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Biomedical subjects

I Ohashi

Publications and source records attributed to I Ohashi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Long-term postoperative courses of hepatocellular carcinoma with and without cirrhosis].

Until the end of August 1988, 158 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma underwent curative hepatic resection in our department. One-hundred and twenty-one patients (77%) had liver cirrhosis (Group A), and the remaining 37 (23%) did not (Group B). Background factors and postoperative courses were compared between Group A and Group B. With regard to clinical stage and curability, there were no significant differences between the two groups. On postoperative follow-up on 1- to 5-year survival, no differences were recognized between the two groups, but on and after 6-year survival, the former were significantly worse than the latter. The main cause of death was cancer in both groups. In group B, all intrahepatic recurrences happened within 3 years after surgery. On the other hand, intrahepatic recurrences of Group A were also found on postoperative 4- and 5-year to be as numerous as the recurrences found at 1-, 2- and 3-year after surgery. Moreover, with recurrent cases on and after 4 years in Group A, the frequency of solitary focus was high. The differences of postoperative courses between these two groups might be caused by metachronous carcinogenesis of cirrhotic liver.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Chemoembolization for liver metastasis from colorectal cancer].

Chemoembolization using Lipiodol, cisplatin, angiotensin II and Gelfoam (modified sandwich therapy) was carried out for the patients with liver metastasis from colorectal cancer. 1. Ten of 30 patients who underwent hepatic resection received TAE before operation, and the remaining 20 underwent surgery without preoperative TAE. Three-year survival of the former was 66%, and that of the latter was 44% (not significant). 2. Twenty-two patients who were assessed as non-resectable were surgically catheterized into the hepatic artery. Thirteen patients received TAE (totally 38 times) and intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy, and the remaining 9 underwent intra-arterial chemotherapy alone. The 50% survival of the former and the latter was 545 and 285 days, respectively. One year survival of the former was significantly better than that of the latter. 3. Fourteen patients had intrahepatic recurrences after hepatic resections. Eight patients received TAE and the remaining 6 did not. The 50% survival of the former was 615 days and that of the latter was 190 days. For one-year survival, the former was significantly better than the latter. These results suggested that TAE is an effective modality for liver metastasis from colorectal cancer.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1990

[Intraarterial and intraportal chemotherapy combined with decollateralization for cholangiocellular carcinoma and metastatic liver cancer].

Two patients with cholangiocarcinoma and one patient with liver metastasis from inflammatory breast cancer underwent catheterization into both hepatic artery and portal vein following decollateralization using silicone rubber sheeting. They received arterial chemoembolization and chemotherapy and portal chemotherapy through the catheters repeatedly. Two patients with cholangiocarcinoma are still alive more than one year after the beginning of the treatments without regrowth of the tumors. The patient with metastatic liver cancer died of lung metastasis, although the liver foci were controlled by procedure. Thus, both intraarterial and intraportal chemotherapy combined with decollateralization by silicone rubber sheeting seems to be effective for advanced cholangiocarcinoma and metastatic carcinoma.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1984

Endoscopic intramural injection of anti-neoplastic emulsion.

With the aim of establishing a topical chemotherapy against stomach carcinoma, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) emulsion (oil/water type) for injection has been developed. The drug distribution was analyzed by 5-FU bioassay and radiographic examination of soft parts, for which radiopaque Lipiodol was employed in an oil phase. In order to examine local toxicity, tissue retention, and transfer to lymph nodes of 5-FU emulsion, the drug was administered perorally to rats and injected intramurally through the gastric serosa into laparotomized dogs. Following this series of experiments, which gave satisfactory results, the time courses of drug concentration in the gastric wall and regional lymph nodes were studied as a pre-clinical trial, by applying endoscopic intramural injection of 5-FU emulsion or solution in dogs. The anti-metastatic and anti-neoplastic effects of 5-FU emulsion were investigated in an experimental model of lymph node metastasis in mice. The emulsion was more effective in subduing metastasis and tumor growth than the solution, and the effectiveness of the former was further augmented by the use of repeated injections rather than a single injection. This method of endoscopic injection of 5-FU emulsion should be of great value as a local therapeutic measure against stomach carcinoma itself as well as against metastatic lesions in the lymph nodes.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

[Studies on carcinoma of the remnant stomach after distal gastrectomy].

