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Biomedical subjects

I N Bogolepova

Publications and source records attributed to I N Bogolepova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Some quantitative measures of structural asymmetry in fields 41 and 22 of the human auditory cortex.

The aim of the present work was to perform a quantitative study of the cytoarchitectonic features of cortical fields 41 and 22 in the left and right hemispheres of the human brain. Studies addressed frontal sections of the brains of 10 subjects (right-handers) aged 29-59 years, stained with cresyl violet by the Nissl method; sections were 20 microm thick. The following quantitative parameters were measured: volume of field, thickness of cortex, and neuron field profile area. The results showed that field 22, which is the associative component in the processing of speech stimuli, was characterized by left-hemisphere asymmetry of measures of cortical volume, cortical thickness, and the neuron field profile area. Field 41, which is a projection field involved in the reception of sound stimuli, was characterized by right-hemisphere asymmetry for measures of neuron field profile area but no asymmetry in favour of either hemisphere for cortical volume or cortical thickness.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

No postnatal doubling of number of neurons in human Broca's areas (Brodmann areas 44 and 45)? A stereological study.

In this study we explored whether a postnatal doubling of the total number of neurons occurs in the human Brodmann areas 44 and 45 (Broca's area). We describe the most recent error prediction formulae and their application for the modern stereological estimators for volume and number of neurons. We estimated the number of neurons in 3D optical disector probes systematically random sampled throughout the entire Brodmann areas (BA) 44 and 45 in developing and young adult cases. In the relatively small number of male and female cases studied no substantial postnatal increase in total number of neurons occurred in areas 44 and 45; the volume of these areas reached adult values around 7 years. In addition, we did find indications that a shift from a right-over-left to a left-over-right asymmetry may occur in the volume of BA 45 during postnatal development. No major asymmetry in total number of neurons in BA 44 and 45 was detected.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Variability in the structure of field 39 of the lower parietal area of the cortex in the left and right hemispheres of adult human brains.

The cytoarchitectonics of field 39 of the lower parietal area of the cortex in the left and right hemispheres were studied in normal individuals and professionally gifted world-famous people. Series of frontal sections were studied, stained by the Nissl cresyl violet method. The profile area of neurons was measured in layers III and V and the distribution of neurons in terms of this property was analyzed. Gifted people showed a significantly greater level of individual variability in the measures recorded here, especially in the right hemisphere, with larger proportions of very small and very large neurons.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Quantitative parameters of structural asymmetry of auditory cortex area 41 and 21 in the human brain].

The aim of this work was to give a quantitative characteristic of cytoarchitectonic peculiarities of cortical areas 41 and 22 in the left and right hemispheres of human brain. 20 mm thick frontal brain sections of 10 right-handed adult persons aged 29-59 stained by Nissl's crezyl-violet method were studied. The following quantitative parameters determined included area volume, cortical thickness and neuron profile area. It was shown that area 22, which is considered to be an associative link in speech stimuli processing, possessed a leftward asymmetry in cortical volume, cortical thickness and neuron profile area. Area 41, which is known to be a projection zone and to participate in sound stimuli reception, was characterized by rightward asymmetry in neuron profile area, while no dominance of particular hemisphere was found as far as cortical volume and thickness were concerned.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Variability of the structure of area 39 of inferior parietal cortex in the left and right hemispheres of adult human brain].

The cytoarchitecture of area 39 of inferior parietal cortex region in the left and right cerebral hemispheres was studied in usual individuals and in professionally gifted world-famed people. The series of frontal sections, stained using Nissl cresyl violet method, were examined. The profile areas of neurons in cortical layers III and V were measured and their distributions were analyzed. In the group of gifted people, individual variability of the characteristics studied was found to be significantly increased, especially in the right cerebral hemisphere, while the relative content of both very small and very large neurons was elevated.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Structural bases of individual variability in the human brain].

The paper shows considerable differences in the cytoarchitectonical organization of cortical fields 44, 45, and 4, 6 in the brain of different persons. The profile fields of pyramidal neurons in layers III and V substantially differ from each other for the cortical fields under investigation. The specific features of the total fractions of neurons and glia in the cortical fields in different brains are outlined. The density of neuronal location is an important criterion for individual variability. The magnitude of individual variability manifests itself the right and left hemispheres by different ways.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Peculiarities of the structure of the speech-motor cortex of the brain frontal lobe in a deaf-mute child].

