Biomedical subjects

I Miyazaki

Publications and source records attributed to I Miyazaki.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

The pattern of lymph node involvement in carcinoma of the head of the pancreas. A histologic study of the surgical findings in patients undergoing extensive nodal dissections.

To clarify the pattern of lymph node metastasis in carcinoma of the pancreas, lymph node involvement was examined in forty-two patients who underwent extensive nodal dissections, including the paraaortic lymph nodes. The correlation between the spread of the tumor and lymph node involvement was evaluated: The most common site of involved lymph nodes was the retropancreatic region. The prevalence of nodal metastases was 78.6%. Metastases to the paraaortic region were present in seven patients, among whom metastases in the paraaortic region were most common in the median region from the celiac artery to the inferior mesenteric artery and in the space between the aorta and the vena cava. The risk of lymph node metastases tended to increase with tumor size, except in the paraaortic region, where the correlation between the frequency of metastasis and tumor size was poor. The probability of lymph node metastases increased with the degree of lymphatic invasion (ly) and the growth pattern of the tumor (INF) and was high in patients with invasion into the retropancreatic tissue and in tumors with scirrhous histology. These results indicate that even in small cancers, lymph nodes of the paraaortic region frequently harbor metastases and should be dissected en block during radical resections of pancreatic cancer.

Humans↗

PubMed1993

Expression of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions in ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and its relationship to prognosis.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between Ag-NOR count levels and survival in 33 patients undergoing resection for ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas at Kanazawa University Hospital from 1985 to 1991. To determine the biologic behavior of invasive ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, 33 tumors were classified into two groups according to the median value of Ag-NOR counts: Group 1, Ag-NOR count > or = 3.25 (higher Ag-NOR count group); Group 2, Ag-NOR count < 3.25 (lower Ag-NOR count group). As a result, we found that tumors with a higher Ag-NOR count were more likely to have liver or peritoneal metastasis than those with a lower Ag-NOR count, although the differences were not statistically significant. Tumors with lower Ag-NOR count levels were associated with favorable prognoses 2 and 3 yr after surgery, whereas those with higher Ag-NOR count levels were related to poor prognosis. Our results indicate that a Ag-NOR count level is a reliable prognostic parameter in resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Protective effect of AA-861 (5-lipoxygenase inhibitor) on experimental acute necrotizing pancreatitis in rats.

The effect of the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor AA-861 on acute necrotizing pancreatitis was studied in an experimental model. Pancreatitis was induced in rats by retrograde injection of 0.4 mL/kg body wt of 6% taurocholic acid into the pancreatic duct. The animals were divided into three groups: control group; administered AA-861 in a single dose of 30 mg/kg; and administered AA-861 in a single dose of 60 mg/kg. The following parameters were examined: serum amylase, lipase, trypsin, blood sugar, and survival rate. Histology of the pancreas was also studied. The serum amylase and lipase activities in groups 2 and 3 were lower than those in group 1 in the early phase after induction of pancreatitis. The elevation of serum trypsin was not suppressed by AA-861. Blood sugar was more efficiently controlled in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1. The survival rates in groups 2 and 3 were better than that in group 1, but there were no significant differences among the three groups. Histologically, massive tissue necrosis with hemorrhage, edema, and inflammatory cell infiltration was prominent in group 1, whereas such changes were obviously suppressed in groups 2 and 3. The results suggest that AA-861 may prove useful in the treatment of acute pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1993

Influence of hormones on tumor growth, cell kinetics, estrogen receptor and insulin-like growth factor-I-related protein of human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells transplanted in nude mice.

The influence of estrogens and tamoxifen on estrogen receptor (ER)-positive human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells transplanted into athymic nude mice was investigated. The mice were divided into the following three groups: (1) an E2 group with mice receiving 17 beta-estradiol dipropionate; (2) a TAM group with mice receiving tamoxifen; (3) a control group with mice given no hormone. (1) Tumor growth was significantly increased in the E2 group, but significantly decreased in the TAM group compared to control; (2) the tumor contents of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and the rate of IGF-I-positive cells were significantly lower in the E2 group, but significantly higher in the TAM groups compared to control; (3) the IGF-I-positive cell rates were in significant inverse correlation with the [3H]thymidine-labeled cell rates in the E2, TAM and control groups. Thus, the tumor contents of IGF-I and the rate of IGF-I-positive cells were inversely correlated to the tumor growth and the [3H]thymidine-labeled cell rate in this in vivo study, although IGF-I is known to be a mitogen for breast cancer cells in vitro. Further studies are necessary to answer the questions as to the in vivo roles of immunoreactive IGF-I in ER-positive breast cancer.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Clinical and biological prediction of axillary and internal mammary lymph node metastases in breast cancer.

