Biomedical subjects

I Nakajima

Publications and source records attributed to I Nakajima.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

Extramedullary plasmacytoma producing biclonal gammopathy.

A case of extramedullary plasmacytoma presenting with biclonal gammopathy is reported. The patient was an 82-year-old man in whom monoclonal-protein (M-protein) was not noted during his first hospitalization. On his second hospitalization generalized lymph node swelling and biclonal gammopathy (IgG-kappa, IgA-kappa) were observed. Histological findings were compatible with those of extramedullary plasmacytoma. In the terminal stages, the patient became cachexic. The autopsy disclosed dissemination of the plasmacytoma. Only two other cases have been reported in the literature, and a review of these previous reports is included.

Aged↗

PubMed1993

Thigh pain in cementless total hip replacement.

The incidence of thigh pain was investigated in 51 joints implanted with model Y or YII cementless total hip system. The 51 patients were followed for one or more years after surgery. Twenty-six out of 51 implanted with the model Y, and the other 25 with the model YII. Thigh pain appeared in 11 out of 26 patients (43%) replaced by model Y and in only 2 out of 25 (8%) replaced by model Y II. The difference in the incidence of thigh pain was attributed to the difference in the extent of the press fit of the stem, stress distribution and postoperative activity. To prevent thigh pain, a favorable press fit must be achieved during surgery, and the excessive weight-bearing must be restricted in postoperative course. In our improved stem design, stress is distributed uniformly on the interface between the bone and the stem resulting in reduction of thigh pain.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Correlation between nucleolar organizer regions visualized by silver staining and the growth rate in lung adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The value of nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) visualized by silver staining (AgNOR) for the histologic differentiation, pathologic staging, and estimation of growth rate was assessed by the investigation of paraffin sections from 58 lung adenocarcinomas. AgNOR consist of NOR-associated proteins, and the number of AgNOR might be related to proliferative activity. METHODS: In lung adenocarcinoma, the growth rate can be measured by means of chest radiographs. Using this technique, the authors studied the correlation between the mean number of AgNOR and growth rate. RESULTS: The mean number of AgNOR ranged from 1.8 to 6.3 (mean +/- standard deviation, 4.0 +/- 0.8). Neither the degree of histologic differentiation nor the pathologic staging was related to the AgNOR count. The tumor growth rate was estimated on the basis of the doubling time in the chest radiographs of 13 patients. The doubling time ranged from 80 to 760 days. There was a high inverse correlation between the AgNOR count and the doubling time (r = -0.910; P less than 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Thus, it appears to be possible to use the mean number of AgNOR as an index of proliferative activity.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1992

Nucleolar organiser regions as a marker of growth rate in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.

BACKGROUND: The numbers of nucleolar organiser regions (AgNORs) per cell has been considered as an indicator of the cellular proliferative activity. A study was carried out to examine whether AgNOR numbers relate to the growth rate in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. METHODS: AgNORs were stained by a one step silver method, and examined in representative paraffin sections from 45 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung treated by surgical resection of the primary tumour. RESULTS: The mean (SD) AgNOR numbers per cell in squamous cell carcinomas (5.3 (0.9)) were significantly higher than those in normal bronchial epithelium (1.2 (0.1)). There was no statistical difference among tumours of different post-surgical stages (stage I = 5.2 (0.8), II = 5.9 (1.4), III A = 5.5 (1.3)). The tumour volume doubling time in these cases ranged from 74 to 208 days (120.7 (40.4)). There was a high inverse correlation between the AgNOR numbers and doubling time. CONCLUSION: The AgNOR numbers were related to the growth rate of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Thus the AgNOR count could be used as a useful marker for investigating the cellular proliferative activity.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Modified hemoglobin solution as possible perfusate relevant to organ transplantation.

A modified hemoglobin solution ( - conjugate solution, PHP solution) has very interesting characteristics such as oxygen-carrying property without corpuscular components. Experimental use of the PHP solution has shown promising possibilities as a perfusate relevant to organ transplantations. 1) Elongation of warm ischemic time in canine kidneys: Dogs survived even with the unilateral kidneys which had been exposed up to 4.5 hour warm ischemia and, thereafter, perfused with the PHP solution. 2) Elongation of perfusion preservation period of canine livers: Dogs survived with the transplanted livers which had been perfused for 48 hours with the PHP solution. 3) Successful perfusion of rat small intestine: Lewis rat intestines perfused and preserved for 12 hours with the PHP solution showed a higher survival rate compared with those with Collins or UW solution. 4) Removal of antibodies: By exchange transfusion with a total of 30-60 ml of the PHP solution, a Lewis rat hematocrit lowered to 5% while IgG went down to nil from 8970 mg/dl, IgA to 28 mg/dl from 118 mg/dl and IgM to 190 mg/dl from 897 mg/dl. This technique is expected to be applicable for removal of the naturally existing antibodies in xenotransplantation.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[A case of round atelectasis associated with spontaneous pneumothorax].