Sixty-one patients with carcinoma of the remnant stomach after distal gastrectomy were admitted by the end of 1982. Twenty-six of them were gastrectomized for benign disease such as peptic ulcer and 35 for malignant disease such as gastric carcinoma. The age of the benign group was 58, and the average interval from the first operation was 19 years. The corresponding figures for the malignant group were 63 and 8 years, respectively. In the malignant group, the methods of anastomosis at the first operation were 18 cases of Billroth-I (B-I) and 17 of B-II. The lesion was located at the surgical stump in 7 patients and distant from the stump in 14 patients in this group. In the benign group, there were 10 cases of B-I and 16 of B-II, and no differences were seen in the location. Early carcinoma was noted in 11 patients, and 34 were advanced. Differentiated adenocarcinoma was observed in 25 cases and undifferentiated in 20 in the resected specimen. Although no metastases were seen in early cases, the rate of lymph node metastasis was 70%, and the five-year survival rate was 21% in advanced cases, and 80% in early cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Changes of hemoglobin values in venous blood during pregnancy].

In order to establish new diagnostic criteria for anemia of pregnancy on the basis of physiologic changes in Hb values during pregnancy, 4,670 measured values of Hb in venous blood during pregnancy, which were obtained by the cyanmethemoglobin method from 1,000 pregnant women, were examined. The blood samples were collected at two-week intervals between the 4th and 39th weeks of pregnancy. The following results were obtained. Significant correlations between Hb values and serum iron values, total iron binding capacity values, transferrin values and serum total protein values were observed. The following diagnostic criteria for anemia of pregnancy were proposed: M. +/- S.D. of Hb as the lowest normal value and considering the actual rate of distribution, 11.5 g/dl of Hb at 6 +/- 1 weeks of pregnancy, 10.5 g/dl at the 16 +/- 1 weeks, 10.0 g/dl at 28 +/- 1 weeks, 10.0 g/dl at 32 +/- 1 weeks and 10.5 g/dl at 36 +/- 1 weeks (based on results obtained in the Yokosuka district). The lowest value for Hb and the maximum rate of decrease during pregnancy available for the diagnosis of anemia of the pregnancy are reported.

Female↗
PubMed1983

[Metachronous triple malignant lymphoma of the stomach].

A 72-year-old female who had undergone partial gastrectomy (Billroth I method) 8 years earlier because of a diagnosis of malignant carcinoma of the stomach (histopathological diagnosis: ML. Histiocytic, Diffuse--Rappaport--) visited our hospital because of dysphagia for the past three months. X-ray and fiberscopic examination revealed the same malignancy in the remnant stomach. Curative extirpation of the remnant stomach, resection of the lower esophagus and pancreatosplenectomy were performed. There were two lesions in the resected specimen. One was a large tumor of Borrmann 3 type (8 cm in diameter) at the EGJ; the other was a small IIc-like tumor (2 cm in diameter) at the surgical stump on the lessercurvature. These three metachronous malignant lymphomas returned the same pathological findings. Compared to carcinoma, malignant lymphoma of the stomach occurs more frequently in the fornix and the tendency for multiple occurrence is strong. When partial gastrectomy is performed for malignant lymphoma of the stomach, follow-up of the remnant stomach must be carried out carefully.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Intramural injection of anticancer emulsion by gastroendoscopy].

Attempting to establish a topical chemotherapy for stomach cancer, injectable 5-FU emulsion (O/W type) has been developed. The distribution of 5-FU was analyzed by the procedures of quantification and X-rays. The combination of lipiodol having a contrast ability in the oil phase was studied. During the endoscopic examination before operation, 1.0 ml of 5-FU was injected at a site, a total of 50 ml at 2 to 4 sites in the submucosal tissue of the lesion. From the result of examination of 5-FU distribution in the extracted stomach and lymph node, it was confirmed that the drug was retained at the site of injection. In addition, 0.017-0.056 microgram/g on the average of 5-FU concentration was transferred to the secondary lymph node. At the same time, its distribution was monitored by X-rays. In those cases which received intermittent administration for twice or more before operation, the 5-FU concentration was detected at a higher rate than in cases receiving a single dose. This suggests that the therapy is markedly effective for stomach cancer and its metastasis to the lymph node as topical therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Long-term follow-up study of gastric cancer patients treated with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy with mitomycin C.

