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Biomedical subjects

I Sasaki

Publications and source records attributed to I Sasaki.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Acute gastric ulceration in rats with obstructive jaundice with special reference to gastric mucosal blood flow.

The mechanism of acute gastric ulceration in rats with obstructive jaundice was investigated in terms of the changes in the gastric mucosal blood flow, and the effect of vagotomy on ulceration was examined. 188 Sprague-Dawley rats weighing about 250 g were prepared and divided into 4 groups as follows; control group (sham operation), jaundiced group (ligation of the bile duct), vagotomized group (vagotomy with pyloroplasty), jaundiced and vagotomized group (simultaneous ligation of the bile duct and vagotomy with pyloroplasty). Two weeks after the operation, water immersion and restraint stress procedures were performed in these 4 groups. The gravity of acute gastric ulcerations was calculated by ulcer index. The gastric mucosal blood flow was measured by hydrogen clearance technique. The following results were obtained: In control group, ulcer index was increased and gastric mucosal blood flow was decreased after the stress procedures. The jaundiced group showed significantly higher ulcer index and early significant decrease of gastric mucosal blood flow after the stress procedures compared to the control group. The vagotomized group showed significantly decreased ulcer index after the stress procedures compared to the control group, however, the gastric mucosal blood flow showed almost the same values as the control group. The jaundiced and vagotomized group showed significant decrease of ulcer index and improvement of decrease of gastric mucosal blood flow compared to the jaundiced group. These results indicated that the gastric mucosal blood flow plays an important role in the occurrence of acute gastric ulceration in rats with obstructive jaundice, and vagotomy might be useful to prevent them by maintaining gastric blood flow in obstructive jaundice.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effect of ileo-jejunal transposition on intestinal adaptation after total colectomy in dogs.

The effect of ileo-jejunal transposition (IJT) on the intestinal adaptation after total colectomy was investigated in 4 mongrel dogs. Hyperenteroglucagonemia was observed in the IJT with colectomy group, especially in postprandial state. Obvious hyperplastic changes were observed in all part of the small intestinal mucosa in the colectomy with IJT group. However, there were no significant differences in body weight changes between the colectomy with IJT group and the colectomy group. Postprandial plasma gastrin levels were lower in the colectomy with IJT group compared to the control. These results suggest that IJT causes hyperenteroglucagonemia and intestinal mucosal hypertrophy in colectomized dogs. Enteroglucagon may have an inhibitory effect on postprandial gastrin release.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1987

[The analyses of intestinal microcirculation by histometrical studies of arterial media in Crohn's disease].

On the assumption that the ulcerogenesis in Crohn's disease is closely linked with intestinal ischemia, we studied the pattern of vascular reaction of resected specimen using the technic of histometry. The atrophy of media in peripheral arterioles, indicating the presence of ischemia was notable not only in Crohn's disease but also in other benign bowel diseases except for ulcerative colitis. Eighteen cases of Crohn's disease could be divided into two groups. In 11 cases of type I group, the thickening of media, suggesting the appearance of vascular resistance, was shown in the distal mesenterial arteries. On the other hand, in seven of type II group, the atrophy of media was observed in the mesenterial arteries as well as arterioles, suggesting the vascular resistance exists in upper stream arteries. These changes were observed even in the disease-free areas. Since the intimal thickening becomes apparent after the appearance of medial change, intimal change may be occurred secondarily but may be one of the factors which accelerate ischemia. These results suggest that the ischemia plays an important role in ulcerogenesis, and microcirculatory disturbance is specific in Crohn's disease.

Arteries↗
PubMed1987

[Surgical management of perianal lesions in Crohn's disease].

Perianal lesions associated with Crohn's disease are often intractable and require surgical intervention. Among 28 patients surgically treated in our department, 16 patients manifested perianal complications consisted of four periproctal abscesses, eight anal fistulas, three skin tags and one anal fissure. The incidence of perianal lesions was higher in ileocolic type than in colic and ileal type. In half of our patients perianal lesions preceded the diagnosis of Crohn's disease, and they often gave the important clue for the diagnosis. The perianal lesions seemed to be independent of the activity of the intestinal lesions. The surgical treatments for the perianal lesions were performed on 13 patients and the results were satisfactory in most cases. But the results were very poor in four patients with rectal involvement. Two of them were obliged to undergo proctectomy because of the severely diseased anorectal lesions. Therefore radical surgery should be considered in patients whose perianal lesions are quiescent, and the severity of the rectal lesion was considered to be the major factor which decides the prognosis of the patients.

