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Biomedical subjects

I Pedal

Publications and source records attributed to I Pedal.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Massive pulmonary brain tissue embolism].

A 20 year old woman with a severe head injury and rapidly increasing brain edema died 46 hours after the accident. There was clinical evidence of protracted shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The autopsy revealed a macro-embolization of brain tissue of the lungs with many central and intermediate lung artery branches occluded by cerebral tissue. Preconditions of the brain tissue embolism were a severe fracture of the skull including a traumatic rupture of the right sigmoid sinus, together with a local brain laceration and an extremely elevated intracranial pressure. Fibrin precipitations were prominent at the surfaces of the brain tissue emboli as well as in peripheral blood vessels of the lung; in the systemic circulation, intravascular coagulation was much less pronounced.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1989

[Seminal vesicle epithelium of Lewis positive individuals secretes Le(a) in sialyl form].

The epithelium of the vesicular glands is immunohistochemically Leb positive in Lewis positive secretors; unexpectedly there is no Lea positivity in Lewis positive Nonsecretors. These findings are confirmed by serological analysis of the vesicular gland secretions. After neuraminidase pretreatment of the tissue sections immunohistochemistry reveals a weak Lea positivity in Lewis positive secretors and a more or less strong Lea positivity in Lewis positive nonsecretors. This observation argues for a close connection between the Lewis system fucosyl transferase and a very effective sialyl transferase in the vesicular gland epithelia; Lea is therefore predominantly secreted in a sialylated form. The vesicular glands seem to be the main source of the antigen CA 19-9 = sialyl-Lea of the seminal plasma.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1989

[Morphology and endocrinology of a fatal course of Addison crisis].

A 36 year-old man fell ill with violent dorsalgia seemingly related to spondylosis. The diagnosis of tuberculous spondylitis was made as late as 18 months after the onset of symptoms. The disease rapidly progressed to death in spite of adequate tuberculostatic and surgical therapy. The post-mortem examination revealed a massively caseating tuberculosis of both adrenal glands suggestive of Addison's disease. Severe adrenocortical insufficiency was confirmed by low steroid hormone levels in the post-mortem blood; the validity of these results is indicated by comparative hormone level determinations in a series of recent and stored post-mortem blood specimens.

Addison Disease↗
PubMed1988

[ABH and Lewis antigens of tracheal glands. II. Lewis negative individuals].

Immunocytochemical studies were performed on tracheal wall samples embedded in paraffin; the samples were taken at 23 autopsies. In all cases, the red cells had been typed in postmortem serological studies as being Le(a-b-). Blood-group antigens were demonstrated by the indirect immunoperoxidase technique, using monoclonal Anti-A, Anti-B, Anti-Lea and Anti-Leb; H was detected by UEA 1. The secretor characteristics could clearly be diagnosed from the ABH staining pattern of the mucous glands. In 11 cases, the lewis antigen labeling patterns were identical to the group of Lewis-positive individuals. It seems probable, from the statistical point of view, that these 11 individuals were, in fact, Lewis-positive and that the negative serology resulted from deterioration of the cadaver blood samples. The immunocytochemistry was quite different in the remaining 12 cases: (a) secretors (n = 9) were completely negative for Lea, Leb was equally negative in one case, but in the remainder it was detectable within mucous epithelia in minimal amounts and in an atypical granular distribution; (b) nonsecretors (n = 3) reversely exhibited complete negativity for Leb but a minimal staining for Lea. These findings are in harmony with the well established Lewis serology typing of secretions in Lewis negative individuals. Thus, a minimal Lewis antigen biosynthesis and secretion seem to occur in the absence of the Le gene: A alpha-4-L-fucosyltransferase of low activity might be the product of the allele le.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1987

[Air embolism or putrefaction? Gas analysis findings and their interpretation].

Gas was detected in the hearts of 111 necropsy cases. The gas was quantified and then analyzed by gas chromatography. In 70 cases H2, a clear marker of putrefaction, could be identified in the samples. After critical consideration, air embolism was accepted in 36 of the remaining cases. In nearly all instances, severe skull trauma or stab wounds to the neck or clavicular region gave rise to the air embolism. When the gas analysis data were compared, clear-cut differences were found between the two groups of putrefaction and air embolism. CO2 concentrations below 15%, N2 concentrations above 70%, and a CO2/N2 ratio below 0.2 proved to be good criteria to determine an air embolism. However, gas volumes, O2 concentrations, and CO2/O2 ratios largely overlapped in the two groups. Air embolism samples consistently had lower O2 concentrations and higher CO2 concentrations than atmospheric air, and this was evidently independent from incipient putrefaction. We suggest that these deviations result from a gas exchange between the venous blood and the embolized air volume taking place in the right heart ventricle. The dimensions of the concentration shifts may be understood from severe agonal hypoxia and hypercapnia.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1986

[Immunocytochemical identification of AB0 incompatible erythrocytes following fatal transfusion reaction].

