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Biomedical subjects

I Neu

Publications and source records attributed to I Neu.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Leukotrienes in the cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients.

The concentration of the leukotrienes B4 (LTB4) and C4 (LTC4) was measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 38 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and 51 with other neurological diseases. The LTB4 and LTC4 levels were significantly elevated in MS compared with the controls. The findings suggest that lipoxygenase products might play a pathogenetic role in the early, encephalitogenic phase of MS. The administration of lipoxygenase inhibitors or leukotriene antagonists might well open new perspectives for the treatment of MS.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Suppression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by sulfasalazine.

It has recently been suggested that the sulfidopeptide leukotriene C4 (LTC4), a 5-lipoxygenase product of the arachidonic acid metabolism and one of the most potent mediators of vascular permeability, might be involved in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Subsequently, 20 guinea pigs with EAE were treated with sulfasalazine, a substance with a proved leukotriene inhibiting effect, which has previously been described as exerting beneficial effects in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis. The sulfasalazine-treated guinea pigs showed a significantly better clinical outcome, as well as a significantly lower histological inflammation score compared with 19 controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Suppression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by dual cyclo-oxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase inhibition.

The release of leukotriene C4 (LTC4), an important 5-lipoxygenase product of the arachidonic acid metabolism from polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNLs) of guinea pigs with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model of MS, has been found to be significantly increased compared with healthy animals. Subsequently, the dual cyclo-oxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor BW755C was applied to 15 guinea pigs with EAE. Two control groups (15 each) were treated with the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor indomethacin or physiological saline, respectively. In the BW755C treated group, no animal developed symptoms of the disease in contrast to, respectively, 5 and 3 animals in the 2 other groups. Histological examination of the CNS revealed a highly significantly lower inflammation score in the BW755C treated animals, and the release of LTC4 from PMNLs was highly significantly decreased in this group compared with each of the others. The findings suggest that the vascular permeability enhancing LTC4 plays a pathogenetic role in EAE and indicate that inhibition of this sulfidopeptide leukotriene suppresses the disease. Therefore, the application of leukotriene inhibitors could contribute to the future treatment of MS.

4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyraz↗
PubMed1987

Leukotrienes B4 and C4 in MS.

Release of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and leukotriene C4 (LTC4) from neutrophils and platelet-neutrophil suspensions in response to ionophore A23187 was measured in 12 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and 8 healthy volunteers. LTC4 release from neutrophils, as well as from platelet-neutrophil suspensions, was significantly decreased in MS patients compared with the controls. There was no significant difference in the release of LTB4 between MS patients and controls. The findings suggest that permanent stimulation of platelets and neutrophils e.g., by encephalitogenic peptide leads to continuous LTC4 release with subsequent depletion of intracellular substrates serving as precursors for the formation of 5-lipoxygenase products. Since the target of microvascular actions of LTC4 are postcapillary venules, the release of this sulfidopeptide leukotriene might play a pathogenetic role in the formation of MS lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Encephalitogenic peptide and platelet aggregation in multiple sclerosis.

Platelet aggregation (PA) stimulated by encephalitogenic peptide (EP) and PA induced by ADP were measured in 83 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and 70 control subjects with other neurological diseases (OND). EP-stimulated PA was significantly increased in MS patients as compared with the controls. There was no significant difference in ADP-induced PA between patients with MS and OND. The results are discussed in terms of EP-stimulated platelets playing a role in the pathogenesis of MS by affecting the venular permeability of the brain.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1982

[Cluster headache].

Cluster headache is a defined disorder which is often mistaken in spite of its characteristic picture. The different types of cluster headache and their clinical symptoms are reviewed in detail. Predisposing factors, frequency of other medical disorders as well as personal and psychological characteristics are described. The treatment of the attack and the prophylaxis includes ergot alkaloids, methysergide, cortisone, lithium and oxygen. Some aspects of etiology and pathogenesis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Investigations of the lipid metabolism of the white matter in multiple sclerosis: changes in glycero-phosphatides and lipid-splitting enzymes.

Phospho- and galacto- lipids and lipidhydrolyzing enzymes have been determined in the white matter of a young patient with a subacute course of multiple sclerosis (MS). Significant changes were observed for the concentration of glycerophosphatides and the fatty acid pattern of the normal appearing with matter surrounding MS-plaques. Among the individual glycerophosphatides a significant decrease of phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol was found, whereas the ethanolamine containing phosphatides showed lower figures (non significant). The fatty acid pattern of the ethanolamine-phosphatide-fraction of the diseased tissue a decrease of the 18:1 and the sum of 20:1 and 18:3 fatty acids as compared to the normal control, whereas the highly unsaturated, long-chained fatty acids 20:4 (arachidonic acid) and 22:6 (docosahexaenic acid) were elevated. The measurement of lipidhydrolyzing enzymes resulted in an increased phospholipase A1 activity in the diseased tissue. The experimental data point to a decreased activity of the fatty acid elongation system in the course of MS. The decrease of the acidic glycerophosphatides might be due to the increased phospholipase A1 activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Cerebrospinal fluid passage of therapeutic immunoglobulins of the IgG class in infectious inflammatory disease of the CNS].

Immunoglobulins are often used as an optimizing therapy in cases of infectious diseases of the central nervous system. To clarify the question of whether or not an intravenously administered compound of the IgG class is able to penetrate the cerebrospinal fluid barrier despite its high molecular weight, 12 anti-HBs negative patients received 20 ml each of a beta-Propiolacton treated IgG compound with a high anti-HBs titre (1 : 115 000) used as a marker. Four patients having an inconspicuous fluid condition were consulted for control. Five patients were suffering from slight disturbances and three other patients had severe disorders of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier function resulting from inflammatory diseases of the central nervous systems. Cerebrospinal fluid was produced by way of lumbar puncture resp. drainage for the determination of anti-HBs. Simultaneously, the concentration of antibodies in serum was determined. In all patients having barrier disturbances, anti-HBs was evident in the cerebrospinal fluid, the transfer of intravenously administered immunoglobulins to cerebrospinal fluid increasing in correlation with the degree of the barrier disorder. The therapeutical importance of immunoglobulin therapy in treating infections of the central nervous system is pointed out.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Liver biopsy findings in neurologic diseases with special reference to multiple sclerosis].

The histological results of 112 blind liver biopsies in eight etiologically different neurological diseases are reported in which there was no clinically obvious reason for suspecting a liver disease. An unexpectedly high level of morphological liver changes were found in primary diseases of the central nervous system on one hand, which, on the other showed no specificity for a particular neurological disease group. A direct conclusion on the genesis of the individual neurological disease is, however, not possible from the histopathological picture. If one compares the results of the multiple sclerosis patients with these of patients with other neurological diseases there is a great similarity with the myatrophic lateral sclerosis but also with the infectious diseases of the central nervous system.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1981

[Encephalitis].

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Adolescent↗