Abscess↗
PubMed1987

[Effect of pancreatic juice diversion on gastric acid and gut hormone secretion].

In an effort to clarify the effect of pancreatic juice diversion (PJD) on the gastric acid and gut hormone secretion, models of PJD and non-PJD were prepared in dogs with Heidenhain pouch (HP). Two types of operative procedures, pancreatico-jejunostomy with Roux-Y reconstruction as a PJD model (RY group), and pancreatico-jejuno-duodenostomy using interposed jejunum as a non-PJD model (INT group) were carried out. The results were obtained as follows. 1. Both endocrine and exocrine function of the pancreas were preserved by either procedure. 2. Gastric acid secretion from HP after test meal ingestion was significantly increased postoperatively in RY group and was not affected in INT group. 3. Postprandial secretion of gastrin was not affected by these operative procedures in both RY and INT group. Secretion of GIP was significantly suppressed in RY group and was not changed in INT group. Secretion of enteroglucagon was significantly increased in both groups. These results indicate that significant increase of postprandial gastric secretion as shown in RY group is conceivably based on the significant suppression of GIP secretion produced by PJD.

Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y↗
PubMed1986

Effects of endogenous and exogenous secretin on plasma pancreatic polypeptide concentrations in dogs.

The effects of exogenous and endogenous secretin with or without intravenous glucose infusion upon islet hormone secretion were studied in four conscious mongrel dogs fitted with a duodenal fistula. Intravenous infusion of secretin for 1 h at doses of 0.5 and 4 U/kg raised plasma secretin concentrations to physiological and pharmacological levels respectively, without affecting plasma insulin and pancreatic polypeptide concentrations. In contrast, bolus injections of secretin at high concentrations produced significant increases of plasma insulin at 0.5 U/kg and 4 U/kg and of pancreatic polypeptide at 4 U/kg. Plasma glucagon did not change during intravenous infusion of low dose secretin (0.5 U X kg-1 X h-1), but decreased during infusion of 4 U X kg-1 X h-1 or bolus injection of secretin (0.5 U/kg). Intravenous infusion of glucose together with secretin (0.5 U/kg and 4 U/kg) did not affect plasma insulin, glucagon, or pancreatic polypeptide levels significantly compared with the changes caused by glucose infusion alone. Intraduodenal instillation of HCl, which produced plasma secretin concentrations similar to those evoked by intravenous infusion of secretin (4 U X kg-1 X h-1), led to a rise in plasma pancreatic polypeptide. It is concluded that the stimulatory effects of secretin on insulin and pancreatic polypeptide and the inhibitory effect on glucagon are pharmacological, and that increase of plasma pancreatic polypeptide after intraduodenal infusion of HCl is not mediated by endogenous secretin.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Long term follow-up of surgical treatment for ulcerative colitis--with special reference to recurrence and the quality of life.

From 1961 to 1984, fifty-one patients with ulcerative colitis were surgically treated at Tohoku University Hospital. The results of various types of surgical treatments for ulcerative colitis were analysed and discussed with special reference to recurrence and the quality of life at the time of follow-up. Total colitis and left-sided colitis were observed in 42 and 9 patients, respectively. There were five operative deaths. Thirteen patients received total proctocolectomy and 38 patients received various types of conservative operations at the first operation. In seven patients there was a recurrence of the disease in the retained colon or rectum and proctocolectomy with ileostomy was carried out. Forty-six patients were followed. Four died of other diseases and two were lost to follow-up. The periods of follow-up after the final operation ranged from 3-29 years. The types of operative procedures were ileostomy in 19, ascendicostomy in 14, ileoproctostomy in 6 and ascendicoproctostomy in 1 patient. Following treatment of recurrence of the disease, in most patients who had undergone various surgical treatments, favorable results of quality of life were attained, even in those with ileostomy. These results indicate that it is important to select the most proper types of operative procedures for surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis by individualizing each case.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Influence of obstructive jaundice on acute gastric ulcer, intragastric pH and potential difference in rats.