A patient with blood group O died 8 h after an accidental transfusion of one unit of A1 erythrocytes. The admixture of group A red cells was not detected during postmortem serology. Paraffin-embedded autopsy material was studied by the indirect immunoperoxidase technique using monoclonal antibodies. Group A red cells were easily identified as circulating agglutinates in the larger vessels, in the capillary vessels of all organs examined, and as closely packed cell aggregations in the sinuses of the spleen. However, there was no clear evidence of erythrophagocytosis in the spleen or in liver.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Form variants of globular hyaline microthrombi. Light microscopy, immunohistochemical and scanning and transmission electron microscopy observations].

Globular hyaline microthrombi are characterized by their diameter (2-30 micron), globular form, and positive PAS and PTAH reaction. They are a morphologic indicator of disturbed microcirculation and hemostasis, such as that occurring in shock. In two of our cases, we observed large globular hyaline microthrombi, some with central webbed degradation progressing to the formation of closed or open hollow globules. The electron microscopic findings were similar to those observed by other investigators in typical shock bodies. On the basis of the morphologic findings, the authors conclude that degradation phenomena start at the center of globular hyaline microthrombi and can progress to the surface where accelerated fibrinolysis is possible. The cellular elements that other investigators have described as a possible condensation center for fibrin precipitate proved to be structurally intact cells that are apparently located in niches of open hollow globules or in the center of circular hyaline microthrombi. The diagnostic relevance, vitality, and temporal classification are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[ABH and Lewis antigens in the tracheal glands. I. Lewis-positive individuals].

Antigens A, B, H, Lea, and Leb were demonstrated in the tracheal glands of 15 Lewis-positive secretors and 15 nonsecretors by the indirect immunoperoxidase technique. The detection of group-specific ABH antigens in mucous epithelium and intraductal secretory fluid was dependent on the secretor character. Whereas determination of secretor character was sometimes unreliable with anti-A and anti-B, the findings obtained by additional labeling with UEA1 were consistently correct. The secretors showed minimal gland labeling with anti-Lea and intensive labeling with anti-Leb; the nonsecretors, intensive Lea labeling and weaker or absent Leb labeling. Consequently, the determination of secretor character by ABH labeling could be verified by the behavior of the Lewis antigens. Since both morphologic structures and epithelial antigens are highly resistant to putrefaction, ABO and secretor character can also be diagnosed in badly decomposed tracheal wall specimens.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1985

[Immunohistochemical determination of maternal and child blood groups (ABO) in mature placental tissue].

Using the indirect immunoperoxidase technique (PAP method), ABO characteristics of mother and child were correctly identified in tissue specimens from 10 mature human placentas. In one case, a weak infantile A reaction was overlooked in the agglutination test but correctly identified by immunohistochemistry. In accordance with the weak expression of ABO characteristics in cord blood, immunohistochemical labeling of infantile erythrocytes with monoclonal and human antibodies, as well as Ulex europeaeus agglutinin I (UEA I), was less pronounced than that of mature erythrocytes. Labeling of the chorionic vessel endothelium, in contrast to that of adult endothelial tissue, was negative with anti-A or anti-B but, regardless of the infantile blood group, pronounced with UEA I. Regular identification of the blood groups was possible in decomposed placental tissue stored at room temperature for 1 week, but not in tissue stored for 2 or more weeks.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1985

[Immunoenzyme demonstration of isoantigens A, B and H in kidney tissue changed by putrefaction].

