Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

I Nagano

Publications and source records attributed to I Nagano.

121 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Fundamental studies on serological diagnosis of amoebiasis. 1. Application of amoebic antigen for CF test to ELISA].

We studied the establishment of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using amoebic antigen for complement fixation (CF) test. Optimal dilution for ELISA of sera from patients was 1:100, and that of CF-antigen was 1:400. The upper limit of the 99% critical range of the reaction of negative sera was 0.068 (cut-off level). Absorbance of sera from patients diluted 1:100 to antigen and antibody titers of ELISA were strongly correlated, so it was possible to estimate antibody titers from absorbance of serum diluted 1:100. ELISA and CF test were done to compare sensitivity of the tests using 63 sera from patients with invasive amoebic disease. The sensitivity of ELISA compared well with CF test (62 sera were positive by ELISA and 61 by CF test). Only one sample was both positive by ELISA and negative by CF test. This sample had low ELISA titers, so this discrepancy was mainly due to the sensitivity of CF test in detecting lower levels of antibody. These results suggested that the amoebic antigen for CF test can be applicable to ELISA, and this method was so sensitive and specific.

Amebiasis↗
PubMed1990

[An improved differential medium, CA medium, for differentiating Shigella].

We devised a Citrate-Acetate (CA) medium for rapidly differentiating Shigella. The medium consisted of 3.0 g of sodium citrate, 2.0 g of sodium acetate, 0.2 g of glucose, 1.0 g of dipotassium phosphate, 1.0 g of mono ammonium phosphate, 0.2 g of magnesium sulfate, 5.0 g of sodium chloride, 0.08 g of brom thymol blue, 15.0 g of agar, and 1000 ml of distilled water. An evaluation was made of the CA medium, for the rapid differentiation of 23 Shigella strains, 129 Escherichia coli strains and 130 isolates, that formed colourless colonies suspected to be Shigella on SS agar plate, from feces of healthy people. The results obtained were as follows 1) On the CA medium, all Shigella strains did not grow and there was no change in colour. 2) Positive growth rates of E. coli strains after incubation for 24 hr at 37 degrees C on CA medium, sodium acetate medium (Acet) and Christensen citrate medium (C-Cit) were 96.0%, 95.2% and 28.0%, respectively. Therefore, the positive growth rate of E. coli strains after incubation for 24 hr on CA medium was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) than that on C-Cit medium. 3) Positive growth rates of isolates after incubation for 24 hr at 37 degrees C on CA medium, Acet medium and C-Cit medium were 95.4%, 83.1% and 71.5%, respectively. Therefore, the positive growth rates of isolates after incubation for 24 hr on CA medium was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) than that on Acet medium and C-Cit medium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetates↗
PubMed1990

[Simultaneous in situ detection of JC virus antigens and RNA in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) by immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization].

We detected simultaneously JC virus (JCV) antigen and RNA in the frozen brain tissue from a patient with PML using immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization. Histologically, the majority of JCV antigen positive cells were mainly located at the margin of demyelinated lesions. By simultaneous in situ detection of JCV antigen and RNA, the percentage of both JCV antigen and RNA positive cells in total number cells were 20 in the periplaque region and 2.3 in the central region of plaque respectively. On the contrary, only JCV RNA positive cells were detected 3.6% in the periplaque region and 4.6% in the central region of plaque, while there was not found any positive cells in apparently normal white matter. Moreover, JCV antigen in both antigen and RNA positive cells found in the periplaques was stained homogeneous and filled the whole swollen nucleus, whereas most of both antigen and RNA positive cells appeared in the center of plaques showed small amounts of antigen in the nucleus. From the results, it seems likely that most of the cells displaying only RNA detected in the periplaque were oligodendrocytes in the early stages of productive infection prior to viral protein synthesis. However, a small number of cells displaying only RNA in the center of plaques were likely to be oligodendrocytes and seemed to be in the nonproductive stages of a JCV infection, limited expression of viral protein, influenced by the host immune response including the infiltration of macrophages and humoral immunity.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1990

[The detection and quantitative analysis of viral antigens, infiltrating mononuclear cells, IFN-gamma, LT and IL-6 bearing cells in the frozen brain tissue sections from a patient with herpes simplex encephalitis by immunocytochemistry].

