Biomedical subjects

I Rose

Publications and source records attributed to I Rose.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1994

Chronic granulomatous disease--a report in two Malay families.

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a very rare disease whose defect lies in an abnormal intracellular killing resulting in recurrent abscesses, lymphadenitis and granuloma formation. We describe 2 Malay male infants with CGD whom we believe to be the first report of this disorder in Malays. Both children presented with recurrent abscesses, pneumoniae and hepatosplenomegaly; lymphadenopathy was also present in one of the patients. The organisms isolated were catalase positive bacteria. Both neutrophil chemiluminescence (against fungal and bacterial antigens, phorbol myristate acetate) and intracellular killing assays were severely depressed. Recognition of CGD is important as great strides have been made in the treatment of this disease which include gamma interferon therapy besides the conventional prophylactic antibacterial therapy.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1991

Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis with deficient CD2 (E receptor) but normal CD3 mononuclear cells.

A case of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis in a Malaysian child who subsequently developed disseminated tuberculosis and toxoplasmosis is described. The phenotype of her peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed discordance for her T cell markers. The presence of a subpopulation of CD2-/CD3+ mononuclear cells leading to an immunodeficiency state is consistent with failure of activation of CD2-mediated alternative pathway resulting in immunodeficiency. Such abnormal CD2-/CD3+ subpopulations have been described in lepromatous leprosy and foetal abortuses.

Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte↗

PubMed1991

[Bilateral segmental neurofibromatosis].

Segmental neurofibromatosis is a rare type of neurofibromatosis. We report a case of bilateral manifestation, review the literature on this extremely uncommon variant, and discuss the possible causative mechanisms and the genetic risk of segmental neurofibromatosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Erythrokeratodermia anularis migrans--a new genetic dermatosis?].

An unusual type of erythrokeratodermia in an 11-year-old boy is presented. It can be distinguished from the well-known classic types of erythrokeratodermia by clinical criteria, such as the persisting, very slowly migrating, annular lesions, and also by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings. In view of the distinct clinical features of this new genodermatosis, the term erythrokeratodermia annularis migrans is proposed.

Biopsy↗

PubMed1991

Perforating invasive mole masquerading as an ovarian tumour--case report.

An invasive mole causing uterine perforation is a rare occurrence. We describe below a case with an unusual presentation which was mistaken for an ovarian tumour. The difficulty in diagnosis and the need for a high index of suspicion is highlighted.

Choriocarcinoma↗

PubMed1987

Pharmacokinetics of bisoprolol during repeated oral administration to healthy volunteers and patients with kidney or liver disease.

The pharmacokinetics of bisoprolol were investigated following oral administration of 10mg once daily for 7 days in 8 healthy subjects, in 14 patients with different degrees of renal impairment and in 18 patients with liver disease. In healthy subjects peak and trough steady-state concentrations of 52 micrograms/L and 11 micrograms/L, respectively, an elimination half-life of 10.0 hours and total body clearance of 14.2 L/h were observed. 5.21 mg/24 hours of unchanged bisoprolol were recovered following urinary excretion during the dosage interval. In 11 patients with renal impairment (mean CLCR = 28 +/- 5 ml/min/1.72m2) half-life was prolonged to 18.5 hours, and peak and trough concentrations were 74 and 32 micrograms/L, respectively. Correspondingly, urinary excretion decreased to 3.35 mg/24 hours and total body clearance to 7.8 L/h. In uraemic patients (CLCR less than 5 ml/min/1.73m2) the total clearance of bisoprolol was 5.0 L/h and the elimination half-life was 24.2 hours. In patients with liver cirrhosis half-life increased to 13.5 hours, steady-state peak and trough concentrations increased to 62 and 22 micrograms/L, respectively, and total body clearance decreased to 10.8 L/h. The present study indicates that in patients with impairment of kidney or liver function accumulation of bisoprolol above a factor of 2 did not occur. However, in the terminal stages of insufficiency of kidney or liver function bisoprolol dosage should not exceed 10mg.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗

PubMed1986

Interaction of bisoprolol with cimetidine and rifampicin.