We assessed the relationships among histological axillary (AX) or internal mammary (IM) metastases and clinical and biological variables, and then attempted to evaluate their predictive values for AX and IM metastases in 128 patients with invasive breast cancer. As the results, these clinical and biological variables were significantly correlated with AX and IM metastases. However, a metastatic index calculated from clinical and biological variables was not much better in prediction of the AX metastases than axillary nodal status, whereas it was useful to predict the IM metastases. Thus, the predictive ability was still limited. Since accurate prediction of AX and IM metastases is critical to therapeutic choice, however, further study would be required.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Mastectomy with and without immediate breast reconstruction using a musculocutaneous flap.

We compared surgical cosmetic results in 83 patients who underwent mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction (MIBR) using a myocutaneous flap with those of 153 patients with breast cancer who underwent mastectomy without breast reconstruction. Cosmetic results were significantly better in patients who underwent MIBR than radical mastectomy or extended MIBR, although no intergroup difference existed in the reconstructive technique. Neither did any difference exist in the incidence of complications between patients undergoing MIBR and mastectomy without breast reconstruction, or between patients undergoing modified mastectomy and radical or extended mastectomy. Finally, MIBR did not appear to adversely effect recurrence or overall survival. We conclude that MIBR using a myocutaneous flap is an acceptable treatment option for patients with breast cancer.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Further analysis of predictive value of Helix pomatia lectin binding to primary breast cancer for axillary and internal mammary lymph node metastases.

We investigated the relation between Helix pomatia (HPA) staining of primary breast cancer and the presence of axillary (AX) or internal mammary (IM) metastases, and evaluated its predictive value for AX or IM metastases in comparison with the use of clinical variables. There was a significant association between the HPA staining and AX or IM metastases. When HPA staining was regarded as an indicator of AX metastases, a diagnostic accuracy of 72%, a sensitivity of 69% and a specificity of 75% were achieved. As an indicator of IM metastases, these values were 64%, 76% and 62%, respectively. In predicting the presence of AX metastases using a discriminant function with clinical AX status, location of tumour and tumour size, diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were 79%, 69% and 87%, respectively. In predicting the presence of IM metastases using the discriminant function with clinical AX status and tumour size, these values were 74%, 71% and 75%, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that the HPA staining may be useful, but it was equivalent with the discriminant function with clinical variables in prediction of AX or IM metastases.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1993

p53 immunoreaction in endoscopic biopsy specimens of colorectal cancer, and its prognostic significance.

The expression of p53 protein was immunohistochemically studied in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens of 203 colorectal carcinomas by use of a monoclonal antibody specific for the p53 protein. PAb1801. p53 protein expression with its reactivity localised in nuclei was found in 121 (59.6%) of the cancers. There was no correlation of p53 immunoreactivity with histological classification, wall invasion, lymphatic invasion, venous invasion, lymph node metastases, or peritoneal metastases. p53-positive cancers were more frequently associated with liver metastasis than p53-negative ones. Patients with p53-positive tumours had significantly poorer prognoses than those with p53-negative tumours. The 5 year survival rate was 58.1% for patients with p53-positive tumours, and 76.3% for those with p53-negative tumours. In Dukes' stage C tumours, an especially good correlation was found between p53 immunoreactivity and prognosis. In addition, patients with p53-positive tumours had higher recurrence rates. The results indicate that p53 immunoreactivity may be a useful prognostic marker of colorectal cancers.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1993

Prognostic significance of Helix pomatia lectin and c-erbB-2 oncoprotein in human breast cancer.

We investigated the prognostic significance of Helix pomatia lectin (HPA) staining on disease-free and overall survival in 120 primary breast carcinomas. HPA staining was present in 58 (48%) of these carcinomas. It was significantly associated with axillary lymph node metastases (P < 0.001) and c-erbB-2 expression (P < 0.01). A univariate study revealed that disease-free and overall survival were significantly correlated with clinical stage, tumour size, axillary lymph node metastases. HPA staining and c-erbB-2 expression. In a multivariate study, all previous prognostic indicators except HPA staining and c-erbB-2 expression were independent factors. However, stratifying the patients on the basis of HPA and c-erbB-2 status suggested that HPA +/c-erbB-2+ status was predictive of a higher incidence of axillary lymph node metastases (P = 0.000001) and a poorer overall (P < 0.0002) and a shorter disease-free (P < 0.000006) survival when compared with the other subgroups, although this combination did not provide any additional prognostic information for overall (P = 0.3544) or disease-free (P = 0.7152) survival by a multivariate analysis. For patients in whom axillary lymph node dissection has not been performed, therefore, HPA and c-erbB-2 status seems to be a powerful tool to discriminate subpopulations with a high recurrence risk and shorter survival who should undergo more aggressive therapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Inverse association of nm23-H1 expression by colorectal cancer with liver metastasis.