To identify viral antigens, the types of infiltrating mononuclear cells and cytokine bearing cells, the frozen brain tissue sections form a patient with herpes simplex encephalitis who died on 12th hospital days, were examined by immunocytochemistry methods and combined immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization. The avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) techniques were applied for the detection of antigens. All monoclonal antibodies to Leu series and polyclonal antisera to lymphotoxin (LT), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) were purchased form Becton Dickinson Co., and Genzyme Co., (USA) respectively. A large number of neurons and glial cells staining positively HSV-1 antigens were found in the gray matter. Moreover, although a moderate number of HLA-DR (Ia) positive cells were found in the parenchyma, there were few cells displaying positively for Leu-3a, Leu-2a and Leu-7 respectively. To evaluate the number of positive cells appeared in the brain tissues, Leu stain for 4, 2a, 3a, 7, 12 and HLA-DR demonstrated 1.6%, 0.4%, 0.9%, 0.7% and 10% respectively. In addition, numerous number of IFN-gamma positive cells were detected around the lesion and randomly distributed thoroughly the lesion. IL-6 positive cells and LT positive cells were also similar in distribution to IFN-gamma positive cells. Moreover, in simultaneous detection of HLA-DR and HSV-1 mRNA by the combined immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization, there were seen glial cells staining positively for HLA-DR (Ia) and several cells with mRNA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1989

[Simultaneous in situ detection of viral antigens and RNA in brain tissues from a patient with herpes simplex encephalitis by immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization].

In order to elucidate the correlation between herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) and the central nervous system tissue, we performed the simultaneous detection of viral antigens and RNA in the brain tissue sections from a patient with herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis using immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization. In the present study the hybridization protocol reported by Brahic M et al. in 1984 were applied for the simultaneous detection of viral RNA and antigens with a few modification. The sections were first immunocytochemically stained to detect HSV-1 antigens by ABC method, and then hybridized with 3H-labelled HSV-1 cDNA probe for the detection of RNA after the acetylation of slides for the prevention of nonspecific bindings of isotope to slides. In the present study, viral antigens were immunocytochemically stained to brown-colored deposits located in the cytoplasm and nucleus whereas viral RNA were detected as the accumulation of many silver grains over the nuclei or cytoplasm. In this case the light microscopic findings in a part of temporal lobe showed multiple areas of necrosis mainly involving the gray matter and a few inflammatory changes such as perivascular cell cuffings. HSV-1 infected Vero cells as positive control demonstrated both antigens and RNA as shown in Fig.1 a. However, no hybridization signals and color deposits were observed in uninfected Vero cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1986

[Phase II study of epirubicin on gastric cancer--a cooperative study of the Tokai Cancer Chemotherapy Group].

A phase II study of epirubicin, a new anthracycline derivative, was performed in 23 patients with advanced gastric cancer. Epirubicin was administered intravenously at a dose of 20-30 mg/m2/day for two or three consecutive days every two or three weeks. Sixteen cases were evaluable and there were two partial responses and one minor response. Overall response rate (more than PR) was 12.5% (2/16). Leukopenia (less than 4,000/mm3) and anemia (less than 11.0 g/dl) were observed in 71.4% and 69.2% of patients, respectively. No thrombocytopenia was observed. Other toxicities were alopecia (71.4%), nausea and vomiting (42.9%), anorexia (25.0%), stomatitis (12.5%), fatigue (12.5%), fever (6.3%) and tachycardia (6.3%), but these effects were relatively mild in most cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differential effects of one and repeated endotoxin treatment on pituitary- adrenocortical hormones in the mouse: role of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