To elucidate the influence of obstructive jaundice on the process of acute ulceration of the stomach under stress loading and to investigate the preventative effect of vagotomy, a series of experimental studies were carried out using SD rats. Animals were divided into four groups: Control, jaundice, vagotomy and jaundice with vagotomy. Each group was subjected to the water immersion-restraint stress and changes in the potential difference of gastric mucosa (PD), the intragastric pH (pH) and the score of ulcer index at sacrifice (UI) were measured. The process of acute ulceration under the stress loading was shown to be accelerated by the weakening of defensive factors in the case of obstructive jaundice. To monitor changes of pH and PD was found to be useful to predict the manifestation of gastric lesion. Vagotomy seemed to be partly effective to prevent the ulceration evidenced by lowering aggressive facter (an increase of pH), but it may also decrease the defensive factor because the vagotomy produced a significant lowering of PD.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Experimental studies on the influence of simultaneous ligation of the bile and pancreatic ducts upon gastric acid secretion and gut hormones.

The influence of simultaneous ligation of the bile and pancreatic ducts on gastric acid secretion and gut hormones, particularly gastrin and secretin, was studied in 5 dogs with a Heidenhain pouch. In addition, the pH of the duodenal content was measured in 2 dogs with a duodenal fistula. Tests in response to a test meal were done during the control and observation periods. In all of the 5 dogs the mean 24 hr-acid output from the Heindenhain pouches showed a significant increase from 199 to 564%. Plasma gastrin levels during the fasting showed no significant change, but the peak response to the test meal significantly decreased from 83.6 +/- 4.4 pg/ml (mean +/- S.E.) before the ligation to 42.1 +/- 4.2 pg/ml after the ligation. Plasma secretin levels were significantly elevated after the ligation both during fasting and after the test meal. The pH of the duodenal contents after the test meal was lower after the ligation than before. These results suggest that gastric hypersecretion induced by the simultaneous ligation of the common bile and pancreatic ducts is not related simply to release of gastrin, and further hypersercretinemia may depend on gastric hypersecretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[The influence of biliary diversion on canine gastric acid secretion and gut hormones].

The effect of biliary reconstruction on gastric acid secretion and gut hormones was studied. Canine models undergoing either surgical biliary diversion or jejunal exclusion were compared and the following results were obtained. The acid output from Heidenhain pouch after test meal loading remained in the same levels in the cholecystoduodenostomy (CD) group, the Thiry-Vella's fistula (TVF) group and the cholecystojejunostomy (CJ) group compared to the control group, while it decreased in the cholecystoileostomy group. The integrated gastrin response after test meal loading decreased in the CI group. The integrated total GLI response remained unchanged in the CD group and CJ group, but markedly elevated in the TVF group and CI group. The integrated GIP response decreased in the TVF group and no response was obtained in the CI group. The integrated GI response was almost the same in all groups. In conclusion, gut hormone secretion was found to be affected by jejunal exclusion and most strongly influenced by biliary diversion into the ileum. The present study also suggested that enteroglucagon had enterogastrone effect and that compensating mechanism existed among various gut hormones.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Gastric acid secretion and gut hormone release in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy.

The changes in gastric acid secretion and gut hormone release were investigated in 11 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy. The amount of acid output showed normoacidity before surgery and hypoacidity after surgery. No peptic ulcers were detectable after surgery. Plasma gastrin levels were markedly reduced after surgery both in the fasting state and after a test meal loading. Although fasting plasma levels of both gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and insulin after surgery were close to those before surgery, the response of these hormones to the meal was significantly reduced after surgery. On the other hand, blood glucose concentrations increased gradually after feeding, and the elevation was greatly prolonged after surgery compared with preoperative levels. From these results, it is concluded that peptic ulcer will not occur if subtotal gastrectomy is performed during Whipple's procedure. It is presumed that the diminished release of gut hormones such as gastrin, GIP, and insulin was due to the massive resection of the distal stomach, the upper small intestine, and the head of the pancreas and to the diversion of the stream of food from the duodenum to the jejunum. It is also assumed that the glucose-dependent insulinotropic action of GIP would be impaired by the procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Surgical problems of Kock's continent ileostomy in patients with ulcerative colitis].

