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Biomedical subjects

I Ramzy

Publications and source records attributed to I Ramzy.

99 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnosis of radiolucent lesions of the jaw by fine needle aspiration biopsy.

Radiolucent lesions of the jaw, representing a variety of metabolic, inflammatory, developmental, neoplastic and other disorders, may be quite variable in appearance. Fine needle aspiration biopsy, performed on 57 patients who presented with oral abnormalities, was used in an attempt to differentiate the pathologic processes in the 23 patients with radiolucent changes resulting from bony involvement. Most aspirations were performed on an outpatient basis, and the cytologic findings were correlated with the clinical course and subsequent surgical findings. The entities encountered included ameloblastoma, a variety of odontogenic cysts and inflammatory and infectious processes, such as actinomycosis and giant-cell and eosinophilic granulomas. An unusual salivary gland lesion was also observed. The aspiration biopsy proved to be a valuable adjunct method for the preoperative diagnosis of radiolucent lesions of the jaws. A discussion of the differential diagnostic considerations is presented.

Ameloblastoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hyaline-cell pleomorphic adenoma. Diagnosis by fine needle aspiration biopsy.

The cytologic, histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural characteristics are presented of a case of hyaline-cell pleomorphic adenoma of the soft palate diagnosed by aspiration biopsy. Hyaline cells are commonly found in pleomorphic adenomas of minor salivary gland origin. The lack of cohesiveness of the hyaline cells makes them readily amenable to sampling by fine needle aspiration biopsy. When identified in a neoplasm, these cells are characteristic, and probably diagnostic, of a mixed tumor.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Analysis of false results in a series of 835 fine needle aspirates of breast lesions.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze cases of false diagnoses from a large series to help increase the accuracy of fine needle aspiration of palpable breast lesions. STUDY DESIGN: The results of FNA of 835 palpable breast lesions were analyzed to determine the reasons for false positive, false negative and false suspicious diagnoses. RESULTS: Of the 835 aspirates, 174 were reported as positive, 549 as negative and 66 as suspicious or atypical but not diagnostic of malignancy. Forty-six cases were considered unsatisfactory. Tissue was available for comparison in 286 cases. The cytologic diagnoses in these cases were reported as follows: positive, 125 (43.7%); suspicious, 33 (11.5%); atypical, 18 (6.2%); negative, 92 (32%); and unsatisfactory, 18 (6.2%). There was one false positive diagnosis, yielding a false positive rate of 0.8%. This lesion was a case of fibrocystic change with hyperplasia, focal fat necrosis and reparative atypia. There were 14 false negative cases, resulting in a false negative rate of 13.2%. Nearly all these cases were sampling errors and included infiltrating ductal carcinomas (9), ductal carcinomas in situ (2), infiltrating lobular carcinomas (2) and tubular carcinoma (1). Most of the suspicious and atypical lesions proved to be carcinomas (35/50). The remainder were fibroadenomas (6), fibrocystic change (4), gynecomastia (2), adenosis (2) and granulomatous mastitis (1). CONCLUSION: A positive diagnosis of malignancy by FNA is reliable in establishing the diagnosis and planning the treatment of breast cancer. The false-positive rate is very low, with only a single case reported in 835 aspirates. Most false negatives are due to sampling and not to interpretive difficulties. The category "suspicious but not diagnostic of malignancy" serves a useful purpose in management of patients with breast lumps.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of lymphadenopathy in 1,103 patients. Role, limitations and analysis of diagnostic pitfalls.

Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is widely used for the assessment of various lesions. The results of FNABs of lymph nodes on 1,103 patients, performed over a 14-year period, from 1978 to 1992, are presented. The patients ranged in age from 1 to 90 years. Cervical nodes were the site sampled most frequently (47%). Of all the aspirates, 593 were diagnosed cytologically as malignant, 61 as suspicious for malignancy and 329 as benign. The material was classified as unsatisfactory in 120 cases. Aspirates from supraclavicular nodes were most likely to be malignant (85%), followed by those from deep nodes (67%). The most challenging lesions to assess using FNAB were lymphomas, accounting for 15 of the 23 false negatives. Most of these were related to difficulty in the interpretation of well-differentiated neoplasms in the early years of this study, prior to the use of immunocytochemistry. Sampling errors accounted for eight false-negative diagnoses; they included all the cases of metastatic carcinomas that had been missed. There were only three false-positive diagnoses; two of these involved the misinterpretation of lipid-rich lesions as metastatic clear cell carcinomas. The results of this study support the accuracy of FNAB and its value in investigating lymphadenopathies. FNAB of nodes provides a high level of diagnostic accuracy, as shown by the 3.4% false-negative and 0.9% false-positive rates. Lymphoid marker studies of cytologic material greatly enhance our ability to diagnose and properly classify lymphomas and reduce the false-negative rate.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antenatal assessment of fetal age and maturity using fetal fat staining cells in amniotic fluid.

A cross sectional retrospective study of 400 cases of amniocentesis was performed to evaluate the reliability of using fetal fat staining cells as a method for assessment of fetal age and maturity. A sharp rise in the percentage of these cells in amniotic fluid occurred after 37 weeks of gestation and a level of 20 per cent or more indicated fetal age of 38 weeks or more, corresponding to maturity by our definition. The false positive and negative rates were 3.5 per cent and 14 per cent respectively. The pre-eclamptics, diabetics and Rh sensitized groups fell within the distribution of the normal population. The dysmature group, however, showed an earlier rise (20% at 36 weeks). The origin of the fetal fat staining cells and the reasons for the early rise in dysmaturity are discussed. Estimation of fetal fat staining cells in the amniotic fluids using the 20 per cent level is a reliable test for maturity in normal and some abnormal pregnancies, excluding dysmaturity.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alpha-mannosidosis. Report of a case with morphologic, cytologic and immunohistochemical considerations.

We report the histopathologic features of the knee bone and synovium and the cytologic features of the synovial fluid from a patient with alpha-mannosidosis. The synovium showed marked papillary hyperplasia with infiltration of foamy histiocytes containing periodic acid-Schiff-positive, diastase-resistant material. Severe degenerative changes were seen in the knee bone. The synovial fluid showed increased numbers of macrophages containing periodic acid-Schiff-positive, diastase-resistant material. The differential diagnostic considerations in the synovial fluid are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ploidy studies by image analysis on fine needle aspirates of the breast.

Quantitative DNA analysis was performed on preoperative fine needle aspirates of 12 breast cancers and 1 benign lesion using the Cell Analysis Systems (CAS) Model 200 image analysis system. The smears were prepared on CAS slides, routinely processed for Papanicolaou staining, and then destained and restained with Feulgen stain after cytologic evaluation. Four cases were DNA diploid, 3 were tetraploid, 1 was diploid/tetraploid, and 5 were aneuploid. When compared to analysis of samples from the resected tumor, both DNA index and S-phase fraction were constant.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Causes of false results in transthoracic fine needle lung aspirates.

To evaluate the causes of false-negative and false-positive results in transthoracic fine needle aspirates (TFNAs), we reviewed our experience with this technique over the 20-year period from 1972 to 1991. For 488 TFNAs satisfactory for cytologic interpretation, tissue diagnoses were subsequently obtained by biopsy, resection or autopsy in 218 cases (56 benign and 162 malignant). In 11 cases, TFNA was positive for malignancy, and the biopsy was negative. Review of these cases disclosed that the TFNAs were true positives (specificity, 100%) and that the biopsies failed to sample the lesion. There were 18 false-negative results by TFNA, for a sensitivity of 90%, all as a result of failure to sample the lesion. TFNA is a highly specific and sensitive technique for diagnosis of benign and malignant lung masses. False negatives are the result of failure to sample the lesion. False positives are uncommon but can be avoided if the cytopathologist is aware that benign reactive lesions may mimic malignancy on cytology.

Biopsy, Needle↗