A 59-year-old female was admitted for spontaneous pneumothorax. After evacuation, the chest X-ray film showed a round mass lesion at the left hilum. Following curettage and bronchoalveolar lavage of the left B3c, the mass became smaller, suggesting the diagnosis of round atelectasis. This is the first report of round atelectasis complicated by spontaneous pneumothorax. The mechanism of this case is suggested to resemble that of round atelectasis associated with pleural effusion.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗

PubMed1992

[Evaluation of implantation of a cancer chemotherapeutic vascular access device: report of 91 cases].

Between April 1984 and December 1990, 91 patients with advanced cancer were implanted with vascular-access-devices 97 times. The results were as follows. When the patients were divided into two groups according to the implantation, namely the earlier (until December 1986) and later (from January 1987) periods, the earlier patency rate was higher than later due to improvement of instruments and progress in the implantation technique. There was no significant difference in the rate of patency or complications between the abdominal and femoral method, but the femoral method had some subcutaneous hematomas. The direct femoral pathway is less invasive, correct and effectively therapeutic method.

Catheters, Indwelling↗

PubMed1992

[Operative risk of splenic repair for isolated but complex splenic injuries due to blunt abdominal trauma].

Surgical repair for complex splenic trauma is often controversial, because the operative risk of splenic salvage may exceed the risk of overwhelming postsplenectomy infection (OPSI). To determine the operative risk of splenic salvage for such injuries, 19 cases of isolated but complex injuries among 73 cases of blunt splenic trauma were examined retrospectively. Shattered spleens were excluded from the study. Splenic repair was accomplished successfully in all 10 attempted cases. Prior to the repair, vascular isolation and temporal occlusion of splenic artery was done to control the bleeding from injured spleen. In another 9 cases, splenectomy was immediately performed after laparotomy. Total amount of blood loss and operative morbidity in each group were not different, and no death occurred in both groups. Operative time was longer in group of splenic repair (112 +/- 20 min) in comparison to splenectomy group (71 +/- 23 min). Postoperative peripheral platelet count, serum IgM level, and finding of RBC scan showed adequate functional activity of the repaired spleen. In conclusion, it is felt that surgical repair should be attempted for isolated but complex splenic injury, and that the spleen should be preferably repaired even with associated injuries, unless prolonged operative time does not increase operative risk to more than that of OPSI.

Abdominal Injuries↗

PubMed1992

[A case of bronchial actinomycosis associated with bronchoscopically removed broncholith].

A 57-year-old woman with bronchial actinomycosis associated with broncholith is presented. She had suffered from fever and productive cough for 7 years. Her chest roentgenograms showed atelectasis of the middle lobe and calcification in the middle lobe bronchus. Bronchoscopic examination revealed a broncholith covered with pus and granulomatous tissue. The biopsy specimen revealed sulfur granules containing a partially calcified lesion, and it was diagnosed as actinomycosis. After treatment with antibiotics, the broncholith became movable, and it was removed bronchoscopically. Its shape was like a molding of the right middle lobe bronchus. We speculate that the growth of this broncholith partially resulted from chronic inflammation associated with actinomycelial infection.

Actinomycosis↗

PubMed1992

Enhanced cell-mediated cytotoxicity by interferon-gamma and interleukin-2 against syngeneic murine mammary adenocarcinoma.

The effect of murine recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on cell-mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cells in vitro and in vivo was investigated using a spontaneously developed, weakly immunogenic, syngeneic murine mammary adenocarcinoma, designated JC, as the target. Preincubation of JC tumor cells with IFN-gamma increased the susceptibility of lysis by both cytotoxic T lymphocytes and interleukin-2 (IL-2)-induced lymphokine-activated killer cells in an IFN-gamma dose-dependent manner. A direct injection of IFN-gamma (10,0000 U/d) daily for 5 consecutive days into the JC tumor nodule on the backs of BALB/c mice reduced the tumor growth in comparison with that of the control group. This antitumor activity was further enhanced by combination with a simultaneous intraperitoneal injection of IL-2 (300,000 IU/d) daily for 5 consecutive days. Phenotypic examination of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes after injection of IFN-gamma plus IL-1 revealed an increased percentage of the cells expressing asialo GM1, L3T4, and IL-2 receptors. Additionally, an enhanced expression of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules on the JC tumor cells was detected. These results indicated that a direct injection of IFN-gamma into the tumor accompanied with the administration of IL-2, by enhancing cell-mediated immunity of the hosts and expression of major histocompatibility complex class I antigens on target cells, will be of potential clinical value.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1992

[A case of occult breast carcinoma with micronodular shadows on chest x-ray film].