The aim of present investigation was the study of the cytoarchitecture of the motor-speech areas 44 and 45 of the brain cortex of a 4-year-old deaf-mute child. We have also compared cytoarchitecture of the motor-speech zone of the brain cortex in a deaf-mute child with the same brain region in a normal child of a similar age. Series of 20 mm-thick frontal sections stained with cresyl violet were studied using morphometric methods. Our data indicate the significant anomalies of both the brain gross structure and cytoarchitecture of the motor-speech zone of the brain cortex in a deaf-mute child. Considerable decrease in the values of neuronal profile area in layers III3 and V and in satellite gliocyte density was observed while the neuro-glial ratios were changed. Our results certify that development of child's brain is disturbed in conditions of speech dysfunction and auditory deficiency.

Brain↗
PubMed2001

[Prerequisites for structural asymmetry of Broca's motor speech area of the human brain].

Structural features of the Broca's speech-motor area in the left and right human cerebral hemispheres were studied. There were some peculiarities in the localization, shape, and structure of the main sulci and gyri of the frontal region in different hemispheres of the human brain. There were differences in the volume of cortical areas 44 and 45 in the left and right hemispheres, as well as in the count of neurons and in the size of pyramidal neurons in cytoarchitectonical layers III and V in the left and right hemispheres of speech-motor areas. It is suggested that left hemispherical asymmetry of Broca's area correlates with the development of human speech functions and oratory.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[The developmental characteristics of speech-motor areas 44 and 45 in the left and right hemispheres of the human brain in early postnatal development].

Cytoarchitecture of speech areas 44 and 45 of human brain was studied on frontal series of sections of brain of a newborn, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years old child. Sections were stained with cresyl violet after Nissl. Density of neurons and gliocytes location as well as fraction of satellite gliocytes and surrounded by the latter, glia index were determined by quantitative methods. General principles of cortical areas 44 and 45 were distinguished as well as peculiarities of their formation if left and right hemispheres of human brain in postnatal ontogenesis. Heterochronia of postnatal development of areas 44 and 45 was demonstrated. A hypothesis on different activity of right and left hemispheres speech areas in different periods of speech development of the child was discussed.

Aging↗
PubMed2000

[Histological structure of adult mouse brain in protein-deficient nutrition].

The effect of protein deficient nutrition on histostructure of different regions of brain of mature animals was studied in the experimental model of protein and energy deficiency. Protein deficient nutrition was shown to exert negative influence on structural and functional state of brain neurons which is manifested through increase of dystrophic changes in neurons of all brain regions, accumulation of lipofuscine in neurons and complex of structural changes in synaptic contacts.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1998

[Structural asymmetry of cortical areas 44 and 45 in brain of newborns].

Peculiarities of topography, structure and length of sulci and gyri in left and right hemisphere frontal areas were studied in newborns. Peculiarities of cytoarchitectonics of speech areas 44 and 45 were described in left and right hemisphere of neonatal brain. Differences in the extent of neuron radial orientation and thickness of the cortex especially of layer III were defined. Great variability in square of areas 44 and 45 in left and right hemisphere of neonatal brain was established. A hypothesis on formation of structural asymmetry of the Broca center and its areas 44 and 45 by the moment of birth and heterochronia of these fields development in ontogenesis is discussed.

Brain Mapping↗
PubMed1994

[The problem of the individual variability of the human brain].

Series of frontal sections, 20 microns thick, were used to study the individual cytoglio-architectonic features of fields 8.8, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 47 of the caudate nucleus, dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus, Meynert's nucleus in 12 persons aged 29 to 89 years. The profile fields of neurons, their density and the density of gliocytes, including perineuronal ones were measured by computed morphometry, the cellular composition was determined from size of neurons, as well as the neuroglial and neuroperineuronal indices were defined. In 6 cases (distinguished, gifted persons), all the formations under study showed structural signs (abundant satellitosis, predominant large neurons, etc.) suggesting that there is a high functioning of nerve cells whose quantitative parameters are greater than those in other cases.

Adult↗