In contrast to blood serology, which usually fails in specimens more than a few days old, immunohistochemistry (PAP technique) provided reliable information on the blood group (ABO) and, in most cases, also the secretor character of 23 kidney specimens stored for months at room temperature. Better results were obtained with monoclonal antibodies than with human sera. In the late stages of decomposition, blood group diagnosis is based on the more decomposition-resistant antigens of the collecting tubular epithelium (in secretors) and the endothelia of the arteriolae medullares rectae and not on the identification of erythrocytic antigens. In addition, a decomposition-resistant epithelial antigen in the distal convoluted tubules (Tc II) is unmasked by autolysis or heterolysis. "Blood group" antigens were frequently detected in bacteria and fungi. These antigens, however, were clearly distinguishable from blood group characters of the tissue. A transient, weak, false-positive reaction with monoclonal anti-B appeared in decomposed Tc II epithelia.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1984

[Incidents and hazards in the use of blank metal clamps with venous catheters].

The use of blank metal clamps resulted in severe damaging of infusion systems in two cases. In one case the silicone tube of a Shaldon catheter was damaged by the clamps and thus became detached from the Luer-Lock syringe connecting piece, whereupon the patient bled to death. In another case the too forcible screwing while fastening a Luer-Lock coupling by means of a metal clamp produced a tear in the connecting piece. The female patient, who sat upright, collapsed and died under the clinical suspicion of air embolism, which, however, could not be confirmed at autopsy. Such incidents are avoidable only if doctors and nurses are carefully trained in the handling of vascular catheters and infusion systems and if they are expressly informed not to use blank metal clamps.

Embolism, Air↗
PubMed1984

[Reye's syndrome with pancreatitis and hypoxic brain damage].

Reye syndrome was observed in a 5 1/2-year-old girl after an appendectomy. It was accompanied by insulin-resistant hyperglycaemia. Central adaptation failure resulted in death on the fourth day of treatment. Post mortem and histological results showed phlegmonous pancreatitis of the excretory type, apart from the established manifestations of Reye syndrome (severe cerebral oedema, excessive hepatic steatosis, moderate fatty degeneration of renal tubuli). Neuropathology revealed exclusively signs of hypoxic damage. Pancreatitis, usually necrotising or haemorrhagic, is not infrequent in Reye's syndrome. Girls are predominantly affected and pancreatitis is associated with a tendency towards sometimes serious hyperglycaemia. The possibility of this complication should be considered in the treatment of Reye syndrome.

Brain Edema↗
PubMed1984

[Immunoenzyme determination of ABO and secretor status in paraffin-embedded autopsy material].

Using the indirect immunoperoxidase technique (PAP method), A, B, and H antigens were identified on formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded kidney tissue from 100 autopsies. Comparison with the serologic findings showed all our blood group determinations to be correct. The labeling of the collecting tubules was evaluated as characteristic of the secretor. The secretor status determined according to this parameter was unequivocally confirmed by the Lewis constellation in 78 of 82 cases; group Le(a-b-) could be differentiated with immunohistochemical methods in secretors and nonsecretors. Determination of ABO blood groups and secretion behavior with immunohistochemical methods was correct even in those cases where classic serology failed due to hemolysis and decomposition. Immunohistologic results obtained with monoclonal antibodies were better than those obtained with human sera.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1984

Inhibition of non-specific leukocyte esterase activity. Absence of monocyte esterase activity due to phosphoric and thiophosphoric acid ester intoxication.

In vitro evaluation of the effect of five insecticidal phosphoric and 11 thiophosphoric acid esters on different, non-specific human leukocytes esterases indicated that most of the organic phosphor compounds studied inhibited the activity of neutral alpha-naphthylacetate esterase, alpha-naphthylbutyryl esterase, and naphthol AS acetate esterase, i.e. the monocyte esterases. The extent of inhibition was dose dependent; the inhibiting dose being identical for the various non-specific esterases. Reactivation with Obidoxim was not successful. Monocyte esterase activity in a human survivor of E 605 intoxication was detectable only after serum acetylcholinesterase had returned to normal levels. The organic phosphor compound studied, however, inhibited neither acid alpha-naphthylacetate esterase nor naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Fatal nitrosamine poisoning.

A case is reported in which progressive liver symptoms with rise in bilirubin concentration, hemorrhagic diathesis, and signs of portal hypertension developed three years before death in liver coma. The pathologic and neuropathologic findings are described. The case was clarified after dimethylnitrosamine was demonstrated in food intended for the patient and after it was established that small amounts of nitrosamine could have been repeatedly ingested by the patient over a period of years. Comparable cases of human dimethylnitrosamine poisonings published in the literature are presented. The relatively typical morphologic alterations in the liver are described. Problems involved in the histological interpretation of such liver changes as well as the forensic conclusions to be drawn are discussed.

Adult↗