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Biomedical subjects

I R MacKay

Publications and source records attributed to I R MacKay.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunologic mechanisms in hepatitis B assayed by antigen-binding lymphocytes.

Immune mechanisms in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection were investigated in 16 persons with and without hepatitis using tests for HBS Ag, anti-HBS, anti-HBC and 125I-labeled HBS Ag binding lymphocytes (ABL) in peripheral blood. Anti-HBC, which is an evidence of a recent or current HBV infection, was detected in all HBS Ag positive sera. High counts of ABL correlated with the presence of anti-HBS in serum but not with anti-HBC or with HBS Ag. In patients with chronic hepatitis, and in asymptomatic carriers of HBS Ag, there was a trend towards low counts of ABL, which may represent partial tolerance ot HBS Ag in carriers of this particle. Further work on ABL for HBS Ag and HBC Ag should enhance our understnading of immunologic responses to the antigens of the hepatitis B virus.

Binding Sites, Antibody↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatic portal infiltrates in mice immunized with syngeneic lymphoid cells: connotations for models of autoimmune liver disease.

The aim of this study was to investigate liver histology in mice after immunization with the conserved self molecule dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase, E3, a subunit of the mitochondrial 2-OADC enzyme family identified as the M2 autoantigen in the liver disease, primary biliary cirrhosis. Mice were immunized by a novel procedure. The autoantigen E3 was introduced by pinocytosis into hypertonically treated syngeneic lymphoid cells to facilitate intracellular antigen processing and presentation and the generation of a cytolytic T cell response. Liver sections were examined and scored for evidence of an inflammatory response by two independent procedures: standard microscopy with visual scoring, and automated scanning with computerized scoring. There was a close correlation between read-outs of liver histology by standard microscopy and automated scanning, using the index of mononuclear cellular infiltrations in hepatic portal tracts. Such infiltrates were prominent in the immunized mice, but, unexpectedly, the degree of infiltration was similar in mice injected with autoantigen (E3)-loaded syngeneic cells, or syngeneic cells treated only with hypertonic medium. The equivalent changes in the liver with the experimental and control protocol is indicative of the reactivity of the liver to any provocative immune stimulus, and is cautionary for protocols designed for the induction of autoimmune liver disease in experimental animals.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The identification of English consonants by native speakers of Italian.

This study examined the identification of English consonants in noise by native speakers of Italian. The effect of age of first exposure to English was evaluated by comparing three groups of subjects who continued to use Italian relatively often but differed according to their age of arrival (AOA) in Canada from Italy (early: 7, mid: 14, late: 19 years). The subjects in the late group made more errors identifying word-initial consonants than subjects in the early group did; however, the effect of AOA was nonsignificant for word-final stops. The effect of amount of native language (L1) use was evaluated by comparing two groups of early bilinguals who were matched for AOA (mean = 7 years) but differed according to self-reported percentage use of Italian (early: 32%, early-low: 8%). The early bilinguals who used Italian often (early) made significantly more errors identifying word-initial and word-final consonants than native English (NE) subjects did, whereas the early bilinguals who used Italian seldom (early-low) did not differ from the NE subjects. The subjects' phonological short-term memory was estimated by having them repeat Italian non-words. This was done in an attempt to identify the source of individual differences. The nonword repetition scores were in fact found to independently account for 15% of the variance in subjects' errors identifying word-final English consonants and 8% of the variance for word-initial consonants.

Female↗