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Biomedical subjects

I Sato

Publications and source records attributed to I Sato.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

When is the optimal time for delivery?--Purely from the fetuses' perspective.

To determine when the extrauterine environment becomes safer than the intrauterine environment with respect to fetal (neonatal) life, we analyzed all 4,896,505 livebirths, all 21,222 stillbirths, and all 7,513 early neonatal deaths after 26 weeks gestation that were recorded between 1989 and 1992 in Japan. Although the risk of early neonatal death ( < 1 week of age) and of neonatal death ( < 4 weeks of age) greatly exceed the risk of stillbirth at 26 weeks of gestation, those risks declined sharply by 39 weeks of gestation, then increased, while the risk of stillbirth within 1 and 4 weeks exceeded the risks of early neonatal death and of neonatal death at and beyond gestational weeks 40 and 38, respectively, for a singleton pregnancy. A similar reversal occurred at 37 and 35 weeks of gestation for multiple pregnancy. Neonates born at 39 and 37 weeks of gestation for singleton and multiple pregnancies, respectively, had the best outcome. It is concluded that the chance of survival for fetuses reaching 40 and 37 weeks of gestation for singleton and multiple pregnancies, respectively, were higher in the extrauterine than the intrauterine environment in Japan today.

Delivery, Obstetric↗
PubMed1995

Evaluation of latex agglutination test for alpha-fetoprotein in diagnosing rupture of fetal membranes.

To assess the utility of a latex agglutination test for alpha-fetoprotein in vaginal fluid for diagnosing rupture of the fetal membranes, we tested 91 pregnant women, including 32 with an established rupture, 19 with no evidence of rupture and 40 with a suspected rupture. Results were compared with those of the pH indicator and the fern tests. The latex agglutination test had better sensitivity, specificity, or both, than the pH indicator and the fern tests. We conclude that the latex agglutination test is more accurate than either the pH indicator or the fern test for diagnosing premature rupture of fetal membranes.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Whole-body retention and fetal uptake of 65Zn in pregnant mice fed a Zn-deficient diet.

Whole-body retention and fetal uptake of 65Zn under a Zn-deficient diet were studied in pregnant mice in the late gestational stage after a single oral administration of 65Zn. Whole-body retentions were much greater in mice given a Zn-deficient diet than in those given a Zn-normal diet. Accordingly, the amount of 65Zn transmitted to the offspring in utero was greater in the Zn-deficient diet group. In another experiment, fetal uptake of 65Zn in dams on gestation day 17 was examined over a period of 24 hr after a single intravenous administration of 65Zn to the Zn-deficient and Zn-normal animals. There was no major difference in fetal uptake between the two groups, indicative that approximately a similar proportion of the 65Zn retained in the maternal body was transmitted to the in utero offspring in both groups.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), nitrite and nitrate in the cerebrospinal fluid in meningitis, multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Recent evidence suggests the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in inflammation and demyelination in the brain. To test this hypothesis, we measured NO markers in the cerebrospinal fluid from patients with bacterial meningitis (BM), aseptic meningitis (AM), multiple sclerosis (MS), and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Subjects with non-inflammatory neurologic diseases served as the controls. NO markers were cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) measured with an enzyme immunoassay, and nitrite and nitrate measured with the Griess reaction. Except for BM, cGMP was not increased in AM, MS or GBS compared with the controls. Nitrite and nitrate were unaltered in any of the groups studied. These results do not support the hypothesis that NO is increased in the brain in meningitis, MS or GBS. Otherwise cGMP, nitrite and nitrate in the cerebrospinal fluid do not reflect the increase in NO in the brain.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Three-dimensional structure of the perimysium in sternocleidomastoid muscle.

The morphology of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) of human fetuses, ranged from 12 to 32 weeks gestation, was investigated by a light microscopy and a scanning electron microscopy. The collagenous fibers of the perimysium of the SCM formed complex structures from 24 weeks gestation by contrast to fibers of the endomysium of the SCM. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the bundle of muscle fibers and the CSA of the individual muscle fibers of the SCM increased during development from 12 to 32 weeks gestation, in a process linked to the development of the perimysium. Therefore the perimysium affects and controls to the muscle fiber of the developed SCM and acts to resisting stretch forces in the movements. The changes in the arrangement and development of the collagenous fibers in the perimysium may be correlated to with these of the muscle fibers.

