive but more inwardly hostile.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Testicular testosterone concentration following testicular vein ligation.

UNLABELLED: A rat model to study the local effects of testicular vein ligation is described. One hour after unilateral testicular vein ligation, the testicular concentration of testosterone was significantly greater (P less than 0.01) on the side that was ligated than in the contralateral testis (177.1 +/- 19.7 [SEM] ng/gm of tissue as compared with 108.8 +/- 11.8 ng/gm of tissue, respectively). This effect was not seen 1 week after the testicular vein ligation. The testosterone concentration in the ligated testis was also higher than that in sham-operated animals. These differences in testicular testosterone concentration were not associated with changes in peripheral serum testosterone levels. CONCLUSION: ligation of the testicular vein causes an acute rise in the testicular concentration of testosterone and may thus mediate changes in testicular function.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Vaginal absorption of estrone and 17beta-estradiol.

In order to study estrogen absorption from the vagina, 0.5 mg of unconjugated estrone (E1) or 17beta-estradiol (E2) was administered vaginally to 10 postmenopausal patients. A 29-fold increase in plasma E2 and a 4-fold increase in plasma E1 concentrations were observed 1 hour following the vaginal deposition of 0.5 mg of E2. Maximal decreases of 25% and 37% in plasma levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), respectively, were observed at 5 hours following treatment. One hour after vaginal administration of 0.5 mg of E1, a 24-fold increase in plasma E1 and a 3.7-fold increase in E2 were observed. These increases were associated with a 30% decrease in plasma FSH and LH. These data indicate that the vaginal administration of E2 or E1 may be used to achieve physiologic blood levels of these estrogens. They further suggest that vaginal estrogens not be used in patients in whom systemic estrogen therapy is contraindicated.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Serum luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone responses to gonadotropin-releasing factor in males with varicoceles.

Five infertile males, ages 25 to 35, with oligospermia and varicocele had following gonadotropin-releasing hormone (LRF) infusion a rise of serum follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone levels which was not different from that of normal fertile males. The response of these hormones to LRF infusion was unaltered by spermatic vein ligation, but a significant elevation of the sperm count occurred. Thus, improvement in sperm count following spermatic vein ligation is not mediated via changes in peripheral gonadotropin or testosterone concentrations.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone on prolactin levels in males unrelated to stress or behavioral changes.

Hormone levels, physiologic parameters, electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, and changes in subjective feelings recorded using a nonverbal instrumental device were assessed following the double-blind intravenous administration of 500 micrograms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) or placebo to five normal males. Within 30 minutes of GnRH administration, prolactin (PRL) levels had risen by 4.3 +/- 1.2 ng/ml (mean +/- SEM) from a baseline of 8.5 +/- 0.9 ng/ml (overall increase P less than 0.005 vs. baseline, P less than 0.001 vs. placebo); maximally stimulated values had a mean of 16.7 +/- 2.3 ng/ml. The PRL elevations measured in absolute terms significantly correlated with increases in luteinizing hormone (LH) (r = 0.97) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) (r = 0.89). No changes in physiologic parameters or EEG activity occurred in response to GnRH, nor were any behavioral responses found. The increase in PRL following GnRH was specifically shown to be unrelated to experimental stress or the behavioral effects of GnRH.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Estrogen and progestin therapy to prevent osteoporosis: attitudes and practices of general internists and gynecologists.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess combined hormone therapy (CHT) prescribing patterns, possible impediments to CHT prescribing, and use of endometrial biopsy to monitor therapy. DESIGN: Mailed questionnaire survey. SUBJECTS: Gynecologists and general internists at two Boston teaching hospitals. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Based on a 71% response rate, 72% of internists and 100% of gynecologists reported ever having prescribed CHT. Almost 60% of internists, compared with 8% of gynecologists, reported that over half of their female patients were older than 50 years of age. By logistic regression analysis of the internists' data, female gender of physician (odds ratio 11.0), belief that CHT decreases myocardial infarction risk (odds ratio 3.4), and knowledge of CHT's benefits and risks (odds ratio 2.8) were associated with prescribing. Endometrial biopsy was performed by a majority of physicians only when unexpected vaginal bleeding occurred and in cases of unclear menopausal transition. Physicians who were concerned about litigation were seven times more likely to perform baseline endometrial biopsy. CONCLUSIONS: In the authors' sample, as well as nationally, internists are more likely to provide care for menopausal women. Among internists, gender and knowledge are strongly associated with CHT prescribing. These findings have important educational implications if internists are to routinely provide information and counseling to women about osteoporosis and CHT.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Temporal trends in human semen parameters in New England in the United States, 1989-2000.

The current study explores trends in semen parameters in New England in the United States. A retrospective review was performed of 551 semen analysis records from 1989 to 2000 at Vincent Memorial Andrology Laboratory of Massachusetts General Hospital. After age adjustment, semen pH and motility significantly increased 0.05 units/year and 2.33%/year, respectively, while sperm with normal morphology decreased 0.33%/year. Sperm concentration showed a small upward trend. The year of birth in the present study ranged from 1932 to 1981; 2% were born between 1932 and 1941, 13% between 1942 and 1951, 48% between 1952 and 1961, 36% between 1962 and 1971, and 1% were born between 1972 and 1981. There were significant positive relationships between year of birth and semen volume (0.04 mL/1-year interval increase in year of birth) and motility (0.61 percent/1-year interval increase in year of birth), as well as with sperm concentration and morphology. Overall, there were temporal and year of birth trends in several human semen parameters.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interlaboratory interprotocol comparison of indirect immunobead assay for sperm-associated antibodies in serum.

This investigation was designed to study the effect of two different protocols on the indirect sperm-associated antibody test on serum performed using Bio-Rad immunobead (IBT) at two andrology laboratories. Aliquots of 31 serum samples from infertile couples were analyzed by both protocols. The IBT was negative by both protocols (100% concordance) for 18 serum samples. Seven of the 13 remaining samples were positive by both protocols (> or = 10% bead attachment by protocol A and > or = 20% bead attachment by protocol B), for a concordance of 54%. The remaining six samples were positive by one of the two protocols. The overall concordance for positive and negative results was 81% (25 of 31 samples). Protocol A detected a higher percentage of bead attachments for IgG and IgA, while protocol B detected a higher percentage of bead attachments for IgM. The discordance in the results of IgA attachment obtained by the two protocols was statistically significant (p < .05). A standardized, uniform protocol for the indirect IBT is needed.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation and management of menstrual dysfunction in athletes.

The prevalence of menstrual dysfunction is greater among athletes than in the general population. Many factors undergo change during the course of an athletic training program and any or all of these may contribute to disturbances in menstrual cyclicity. All athletes with oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, or menarcheal delay require thorough evaluation to rule out serious pathological conditions, since the diagnosis of exercise-associated menstrual dysfunction can be made only by excluding other etiologic factors. Most athletes who have these problems should be treated to prevent undesirable sequelae.

Amenorrhea↗