Postoperative problems including pathophysiology at follow up were investigated in Kock's continent ileostomy in patients with ulcerative colitis. The results obtained were as follows: Though postoperative complication was found in all 4 cases, it was improved in 3 of them by conservative or surgical treatment. Troublesome skin irritation, such as erosion or ulcer, was not found in any case. The patients empty the reservoir when it is convenient and intestinal discharge was 1 to 4 times per day and these results were proved from the studies of the pressure and capacity in the Kock's ileostomy. Various plasma amino acids in patients with Kock's ileostomy showed almost similar levels to those of the normal subjects. Bacteriological examination in the stool in Kock's ileostomy also revealed almost similar results to those of the normal subjects. From these results, we conclude that Kock's continent ileostomy should be more widely performed for the patients with ulcerative colitis when ileostomy is required.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Experimental study on acute ulceration in association with obstructive jaundice--with special reference to the effect of biliary drainage on gastric mucosal blood flow and energy kinetics].

The mechanism of acute ulceration in association with obstructive jaundice was studied experimentally by measurement of gastric mucosal blood flow and energy kinetics. The effect of biliary drainage was also evaluated. Three hundred thirty nine SD male rats weighing about 250 gr were grouped as follows; control group--Sham operation, obstructive jaundice group-2 weeks after ligation and dissection of the choledochus, and biliary drainage group-- A silicone tube was inserted and opened after 2 weeks of obstructive jaundice. All the animals were stressed by water immersion and ulcer index, gastric mucosal blood flow, gastric mucosal energy kinetics and liver function were assessed. The obstructive jaundice group showed significant higher ulcer index and lower gastric mucosal blood flow and energy kinetics than the control group. These factors of the biliary drainage group started to improve soon after biliary drainage and reached to the levels of the control group. In conclusion, reduction of defensive factors caused by jaundice was proved to play an important role in acute ulceration associating obstructive jaundice. Biliary drainage improves both gastric mucosal blood flow and gastric mucosal energy kinetics so that it is preventive against acute ulceration.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

[The influence of ileo-jejunal transposition on intestinal mucosal growth and gut hormones after total colectomy].

To clarify the effect of ileo-jejunal transposition on intestinal mucosal height and gut hormones, canine models undergoing total colectomy either with transection of the small intestine (control group) or ileo-jejunal transposition (transposition group) were compared, and the following results were obtained. There was no difference in body weight between control group and transposition group 18 weeks after operation. Significant increase of mucosal height was observed in transposition group but not in control group. Plasma levels of total GLI were significantly higher in transposition group but not in control group, whereas a count of GLI secreting cell was not changed in both groups. Plasma levels of gastrin after test meal were lower in transposition group than in control group. These results indicated that ileo-jejunal transposition induces hyperenteroglucagonemia, which may play an important role in intestinal adaptation after colectomy.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1985

Gastric acid secretion, intraduodenal pH and gastroenteropancreatic hormone release to bombesin in antrocolic transposition dogs.

The effects of bombesin on gastric acid secretion from the Heidenhain pouch (HP), intraduodenal pH and gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) hormone levels were compared between 4 dogs with antrocolic transposition (ACT) and 4 non-ACT dogs. Bombesin, infused i.v. at a dose of 0.5 microgram/kg for one hr, produced a significant increase in gastric acid secretion from HP and a decrease in intraduodenal pH in both groups. However, these changes were more marked in ACT dogs. The intravenous infusion of bombesin also produced, in both groups, an increase in the plasma levels of gastrin, secretin, motilin, insulin, glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) with a different shape of curve for each hormone. Comparison between the two groups showed significantly greater plasma gastrin, secretin and insulin responses, and smaller plasma PP response in ACT dogs than in non-ACT dogs. These results demonstrate that the mechanism of GEP hormone release by bombesin may be complex and hormone responses to infusion of bombesin are influenced in a state of acid hypersecretion induced by ACT.

Animals↗