Clavicle↗
PubMed1995

Morphology of the nerve terminals of laryngeal muscles in the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata).

Laryngeal muscles, namely, the cricothyroid (CT), lateral crico-arytenoid (LCA), thyrio-arytenoid (TA), posterior crio-arytenoid (PCA), interarytenoid (IA) muscles, of Japanese monkeys (body weight, 4.4-8.3 kg; 3-10 years old, male) were examined histologically and by light and scanning electron microscopy. The diameter of muscle fibres with nerve terminals in the CT of the Japanese monkey was larger than that of other laryngeal muscles. However, the areas of nerve terminals varied among laryngeal muscles. The mean diameters of nerve terminals of the CT and PCA were large and basically resembled those of other laryngeal muscles. They contribute mainly to maintenance of phonation which the adductor muscles contribute mainly to postural adjustments of the cartilage. The differences in features of nerve terminals of each muscle suggest the CT and PCA may contribute mainly to the frequency or pitch of voice and intensity of the voice during vocalization and to respiration.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Classification of the ophthalmic artery that arises from the middle meningeal artery in Japanese adults.

In a study of Japanese adults, we found that the orbital branch (OB) passing through the superior orbital fissure frequently anastomosed with the lacrimal artery or the ophthalmic artery (12/20). However, the OB passing through the meningo-orbital foramen (mof) only associationaly anastomosed with branches of the ophthalmic artery (4/79). Furthermore, the OB in the orbit, excluding the lacrimal gland as previously reported. We examined 116 cases in which the OB passed through the mof in 129 adult Japanese cadavers (45.0% in 258 sides). The OB passing through the mof was always distributed to the periorbital region and the area that it supplied was limited to the periorbita in about half of those cases. In another half of the cases (58/116), the area supplied included the lacrimal gland.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Distribution of the macromolecular components of masticatory muscles during differentiation of the muscle fibers in the postnatal rat.

The distribution of collagen fibers of rat masticatory muscles during the postnatal period (two weeks), was investigated by electrophoresis and immunohistochemistry. At these stages, the myosin of rat masticatory muscles displays specific electrophoretic patterns. Comparison of the myosin patterns of these muscles allows their identification. 1) Analysis by SDS-PAGE indicated that one of three weakly reactive stainable proteins with lower mobility than the heavy chain of myosin disappeared from the temporal muscle on day 13, as compared with other masticatory muscles. However, in histochemical analysis of the muscle fibers, the reaction specific for succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) activity was strong, and the fibers on day 13 could be classified into two types with respect to SDH activity. By contrast, on day 0, the fibers were classified into two types with respect to myosin ATPase activity. 2) Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that the distribution of the components of the extracellular matrix in the epimysium (type I collagen), perimysium (type I collagen, fibronectin, and laminin) and endomysium (type III collagen, fibronectin, laminin, and tenascin) was related to the metabolic capacity on days 12 to 13. The variability in the types of myosin and in proteins of the extracellular matrix might be important during the development of rat masticatory muscles.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Traumatic carotid-cavernous aneurysm after removal of cancer of the upper jaw: a case report].

A case of a traumatic carotid-cavernous aneurysm after removal of cancer of the upper jaw was reported. A 63-year-old male complaining of massive epistaxis from the left nostril was admitted to our clinic. He had suffered from cancer of the left upper jaw and had been treated with radical operation. During the surgical procedure, massive bleeding which was considered to be from the left internal carotid artery, suddenly occurred. The hemorrhage was somehow controlled by packing with oxidized cellulose. He experienced recurrent massive epistaxis after admission. Cerebral angiograms revealed an anterior-medially projecting aneurysm arising from the cavernous portion of the left internal carotid artery. He had a good cross circulation from right to left on compression of the left carotid artery. This aneurysm at the carotid-cavernous portion was produced as a result of injury during an operation for cancer of the upper jaw. To prevent disastrous bleeding from the aneurysm, the aneurysm was then successfully treated by the trapping of extra-and intracranial carotid ligation in combination with left STA-MCA anastomosis. There was no recurrence of epistaxis after the operation. However, a low-grade fever persisted before operation and a blood culture showed MRSA sepsis after the operation. Intensive chemotherapy was performed for this MRSA sepsis, he died of the accompanying DIC. Although aneurysmal epistaxis following a severe closed head trauma is a well-known phenomenon, an iatrogenic carotid-cavernous aneurysm presenting with recurrent massive epistaxis is rare. Several comments were made about the iatrogenic carotid cavernous aneurysm, and the necessity of early diagnosis and treatment was emphasized.

