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Biomedical subjects

I Russell

Publications and source records attributed to I Russell.

86 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Criteria audit of surgery for carcinoma of the large intestine in Melbourne teaching hospitals.

A criteria audit of patients undergoing surgery for carcinoma of the large intestine in three Melbourne teaching hospitals revealed a considerable variation in the degree of compliance with individual criteria, and a high complication rate with approximately two-thirds of the patients suffering one or more complications. The uniform system of data gathering used provides a baseline for future studies.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

The identification, characterization, and mapping of a gene for flocculation in Saccharomyces sp.

Genetic studies of a flocculent haploid strain of Saccharomyces have revealed the flocculation to be dominant and controlled at a single gene locus. The flocculation character of both hybrids and haploids derived from such hybrids appears to be influenced by the repression or derepression status of the culture. Mapping studies of this flocculation gene have revealed that it is linked to ade 1 and therefore located on Chromosome I. Consequently, this is a different gene to the three flocculation genes studied by other laboratories because they have found such genes to be unlinked to ade 1. The flocculation gene being discussed in this paper has been designated FLO4. FLO4 has been located 32-33 cM from the Chromosome I centromere and 37 cM from ade 1 (i.e., FLO4 is on the opposite side of the centromere to ade 1).

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1976

Inhibition by efferent nerve fibres: action on hair cells and afferent synaptic transmission in the lateral line canal organ of the burbot Lota lota.

1. Intracellular recordings were made from morphologically identified hair cells in the lateral line canal organs of the burbot Lota lota. 2. I.p.s.p.s were recorded from hair cells when the efferent fibres were excited by electrical stimulation of the lateral line nerve. The i.p.s.p.s were abolished when the fish was injected with immobilizing concentration of Flaxedil which is known to block the efferent synapses. 3. The i.p.s.p.s are accompanied by a decrease in the resistance of the hair cell membrane and an increase in the intracellular receptor potential. 4. Spontaneous and mechanically evoked e.p.s.p.s which were recorded intracellularly from the post-synaptic afferent nerve terminals were reduced in amplitude for the duration of the i.p.s.p.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Deputising services in Denmark--some implications for Great Britain.

In Denmark charges for home visits were abolished in April 1973. This paper analyses how this change affected the number of consultations undertaken by the deputising service in one Danish town and how the increase in consultations was distributed in time and place in a sample of individual families. It also describes how, in comparison with the deputising services sponsored by the British Medical Association in Great Britain, the more widely-used Danish deputising services operate.

Comprehensive Health Care↗
PubMed1975

Matched controls in surveys of the use of general practice. Another use for research practice age-sex registers.

This paper describes how an age-sex register may be used as a sampling frame for the selection of matched controls in studies of the use of general practice. It discusses both the analysis of data collected in this way and the advantages and limitations of the method itself. The application of the method to a case-study suggests that patients who use hospital accident departments are also high users of general practice. Although care is needed in the interpretation of such results, it is concluded that matched controls can be used to ameliorate some of the problems of research in general practice.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effectiveness of one-to-one risk communication interventions in health care: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: To assess whether risk-communication interventions are associated with changes in patient knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, and to identify aspects of these interventions that modify these effects. DESIGN: Systematic review. DATA SOURCES: 96 studies from the period 1985-1996 retrieved by electronic searching of eight databases, hand searching of four journals, contacting key authors, and reference list searching. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The effect size of the principal outcome was identified from each study. Outcomes measuring behavioral change were preferred; if these were not available, knowledge, anxiety, or risk perceptions were used, according to the focus of the study. Data were available to calculate the principal effect sizes for 82 of the studies. ANALYSIS: Meta-regression. RESULTS: The methodologic qualities of the studies varied. Nevertheless, risk-communication interventions generally had positive (beneficial) effects. Interventions addressing treatment choices were associated with larger effects than were those in other contexts, such as prevention or screening. Interventions using individual risk estimates were associated with larger effects than were those using more general risk information. Two design variables were identified as effect modifiers: randomized controlled trials were associated with smaller effects than other designs, and dichotomous outcomes were associated with larger effects than continuous outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Risk communication interventions may be most productive if they include individual risk estimates in the discussion between professional and patient. Patient decisions about treatment appear more amenable to change by these interventions than attendance for screening or modification of risky behavior.

Communication↗