A 57-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for the evaluation of roentgenological micronodular shadows of the bilateral middle and lower lung fields. Physical findings were normal except for left axillary lymph adenopathy. The level of tumor marker NCC-ST-439 was markedly elevated (2800 U/ml). Histological examination of the transbronchial biopsy and the swollen lymph node biopsy specimens showed proliferation of identical tumor cells. Breast or lung carcinoma was suspected as the primary site. Echogram of the left breast showed microcalcification without a mass. The biopsy specimen obtained from the calcified lesion indicated occult breast carcinoma. From these findings the diffuse micronodular shadows on the chest roentgenogram were considered to be the metastatic lesions of occult breast carcinoma. This case indicates that occult breast carcinoma should be considered as a possible primary site for diffuse pulmonary metastatic lesions.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗

PubMed1991

Nucleolar organizer regions in precancerous and cancerous lesions of the bronchus.

Using a silver staining technique, nucleolar organizer region-associated proteins (Ag-NOR) were studied in paraffin sections of five specimens of normal bronchial epithelium, eight of atypical squamous metaplasia, five of carcinoma in situ, and seven of microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma. The mean number of Ag-NOR in the nucleus were normal epithelium 1.2 +/- 0.1 (mean +/- SD), atypical squamous metaplasia (borderline lesion) 2.2 +/- 0.5, carcinoma in situ 3.8 +/- 0.6, and microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma 4.8 +/- 1.1. There was a highly significant difference between the Ag-NOR numbers in the atypical squamous metaplasia and those in the carcinoma in situ (P less than 0.01). The Ag-NOR staining is a useful technique for the differential diagnosis of difficult borderline lesions in the bronchial epithelium.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗

PubMed1991

Synergistic antitumor activity of interleukin-2 and cimetidine against syngeneic murine tumor.

Cimetidine, an H2 histamine receptor antagonist, is a potent immunomodulating agent, which acts by inhibiting suppressor T lymphocyte function. The present work investigated the effect, if any, of cimetidine on interleukin-2 (IL-2)-induced natural killer (NK) and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell activities, and on in vivo antitumor activity using syngeneic colon 26 adenocarcinoma as the model. Mimicking the clinical conditions, all in vitro experiments were evaluated with the splenocytes prepared from tumor-bearing BALB/c mice. Ten days after subcutaneous inoculation of tumor cells (5 x 10(5)), animals were treated intraperitoneally daily with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), cimetidine (2 mg kg-1 day-1), IL-2 (300,000 IU/day), or cimetidine plus IL-2 for 7 consecutive days. The treatment of IL-2 plus cimetidine increased NK and LAK cell activities significantly and synergistically at the end of the treatment (i.e. on day 18) as well as 1 week after the treatment (i.e. on day 25), in comparison with those of the control groups (PBS, cimetidine alone, IL-2 alone). Also, in vivo antitumor activity, as analyzed by a Kaplan-Meier life table with the log-rank test, revealed a significantly prolonged survival in the group treated with IL-2 plus cimetidine compared to the control groups. Phenotyping performed on the murine splenocytes on day 18 indicated a significant reduction in Lyt2-positive cells in the cimetidine-treated group in comparison with the PBS group. A significant increase in asialo GM1-positive cells and IL-2-receptor-positive cells was detected in the group treated with IL-2 plus cimetidine in comparison with the PBS and IL-2 control groups. Therefore, this study indicates a synergistic enhancement of IL-2-induced NK and LAK cell activities in tumor-bearing hosts by cimetidine, a noncytotoxic inhibitor of suppressor T function, and a significantly prolonged survival of tumor-bearing animals treated by IL-2 plus cimetidine. It also suggests the clinical potential of combination therapy of IL-2 with cimetidine.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1991

Cortical potentials associated with voluntary biting movement in humans.

