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Biomedical subjects

I O'Connor

Publications and source records attributed to I O'Connor.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Modulation of UVA light-induced oxidative stress by beta-carotene, lutein and astaxanthin in cultured fibroblasts.

The ability of beta-carotene, lutein or astaxanthin to protect against UVA-induced oxidative stress in rat kidney fibroblasts (NRK) was assessed. Activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and changes in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were measured as indices of oxidative stress. Exposure to UVA light at a dose intensity of 5.6 mW/cm2 for 4 h resulted in a significant decrease in CAT and SOD activities and a significant increase in TBARS. No cytotoxicity, as indicated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, was observed. beta-Carotene (1 microM), lutein (1 microM) and astaxanthin (10 nM) protect against UVA light-induced oxidative stress in vitro with astaxanthin exhibiting superior protective properties.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Child adjustment in high conflict families.

Children exposed to spousal violence are at risk for social-emotional problems. This research investigated a number of family and child factors which might influence the effects of witnessing spousal violence on young children. Fifty-four mothers who had at least one child in the age range of 3 to 6 years participated in the study. These women had left a violent relationship 12 to 24 months prior to their participation in the study and were not in a new relationship. Information was collected through a structured interview which included the administration of a standardized family violence measure (conflict tactics scale) and child adjustment profile (child behaviour checklist). Forty-two per cent of the children exhibited a level of behavioural problems which would warrant clinical intervention. The amount of violence that the children witnessed, the children's responses when the violence occurred and whether the child copied the violent partner's behaviour, were associated with the children's behavioural adjustment scores. Maternal parenting style was not found to have a significant effect on behavioural adjustment. The study provided important quantitative and qualitative data on the nature of parent-child relationships and children's adjustment in families where there is spousal violence.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1993

'Correctable undetected visual acuity deficit' in patients aged 65 and over attending an accident and emergency department.

The rate of occurrence of correctable undetected visual acuity deficit (CUVAD) in a population of patients aged 65 and over was investigated, using a pinhole screening method, to compare the sociodemographic and optical eye care habits of patients with or without a functionally significant CUVAD. Of 136 patients 46 (34%) were found to have a functionally significant CUVAD in one or both eyes which was not significantly associated with optician or general practitioner contact, age, sex, social class, living situation, or number of medications. Half the patients with significant CUVAD had not attended for 2 years mainly because of financial considerations. Three quarters attended of their own volition; only one in seven were prompted by opticians' postal invitations. It was concluded that a significant degree of CUVAD could be detected using a simple procedure which can be carried out by general practitioners as part of their general elderly health screen.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Dopamine and apomorphine do not modulate the uptake of [3H]D-aspartate in the rat striatum in-vitro.

Sodium-dependent [3H]D-aspartate uptake was measured in rat striatal homogenates. The uptake was inhibited by both L- and D-glutamate, with IC50 values of 5.6 and 224 microM, respectively. Dopamine (10(-7)-10(-4) M), apomorphine (10(-7) M), sulpiride (10(-6) M) or a combination of dopamine and sulpiride were found not to affect the observed uptake of [3H]D-aspartate. Thus, the in-vitro dopaminergic modulation of high affinity glutamate uptake reported in the literature is not found when [3H]D-aspartate is used instead of [3H]L-glutamate.

Animals↗
PubMed1970

Heterophoria.

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Adolescent↗