Aneurysm, Ruptured↗
PubMed1995

Metabolism of 3-acetylcoumarin in rat 9000xg supernatant fraction (S-9)and baker's yeast.

In the incubation of 3-acetylcoumarin in rat liver supernatant fraction (S-9), four metabolites were isolated, and two of which were inseparable diastereomeric mixture as a major product. However, when 3-acetylcoumarin was fermented with baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), only two compounds were obtained as the same as the above mixture. The structures of those metabolites were confirmed by NMR and Mass spectra. However, the above metabolites in rat 9000xg supernatant fraction were not induced by phenobarbital, nor inhibited with SKF-525A at all.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Halothane reduces the inhibition of dorsal horn lamina V type neuronal activity induced by bradykinin injection into the femoral artery contralateral to the recording site].

Effect of halothane (0.2%, 0.5%, and 1.0%) on spinal function were studied in lamina V type cells responding to noxious and light touch applied at their cutaneous receptive field on the foot pad of the left hind paw. Extracellular unit activities of lamina V type cells were recorded at the lumbar level in six cats and thirteen spinal cats. When intra-arterial injection of bradykinin (BK) 10 micrograms into the femoral artery ipsilateral to the recording sites was used as the noxious test stimuli, six of these cells (100%) were found to have inhibitory response in six intact cats and thirteen of these cells (100%) were found to have excitatory response in thirteen spinal cats. On the other hand, when the injection of 10 micrograms into the femoral artery contralateral to the recording sites was used as the noxious test stimuli, six of these cells (100%) were found to have inhibitory response in six intact cats and six of these cells (46%) were found to have inhibitory response in thirteen spinal cats. We studied the effect of halothane on the inhibition induced by BK injection into the femoral artery contralateral to the recording sites in six intact cats and six spinal cats. Halothane 0.2%, 0.5% and 1.0% reduced the inhibition of dorsal horn lamina V type neuronal activity induced by BK injection.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[5-FU concentrations in the blood and tumor tissue after 5'-DFUR or UFT administration in the patients with uterine cervical cancer].

In order to verify the antitumor activity of fluorinated pyrimidine drugs, we conducted an investigation of the clinical pharmacology with two drugs, 5'-DFUR and UFT. Total 21 cases of cervical cancer were alloted randomly into 5'-DFUR group (daily dose 800 mg for 3 days) consisting of 11 patients and UFT group (daily dose 600 mg for 3 days) consisting of 10 patients, the unchanged substances (5'-DFUR in the 5'-DFUR group and tegafur concentrations in the UFT group) and 5-FU concentrations in serum and tissues were measured 6 hours after administration of the drugs. The 5'-DFUR concentration in the 5'-DFUR group was not detected in serum and less than a detectable limit for all of cancerous tissues, normal cervical tissues, and lymph nodes. The tegafur concentrations in the UFT treated group was 13.8 +/- 7.0 micrograms/ml for serum, 10.4 +/- 6.4 micrograms/g for cancerous tissues, 14.1 +/- 7.3 micrograms/g for normal cervical tissues, and 4.5 +/- 4.2 micrograms/g for lymph nodes. The 5-FU concentrations in the 5'-DFUR treated group were 0.018 +/- 0.046 micrograms/g for cancerous tissues, but less than a detectable limit for serum and normal cervical tissues. On the other hand, in the UFT group, 0.271 +/- 0.247 micrograms/g for a cancerous tissue, 0.035 +/- 0.018 micrograms/ml for serum, 0.125 +/- 0.073 micrograms/g for normal cervical tissues, showing significantly high values (p < 0.01, p < 0.001, and p < 0.01, respectively) compared to those in the 5'-DFUR treated group. These results suggest that UFT is a promising drug for the treatment of cancer of the uterine cervix.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

Characterization of the 84-kDa protein with ABH activity in human seminal plasma.