In 6 healthy volunteers the pharmacokinetics of bisoprolol under steady-state conditions was investigated over three consecutive phases: over 7 days of 10 mg of bisoprolol once daily per os, 7 days of 10 mg of bisoprolol once daily plus 400 mg of cimetidine t.i.d. and 14 days of 10 mg of bisoprolol and 600 mg of rifampicin once daily with adequate intervals free of medication. After therapy with bisoprolol alone peak plasma levels (Cssmax) of the beta-blocker were 55.5 +/- 6.4 ng/ml (means +/- SEM), area under the plasma level-time curve (AUC tau) was 597 +/- 70 ng/ml.h, total body clearance (CL) 15.8 +/- 1.8 l/h and elimination half-lives (t1/2 beta) 10.1 +/- 1.2 h. Cimetidine did not cause any significant changes in the pharmacokinetics of bisoprolol. Co-administration of rifampicin resulted in a decrease in Cssmax (43.0 +/- 6.9 ng/ml), AUC tau (397 +/- 54 ng/ml X h) and t1/2 beta (6.2 +/- 0.4 h). Accordingly, total body clearance increased to 23.8 +/- 2.5 l/h (p less than 0.05). In conclusion bisoprolol showed a statistically significant but probably clinically not important interaction with the enzyme-inducing drug rifampicin, but not with the enzyme inhibitor cimetidine.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗

PubMed1985

Organ specificity of epithelial cells grown in tissue culture from explants obtained from various levels of the rat gut.

Monolayer cultures of epithelial cells grown from explants of fetal rat small intestine can differentiate into columnar as well as goblet cells in tissue culture (Kondo et al., Exp cell res 153 (1984) 12) [9]. In this study we have cultured tissue from various levels of the fetal rat gastrointestinal tract in order to characterize those cell types that can be cultured from these tissues and to determine the growth potential of these cells using this culture system. Explants of esophagus and forestomach tissue yielded monolayer outgrowths of squamous epithelial cells which grew as closely apposed polygonal cells capable of developing cornified envelopes. Explants of the glandular portion of the stomach yielded outgrowths of densely packed cells which were more pleiomorphic and which did not desquamate or form cornified envelopes. Explants of small intestine and colon yielded outgrowths of epithelial cells, some of which differentiated into goblet cells, while others developed a 'columnar' cell morphology. The following differences between squamous- and non-squamous cultures were observed. Squamous epithelium showed self-sustained growth, while growth of non-squamous epithelial cells became self-limiting. Cytochalasin B (CB) (5 micrograms/ml for 1 h) induced contraction of the whole cell sheet of non-squamous cells, but of only individual squamous cells. Squamous cell outgrowth was observed from tissues derived from fetuses of all ages (13-day fetuses through to 3-week-old rats); whereas non-squamous epithelial outgrowth was poor when rats older than the 21st gestational day were studied. These results indicate that cultures established in this manner developed the general characteristics of the cells of the organ from which they were derived, even when undifferentiated fetal tissue was used. The growth conditions needed for columnar epithelium are more stringent than those needed for squamous tissues. This technique opens the way for further characterization of growth requirements of gastrointestinal columnar epithelium.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Growth and differentiation of fetal rat small intestinal epithelium in tissue culture. Relationship to fetal age.

Explants of small intestinal tissue have been cultured from fetal and young rats (from 13-day fetuses to 3-week-old rats). Growth of morphologically typical epithelial cells was obtained from explants of tissue from 14-20 day fetuses. Optimal growth was obtained using tissue from 17-day fetuses with outgrowth from the explant being observed 1-day after explant. Eighty per cent of explants developed epithelial growth by 11 days in culture. Initially, the epithelial outgrowth showed no morphological evidence of differentiation but after 5-10 days in culture differentiation into goblet or elongated cells with alkaline phosphatase activity occurred. Cells with brush borders and goblet cells were identified using electron microscopy. No differentiation occurred if the explant was removed even though growth continued. It was very difficult to culture tissue from fetuses older than 20 days' gestation, and when small intestine of 18-20-day fetuses was divided into two parts (proximal and distal) and cultured separately, growth of epithelial cells from explants of the proximal segment was less successful than that of the distal segment, indicating that the growth ability of these epithelial cells in vitro was closely related to tissue maturation in vivo. In contrast to the apparent relationship between fetal age and successful growth of intestinal epithelial cells, squamous epithelial cells of the esophagus could be grown from explants of 14-day fetus through newborn and 3-week-old rats.

Aging↗

PubMed1983