We compared the distribution of Bereitschaftspotentials (BPs) on both sides of the scalp preceding jaw biting movements in order to identify the relationship between the cortical regions and the activation of the masseter muscle in 10 healthy subjects. The BPs were recorded from the midline-central, central and temporal areas of the scalp according to the international 10-20 system, preceding self-paced biting on one side. The cortical negative potentials began 1.0 approximately 1.5 s before the EMG onset of the masseter muscle. All of these negative potentials could be considered to be BPs, and the additional negative slope component (NS) occurred 70 approximately 80 ms before the EMG onset of the masseter muscle. The BPs were detected from all the recorded regions of the scalp, while the NS was observed only from the bilateral temporal area. The amplitudes of BPs and NSs were largest in the temporal areas (T3 and T4) that were ipsilateral to the biting. The rates of occurrence of NS at T3 and T4 ipsilateral temporal areas were 80% and 60%, respectively. These results suggest that unilateral biting movements may be controlled mainly from the ipsilateral hemisphere.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Arthroscopic surgery of the hip joint.

Hip arthroscopic examination of 196 joints was performed in 104 patients treated during the past 4 years. Of these, 11 joints were treated by arthroscopic surgery. We have developed a technique using a two-directional approach that facilitates a global view of joint areas and allows simpler performance of surgical procedures. Removal of loose bodies, joint debridement in osteoarthritis, and synovectomy in rheumatoid arthritis are good indications for arthroscopic surgery of the hip joint. Short-term follow-up was satisfactory, and a reduction of pain was obtained in all patients. Although the joint space of the hip is narrower and the operative technique is more difficult to perform than in the knee, we believe that arthroscopic surgery of the hip is a suitable method in selected cases.

Arthroscopy↗

PubMed1991

Prostaglandin E2 from macrophages of murine splenocyte cultures inhibits the generation of lymphokine-activated killer cell activity.

The present work investigated the association between prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) from macrophages and its inhibition of murine lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell generation. The coculture of indomethacin with interleukin-2 (IL-2) augmented LAK cell activity in an indomethacin dose-response manner, and diminished PGE2 content in the corresponding culture supernatant in a reverse dose-response manner. The correlation between the increase in LAK cell activity and the decrease in PGE2 content was highly significant. Identical results were obtained with diclofenac. A profound inhibition of LAK cell activity by exogenous PGE2 in a dose-response manner was detected. Polyclonal anti-PGE2 antiserum augmented in a dose-dependent manner the LAK cell activity, by neutralizing PGE2 in the medium. A reduction of PGE2 content in the culture supernatant was also detected when the macrophage subpopulations were cultured and was indomethacin dose-dependent. In comparison with that of normal mouse splenocytes, the incubation of whole splenocytes of tumor-bearing mice, which contained a greater subpopulation of macrophages (24% vs. 12%), produced a greater PGE2 content and a correspondingly depressed LAK cell activity. Additionally, PGE2 reduced protein kinase C (PKC) activity along with LAK cell activity generated from macrophage-depleted T cells and natural-killer-like cells. These results overall indicate that PGE2 from macrophages in murine splenocyte cultures inhibits the LAK cell generation, and PKC may be involved in the inhibition mechanism.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1991

[Nucleolar organizer regions, nuclear DNA content, and proliferative activity in adenocarcinoma of the lung].

The relationship between the quantity of silver-binding nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs), nuclear DNA content, and proliferative activity was studied in 61 patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung. The proliferative activity of adenocarcinoma was estimated by tumor volume doubling time based on chest X-ray findings. There was a high, inverse correlation between the AgNORs and the tumor doubling time (p less than 0.001, r = -0.815), and the contribution rate was high value (2 = 0.664). However, the AgNORs value was an independent prognostic factor for survival time. A better 5-year survival rate was observed in patients with DNA diploidy than in DNA aneuploidy, but there was no statistical difference between the two groups. There was an inverse correlation between the DNA index and tumor doubling time (p less than 0.05, r = -0.565), but the contribution rate had a low value (r2 = 0.319). These results indicate that the AgNORs value is important in providing an estimate of the proliferative activity of adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1991

[A case of bronchial artery aneurysm demonstrating a mass shadow on chest X-ray film].

A 66-year-old woman was admitted on May 13, 1989, because of an abnormal round shadow in the right hilum on chest X-ray film. Bronchoscopy revealed a stenosis of the right B8 caused by a bulging lesion. An aortogram showed a large meandering bronchial artery and a saccular aneurysm. The aneurysm was about 25 mm in diameter and associated with a bronchopulmonary anastomosis. It was surgically removed by right lower lobectomy. Pathological examination proved that the resected lesion was an arterial aneurysm. Patchy arteriosclerotic change was present in the intima of the aneurysm, but there was no evidence of inflammatory change in the arterial wall and the adjacent alveoli and bronchi. Twenty-six cases of bronchial artery aneurysm have been previously reported in the literature, but this is the first case that appeared as a solitary nodule on conventional chest X-ray.

Aneurysm↗