In order to identify the blood group substance detected on the sperm plasma membrane (SPM), a plasma membrane preparation was obtained from the sperm soluble protein and then injected into a rabbit to produce an anti-SPM antibody. An anti-SPM antibody-binding affinity column specifically bound 6 polypeptides with molecular masses of 135 kDa, 84 kDa, 78 kDa, 67 kDa, 54 kDa and 20 kDa from seminal plasma. Among these polypeptides, the 84-kDa protein (p 84) showed ABH antigenic activity upon immunoblotting. When viable, motile sperm were incubated at 37 degrees C in the culture medium, they became capacitated and p 84 was released into the medium from the sperm surface after 3 h of incubation, indicating that p 84 is a sperm-coating antigen. Immunoblotting of sexual glands revealed that this protein is originated from the seminal vesicle. Its immunological properties were similar to those of lactoferrin. When seminal plasma was immunoprecipitated with anti-human lactoferrin antiserum, the immunoprecipitates contained both p 84 and ABH antigenic activity. The amino acid sequence of the N-terminus of p 84 was determined to be: G-R-?-R-?-S-V-Q-W-?-A-V-S-Q-P-E-A-D-K-?-F-Q-W-Q-R-N-M-R-K-V-R-G-P-?-V or P-S?-?-I. Although this sequence is highly homologous to lactoferrin, the 18th residue is different (p 84, D; lactoferrin, T). These data suggest that p 84 is the protein which has not been identified and bears the ABH antigen. A sandwich ELISA using anti-SPM antibody was able to bind p 84 and allowed determination of the ABO blood type of semen and saliva, but detected no ABH antigenic activity in breast milk, vaginal fluid, erythrocytes, serum or urine. These results suggest that p 84 is the best candidate for ABO blood typing of semen when contaminating vaginal fluid is present.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1995

[Anesthetic management of a patient with cardiac sarcoidosis].

We report the anesthetic management of a patient with cardiac sarcoidosis. Cardiac sarcoidosis is characterized by a high incidence of complete atrioventricular block, right bundle branch block, and ventricular arrhythmias. Cases of sudden death during stable cardiac function have been reported. Therefore, careful anesthetic management is necessary. The patient was premedicated with scopolamine, intramuscularly. Before the induction, he received lidocaine, propranolol, and pentazocine, intravenously. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam and vecuronium, and the trachea was intubated. Anesthesia was maintained with nitrous oxide, sevoflurane in oxygen. Anesthetic method adapted to prevent severe complications including sudden death resulted in good condition of the patient during the perioperative period.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[The study of the biological activation induced by the lymphocyte transfusion--the induction of the bio-reproducing protein (BRP)].

A small amount of allo-lymphocytes were transfused to tumor bearing hosts to introduce tumor antigen. We found the lymphocyte transfusion significantly effective for the treatment of cancer, of animals and of human as well. We also found that by using a small amount of anti-cancer agents together, this treatment was effective for peritonitis/pleuritis carcinomatosa. Furthermore, we took the ascites and/or the pleural fluid from those peritonitis/pleuritis carcinomatosa patients at their remission stage, and fractionate the fraction V by the alcohol fractionation method from the supernatant of the fluid, and transfuse it back to the patient for the purpose of improving hypoproteinemia, and we found the fraction effective for the cure of the cancer. We designated this fraction the bio-reproducing protein (BRP). The clinical test treatments using the BRP were performed for terminal stage cancer of digestive system, respiratory system, mammary, and others with the efficacy of 76 percent. The detail analysis of the characteristics and the working mechanism of the BRP is in progress.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Regio- and stereo-selective oxidation of phenylbutane by rat liver.

Regio- and stereo-selective oxidation of butylbenzene (1) has been examined in vitro by rat liver supernatant fraction(S-9). When phenylbutane (1 ) was incubated at 37 degrees C for 1 hr with S-9, asymmetric oxidation occurred regioselectively at benzylic and omega-1 positions to afford preferentially (R)- and (S)-alcohol (2, 4), respectively. This enzymatic propensity was the case for the production of 1, 3-diols. (1R, 3S)- or (1R, 3R)-Butanediols(3a, 3b) were also obtained at 87% and 27%, respectively. This oxidation was induced by phenobarbital (PB) or beta-napthoflavone(beta-NF), and significant sex-related differences in control and PB pre-treated rats have been observed. Since these oxidations were inhibited with SKF-525A and CO, it was inferred that cytochrome P-450 was responsible for the oxidation.

Animals↗