Biomedical subjects

I R Mackay

Publications and source records attributed to I R Mackay.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources

PubMed1975

Influence of immunosuppression on antinuclear antibody and survival of wehi mice.

The effect of immunosuppression with cyclophosphamide was assessed in 200 male and female Walter and Eliza Hall Institute outbred mice which are known to develop antinuclear antibody (ANA). Their longevity and the incidence of ANA were studied in comparison with controls. In females, life-span was longer despite a higher age-related incidence of ANA. Cyclophosphamide significantly delayed the development of ANA in both sexes; despite this, life-span was decreased. This is in contrast to what occurs in the highly autoimmune NZB/NZW F1 hybrid mouse. Thus, in weakly autoimmune mice the toxic effects of cyclophosphamide outweighed any benefit resulting from suppression of antinuclear autoantibodies.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

Symptomatic hypergastrinaemia with achlorhydria: reflief by antrectomy.

A women had hypergastrinaemia associated with the variety of gastritis (Type A) that is associated usually with pernicious anaemia, together with recurring bouts of severe abdominal pain. Fasting serum gastrin levels ranged between 600 and 2750 pg/ml. There was a rise in serum gastrin levels after a standard protein meal, indicative of a large G cell mass, and a fall after intragastric HCI, which led to a trial of treatment with HCI; this gave some symptomatic relief. After surgical antrectomy there was a profound fall of serum gastrin from a pre-operative level of 2500 pg/ml to constant values of 16--25 pg/ml, and complete and lasting relief from the bouts of abdominal pain.

Achlorhydria↗

PubMed1975

Hepatic morphology in Huntington's chorea.

Liver biopsy specimens from six patients with Huntington's chorea were examined locally and referred with clinical information to three colleagues abroad experienced in the interpretation of liver biopsy specimens. The minor and inconsistent abnormalities reported upon were of non-specific character. The suggested interrelation between damage to cerebral neurones and hepatocytes in Huntington's chorea was not substantiated by this study.

Histocytochemistry↗

PubMed1975

Antigen-binding cells in human fetal liver.

Antigen-binding cells (ABC) could be detected regularly by autoradiography among haemic cells in the liver of human fetuses ranging in age from 8 to 24 weeks. For radioiodine-labeled thyroglobulin, the antigen mainly used in these studies, counts of ABC ranged from 5.0 to 24.3 per 1,000 cells scanned. There was a trend for counts of ABC in liver to be highest at 10-12 weeks of fetal life. Binding of labeled thyroglobulin was inhibited by excess unlabeled thyroglobulin, but not by other protein antigens. Artifacts due to binding of antigen to normoblasts, which comprised 90% of the haemic cells in fetal lines, and to cells with 'sticky' surfaces were excluded as far as possible. There was no response by fetal liver cells to phytohaemagglutinin. Although there was only minimal inhibition of binding by anti-immunoglobulin sera of known potency, the ABC in human fetal liver were assumed to correspond to immunoglobulin-bearing precursors of B cells described by others in the liver of the fetal mouse.

Antigens↗

PubMed1975

Thyrogastric autoimmune disease. Studies on the cell-mediated immune system and histocompatibility antigens.

Cell-mediated immune responses were studied in autoimmune diseases of thyrogastric type, Hashimoto's thyroiditis and autoimmune pernicious anaemia-type gastritis. Specific cell-mediated immunity was investigated by the leucocyte migration inhibition procedure, and general cell-mediated immunity (T-cell performance) was studied by standard in vivo and in vitro tests. In thyrogastric autoimmune diseases inhibition of migration of leucocytes was induced by thyroglobulin and gastric parietal cell microsomes; under conditions of presumably low cellular sensitization, stimulation of migration was observed. There was no depression of general cell-mediated immunity, in contrast to what occurs in systemic lupus erythematosus and related autoimmune diseases. A weak association of autoimmune gastritis with HL-A3 and HL-A7 (P LESS THAN 0.05) lost significance when an appropriate correction was applied; this weakness with HL-A clearly does not explain the strong genetic component in thyroid and gastric autoimmunity.

Anemia, Pernicious↗

PubMed1975

A multilingual self-administered symptom history.

A multilingual computer-derived symptom history was developed from a two-stage yes-no symptom questionaire, based on a library of 4,000 numbered questions. The English primary and secondary questionaires were translated into German, Italian, French, Spanish, Greek and Yugoslav. "Yes" answers to the numbered primary questions presented in these languages were processed by a computer that generated individualized secondary questions in the same language. "Yes" answers to these numbered questions were processed by a second computer program that printed out the narrative history in English. As well as other benefits of automated symptom histories, there is now a facility for the computer to acquire a patient's history in one language and print it out in any other.

Computers↗

PubMed1975

Populations of lymphocytes separated from human thymocytes.

Thymocytes from twenty-two human foetal and post-natal thymuses were separated according to their buoyant density. Thymocytes from eight were separated into multiple fractions by means of continuous gradients of bovine serum albumin (BSA), pH 5.1 and iso-osmolar with human cells, and thymocytes from fourteen were separated into two fractions of density less than and greater than 1.068 g/cm3. Fractions were tested for antigen-binding lymphocytes (ABL) to 125I-labelled human thyroglobulin, for response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and for rosette-forming cells (RFC) using sheep red blood cells. For subjects of all ages there was a pronounced enrichment of both ABL and thymocytes responsive to PHA amoung low or 1.064-1.065 g/cm3 density thymocytes. In older subjects there was a second enrichment of ABL among high or 1.072-1.073 g/cm3 density thymocytes. RFC were distributed over a wider range of densities, and although they did not form a discrete subpopulation they predominated among high density thymocytes.

Cell Separation↗

PubMed1975