Biomedical subjects

I Repa

Publications and source records attributed to I Repa.

43 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

Myocardial infarction treated with two lymphagogues, calcium dobesilate (CLS 2210) and hyaluronidase: a coded, placebo-controlled animal study.

The effects on the evolution of canine myocardial infarction (MI) of the lymphagogues hyaluronidase (hyaluronate glucanohydrolase) (known to reduce the size of MIs) and calcium dobesilate (calcium, 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate, CLS 2210) were compared in a coded, placebo-controlled study in 48 dogs, during the first 24 h after coronary occlusion. MI was induced by embolization of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery. The animals were given either a placebo, CLS 2210, or hyaluronidase by intravenous infusion begun immediately after embolization and continued for 24h. The volume of myocardial tissue at risk was evaluated at 2 and 24 h by ungated computed tomography (CT), and after necropsy by staining myocardial sections with triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC). Electrocardiography and estimation of serum creatine kinase (CK) activity were also performed. In the 25 animals that survived 24 h, the results of all tests showed that there was less myocardial damage in the animals treated with the two lymphagogues than in those treated with placebo, and less damage with CLS 2210 than with hyaluronidase. The good correlation between the volume of ischemic tissue as assessed by CT in vivo and as assessed by TTC staining after necropsy (r = 0.959) confirms that the CT perfusion phase defect accurately reflects the volume of tissue at risk during the evolution of MI. This study has shown that CLS 2210 is at least as effective as hyaluronidase in reducing myocardial damage due to coronary artery occlusion in dogs.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Thrombogenicity of hydrophilically coated guide wires and catheters.

The thrombogenicities of stainless steel spring guide wires and two hydrophilically coated guide wires were compared. The guide wires were placed in canine femoral arteries for 30 minutes. The guide wires were removed, the thrombi were stripped off, and the clots were weighed. Clot weights obtained with the two hydrophilically coated guide wires were significantly less than those obtained with the stainless steel spring guide wires. The thrombogenicities of hydrophilically coated catheters and noncoated nylon catheters were compared with and without the use of heparin. Carotid arteries, jugular veins, femoral arteries, and femoral veins were used. Catheters were left in place for 45 minutes. The animals were heparinized and killed. The vessels were then removed en bloc with the catheter clamped in place. The vessels were incised, and the clot was removed and weighed. In arterial and venous catheterization, no significant difference in clot deposition was shown between the hydrophilically coated catheters and the noncoated nylon catheters. A striking reduction of thrombogenicity was achieved with heparinization of the catheters in both arteries and veins.

Angiography↗

PubMed1989

Mortalities associated with use of a commercial suspension of polyvinyl alcohol.

Two cases of symptomatic neonatal hepatic arteriovenous malformation (AVM) are presented. Both were treated with percutaneous transcatheter embolization and a commercially available polyvinyl alcohol suspension. Both infants died soon after AVM embolization. The results of laboratory examination of particle-size homogeneity of this commercial suspension demonstrate marked inhomogeneity of particle size very probably contributed to the death of these patients. A protocol has been developed to help determine appropriate particle size in individual cases; this may help prevent such catastrophic results during transcatheter embolization.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗

PubMed1989

Retrograde left atrial catheterization.

Catheterization of the left atrium can provide valuable information about both congenital and acquired heart disease. The traditional approach to examination of the left atrium has been the transseptal route, which has occasionally been associated with serious complications. A method of retrograde left atrial catheterization has been developed that is performed with a modified standard catheter. The technique was tested in five dogs and was easy and safe to perform.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

The importance of separation of prostatic lobes in relief of prostatic obstruction by balloon catheter urethroplasty: studies in dogs and humans.

We performed balloon urethroplasty in six older normal dogs and 10 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy to establish the mechanism by which this technique results in relief of bladder outlet obstruction. Thirty-millimeter balloon catheters were used in both the animal and human studies. Autopsy studies showed disruption of the anterior prostatic commissure in four of the six dogs, disruption of both anterior and posterior commissures in one dog, and no disruption in the remaining dog. In all 10 patients, cystoscopy and urethrography showed disruption of the anterior commissure. Separation of the prostatic lobes by disruption of the prostatic commissures may be the most important mechanism by which balloon urethroplasty relieves urethral obstruction.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

Salvage of ischemic myocardium by CLS 2210 in the dog: a preliminary double-blind study.

To assess whether a cardiac lymphagogue, CLS 2210, would reduce myocardial infarct size after coronary artery ligation, studies were performed in 14 dogs. The left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated in each dog, and the dogs were randomized to either placebo or CLS 2210 treatment, which was carried on for seven days. After seven days the animals were sacrificed and the volume of infarcted myocardium was determined macroscopically on a double-blind basis, supported by histologic examination. CLS 2210 treatment resulted in a highly significant reduction in the volume of infarcted myocardium (p less than 0.001). Since CLS 2210 is chemically and pharmacologically unrelated to hyaluronidase but shares an action with hyaluronidase as a cardiac lymphagogue, the results offer further support for a role of myocardial lymphatics in the evolution of myocardial necrosis following coronary artery occlusion and provide an explanation for the mechanism by which these agents reduce myocardial infarction size.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

Influence of a lymphagogue, CLS 2210, on regional cardiac lymphatics and the electrocardiogram after coronary artery occlusion in the dog.

To examine the role of cardiac lymphatic drainage in myocardial infarction, we quantified the effect of a lymphogogue, CLS 2210, on the number and appearance of myocardial lymphatics as well as the electrocardiogram following coronary occlusion in the dog. Thirty minutes and six hours after intravenous administration of the benzenesulfonate compound, (CLS 2210) cardiac lymphatics in the distribution of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) were determined and further delineated by postmortem cardiac lymphangiograms. The results were compared with treated and untreated dogs without and with descending coronary artery ligation including the noninfarcted zone; that is, myocardium within the distribution of left circumflex coronary (LCC) artery. After 30 minutes in dogs receiving CLS 2210 without LAD ligation, number of lymphatics (point count/cm2, see Methods) were respectively--LAD zone: 2.62 +/- 0.11 or 10.9% of left ventricular (LV) surface; LCC zone: 2.87 +/- 0.10, whereas after six hours--LAD zone 8.04 +/- 0.03 or 32.3% LV surface; LCC zone--8.13 +/- 0.06 compared with untreated controls--LAD zone 1.71 +/- 0.11 or 6.6% of LV surface; LCC zone 1.65 +/- 0.12 (p less than 0.0001). At similar intervals in dogs with LAD ligation, the findings were at 30 minutes LAD zone 0.78 +/- 0.07 or 3.1% of LV surface and at 360 minutes was 0.80 +/- 0.08 or 3.3% of LV surface. In conjunction with CLS 2210 administration, however, LAD zone showed at 30 minutes 2.50 +/- 0.12 or 10% of LV surface (p less than .01) and at 360 minutes was 10.34 +/- 0.03 or 35.1% of LV surface.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