The role of endogenous interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response was examined in male C57BL/6 mice injected with endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) or saline at 24-hour intervals for 4 or 8 consecutive days. The mice were divided into four groups: (1) LPS injections for 4 or 8 days and LPS injection on day 5 or 9, respectively (LPS-LPS); (2) LPS injections for 4 or 8 days and saline injection on day 5 or 9, respectively (LPS-saline); (3) saline injections for 4 or 8 days and LPS injection on day 5 or 9, respectively (saline-LPS), and (4) saline injections for 4 or 8 days and saline injection on day 5 or 9 (saline-saline). The mice were sacrificed by decapitation 2 h after the last injection and plasma levels of hormones and cytokines and tissue levels of IL-1beta were measured. Plasma adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) levels were significantly attenuated in the LPS-LPS group compared with the dramatic increases in the saline-LPS group following 4 or 8 days of endotoxin treatment. Plasma corticosterone concentrations were comparable in the LPS-LPS group after 4 days' treatment, but significantly lower following 8 days of treatment when compared with saline-LPS group. Repeated endotoxin treatment followed by a single saline injection (LPS-saline) did not alter the levels of IL-1beta in plasma or any of the tissues examined. IL-1beta levels in the hippocampus, hypothalamus, adrenal gland and plasma were elevated to comparable levels in the saline-LPS and LPS-LPS groups after 4 days of treatment. In contrast to the plasma IL-1beta response, TNFalpha levels were dramatically increased in the saline-LPS group but not in the LPS-LPS group following the 4-day treatment regimen. Increases in IL-1beta concentrations were seen in all tissues following one endotoxin challenge in the saline-LPS group following the 8-day treatment regimen, while increases were significantly attenuated in the hypothalamus, adrenal gland and plasma in LPS-LPS for 8 days. The sustained increases in tissue levels of IL-1beta following 4-day endotoxin treatment appears to have functional consequences since [125I]IL-1alpha binding was significantly decreased in the LPS-saline group compared with the saline-saline group. Furthermore, [125I]IL-1alpha binding was markedly reduced in the LPS-LPS group compared with the saline-LPS group. There was a significant positive correlation between plasma ACTH and IL-1beta after a single and repeated LPS treatment for 4 days, while a significant correlation was seen between plasma ACTH and TNFalpha following one but not repeated LPS treatment. These data demonstrate a differential regulation of IL-1beta and TNFalpha by repeated endotoxin treatment and suggest that while TNFalpha may be important modulating the attenuated pituitary adrenocortical response following the 4-day endotoxin treatment, IL-1beta appears to be the primary regulator of the response following the 8-day endotoxin treatment in the regulation of the HPA axis.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Age-related reciprocal modulation of interleukin-1beta and interleukin-1 receptors in the mouse brain-endocrine-immune axis.

The cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) alters a variety of immune, central nervous system and neuroendocrine activities characteristic of an integrator of the brain-endocrine-immune response to stress. In an attempt to define the regulation of IL-1 and IL-1 receptors in the mouse brain-endocrine-immune axis during maturation, we measured tissue levels of IL-1beta using an ELISA and iodine-125-labeled recombinant human interleukin-1alpha ([125I]IL-1alpha) binding in hippocampus, pituitary, testis and spleen following intraperitoneal injection of saline or the bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in 3- and 24-week-old C57BL/6 mice. Basal IL-1beta levels were detectable in all the tissues examined. Basal levels of IL-1beta in the hippocampus, spleen and testis in 24-week-old mice were significantly higher than those in 3-week-old mice. [125I]IL-1alpha binding was detectable in all the mouse tissues examined and [125I]IL-1alpha binding levels in the pituitary, spleen and testis in 3-week-old mice were significantly higher than those in 24-week-old mice. To further evaluate the modulation of IL-1 receptors in aging, we measured [125I]IL-1alpha binding in 2-, 5-, 10-, 18-, and 24-month-old mice. [125I]IL-1alpha binding in testis in 24-month-old mice was higher than the other groups; [125I]IL-1alpha binding in the hippocampus and spleen was unchanged during these periods. Dramatic increases in IL-1beta concentrations were observed at 2 h after LPS injection in the pituitary, spleen, testis and plasma in both 3- and 24-week-old mice groups. In contrast, IL-1beta levels in the hippocampus increased in response to LPS injection only in 24-week-old mice. [125I]IL-1alpha binding in hippocampus was significantly decreased in 24- but not in 3-week-old mice after LPS injection. [125I]IL-1alpha binding in the spleen and testis were significantly decreased in both age groups following LPS administration. These data demonstrate differential regulation of IL-1 and its receptors in the brain-endocrine-immune axis during maturation and in response to endotoxin challenge.

Age Factors↗