A group of 496 cases was used in a controlled trial to study the possible value of mitomycin C as an adjuvant to curative surgery for gastric cancer. Patients assigned to receive the drug were given mitomycin C, 0.8 mg/kg body weight intravenously, twice a week for 5 weeks immediately after surgery. The control group was treated with surgery alone. Sixty-six patients were excluded from the study because of non-curative surgery. There was no over-all difference in survival and cancer death rates at 5 and 10 years between treated and control groups. However, a survival rate 18.6% higher at 5 years was observed in the subset of patients who had moderately advanced lymphatic metastases, and a survival rate 26.4% higher at 5 years was observed in the subset of patients who had involved serosa. The difference in cancer death rate was 14.5 and 24.0% in each subset, respectively. These significant differences persisted at 10 years. The effect of chemotherapy seemed to result from the successful inhibition of peritoneal dissemination and local recurrence. An adverse effect was observed in patients in the early stages cancer. These results suggest that mitomycin C could be useful as an adjuvant to curative surgery for moderately advanced stages of gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Difference between effects of conjugated estrogen on neurotics and non-neurotics of climacteric women complaining of menopausal symptoms and its clinical application for their screening.

In order to screen the neurotics and non-neurotics of climacteric women with menopausal symptoms, conjugated estrogen was injected intravenously and the reactions were compared. Menopausal symptoms were represented by Kupperman's menopausal index. After estrogen injection the non-neurotics showed a decrease of the index, i.e., alleviation of the symptoms, while the neurotics showed no change of the index. Taking advantage of this difference, a discriminant function between neurotics and non-neurotics was calculated using, as variables, Kupperman's menopasual indices determined before and after administration of the conjugated estrogen. The calculative screening obtained from this discriminant function yielded consistency with clinical diagnosis in about 94% of the neurotics and about 87% of the non-neurotics, suggesting that this test is of value in the screening of neurotics and non-neurotics in the climacteric women with menopausal symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A new method for the screening of unidentified complaints syndrome in pre-, mid- and post-menopausal women.

A new simple test for the screening of pre-, mid- and post-menopausal women with unidentified complaints overlaid by psychiatric disorders has been devised. This test is performed by intravenous injection of conjugated estrogen and by comparing Kupperman's menopausal indices before and after the injection. That is, the discriminant function between groups with and without psychiatric abnormalities was obtained from Kupperman's menopausal indices before and after intravenous injection of conjugated estrogen, and from this function was made a calculative differential diagnosis between the two groups. The calculative diagnosis agreed fairly well with the clinical diagnosis by the psychiatrist.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fibromuscular disease of the brachial artery with digital emboli treated effectively by transluminal angioplasty.

We present a 45-year-old male with fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) of the left brachial artery causing microemboli with digital ischemia. The angiographic diagnosis was medial fibroplasia. Treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), the corrugated arterial wall was made smooth and production of new thrombi apparently stopped, as 3.5 years after PTA the patient has had no recurrence. Although FMD of the brachial artery is rarely encountered, PTA seems to be an effective treatment as an alternative to surgical interposition grafting.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differential diagnosis of early homogeneously enhancing hepatocellular carcinoma and hemangioma by two-phase CT.

PURPOSE: Our goal was to differentiate between early homogeneously enhancing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hemangioma by two-phase CT. METHOD: Two phase images of 51 HCCs and 28 hemangiomas showing homogeneous high attenuation in the first series (arterial dominant phase) were reviewed. Enhancement patterns of the lesions in the second series (parenchymal phase) were classified as homogeneous high, peripheral high, iso-, and low attenuation. The attenuation values of all and the enhancement values of some (21 HCCs and 18 hemangiomas) in the first series were calculated. RESULTS: Although low and peripheral high attenuation patterns were seen during the second series only in HCCs (n = 35), which could be used to correctly diagnose HCC, other nonspecific patterns were demonstrated in both HCCs (n = 16) and hemangiomas (n = 28). The attenuation values of 49 of the 51 HCCs and 5 of the 28 hemangiomas were below 130 HU on the first series. The enhancement values of all 21 HCCs and 3 of 18 hemangiomas were below 70 HU. Combining the enhancement patterns with a borderline attenuation value of 130 HU or borderline enhancement value of 70 HU yielded overall accuracies of 94 and 92%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The combined criteria (enhancement pattern plus attenuation or enhancement value) were useful for differentiating between early homogeneously enhancing HCCs and hemangiomas.

Adult↗