The expression of nm23-H1 mRNA and protein was studied in colorectal cancers by Northern blotting and immunohistochemistry. All 21 colorectal cancers studied by Northern blotting had increased levels of nm23-H1 mRNA relative to the adjacent normal colonic mucosa. Increased nm23-H1 protein expression was also observed in all 36 colorectal cancer cases including those studied by Northern blotting. There was no significant correlation between nm23-H1 expression and tumour histology, serosal invasion, lymphatic invasion, venous invasion, or lymph node metastasis. However, the expression of both mRNA and protein was significantly lower in tumours associated with liver metastasis than in those without such metastasis. These observations indicate that the nm23 gene may play a role in the suppression of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1993

Unexpected patterns of Epstein-Barr virus gene expression during early stages of B cell transformation.

Following Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) binding to its CD21 cell surface receptor, virus internalization, nuclear translocation, and circularization of the viral episome were found to occur within 30 min, immediately preceding the expression of EB nuclear antigen (EBNA)-1 and -2 and latent membrane protein (LMP)-1 and -2 genes. Early viral gene expression was unaffected by blockade of the virus induced, transformation-prerequisite cellular activation pathway (Ca2+ currents, tyrosine phosphorylation, induction of p56lck, hsp70, and hsp90). Despite life times of only 3 h, antisense (but not sense) oligonucleotides for the above latency genes prevented subsequent transformation. Any one antisense oligonucleotide dramatically depleted transcripts not only of the target gene, but of all other latency genes. The blocking effect of antisense oligonucleotides allowed us to identify a new transformation-prerequisite latency gene near the fused termini. The concerted regulation of EBV gene expression is highly unusual and unexplained but our results imply critical, perhaps regulatory roles for initial latency gene transcripts themselves.

Antigens, Viral↗

PubMed1993

Influence of esculetin on incidence, proliferation, and cell kinetics of mammary carcinomas induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in rats on high- and low-fat diets.

The effects of a high-fat diet and esculetin were investigated on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary carcinogenesis in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were given a 5-mg dose of DMBA. Seven days later, they were fed either a high-fat (20% soybean oil) or low-fat (0.5% soybean oil) diet. A half of the rats received diets containing 0.03% esculetin. Esculetin significantly inhibited tumor incidence, growth and cell kinetics of the tumor in the rats fed the high-fat and the low-fat diets. Our findings indicate that DMBA-induced mammary tumorigenesis is affected by lipoxygenase products.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗

PubMed1993

Poor prognostic value of proliferating cell nuclear antigen labelling index in breast carcinoma.

AIM: To investigate the association between proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunostaining and various clinicopathological variables, and its prognostic value in breast carcinoma. METHODS: A monoclonal antibody PC10 was applied to formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded tissue in 144 cases of primary breast cancer. PCNA immunostaining was scored by counting 1000 cells; the percentage of positive stained cells was recorded as the PCNA labelling index (PCNA-LI). RESULTS: The PCNA-LI varied from 0-77% with a mean of 18%. When tumours were separated on the basis of the mean value, 93 had a low PCNA-LI of less or equal than 18% and 47 a high PCNA-LI of more than 18%. There was no significant correlation between PCNA-LI and all prognostic factors included in this study. Moreover, PCNA-LI failed to show any prognostic value for overall and disease free survival. CONCLUSION: PCNA immunostaining is not correlated with clinicopathological variables and patient survival in breast cancer.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Correlation of p53 expression and proliferative activity in gastric cancer.

We analyzed immunohistochemically the association between p53 tissue status and prognostic parameters of 357 gastric cancer patients, using endoscopically obtained biopsy materials, embedded in paraffin. Using PAb1801, an anti-p53 monoclonal antibody p53 immunoreactivity was detected in the nuclei of cancer cells in 113 cases (32%). The nuclear p53 immunoreaction was closely associated with positive lymph node metastasis, serosal invasion, and liver metastasis. For the estimation of proliferative activity, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labeling rates (LRs) of biopsy specimens were immunohistochemically measured. A significant positive correlation was found between PCNA LRs and p53 tissue status. In addition, a positive nuclear p53 immunoreaction was found to be significantly associated with shorter overall survival. Especially, in the group of patients with stages III and IV, the prognosis of patients with p53-positive tumours was significantly poorer than that of patients with p53-negative tumours. These results indicate that immunohistochemical staining for nuclear p53 in biopsied materials may be useful in deciding the therapeutic schedule of patients with gastric cancer, preoperatively.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1993

[The surgical management of breast cancer, especially breast conserving treatment].

The management of breast cancer is highly controversial. Various operations have been performed at different hospitals. Herein, we reviewed the results of randomized clinical trials regarding breast conserving treatment, and axillary and internal mammary lymph node dissections. Variations in local-regional therapy may not substantially affect survival, but the incidence of local-regional failure is inversely related to the extent of operation and/or radiotherapy. At present, surgeons are highly recommended to perform adequate surgery which provides the ultimate local control, does not compromise the chance for cure and gives the best cosmetic and aesthetic results. Therefore, quadrantectomy with or without immediate reconstruction, axillary dissection and internal mammary biopsy and breast irradiation are more preferably recommended for ensuring local control and for providing a better cosmetic and psychological impact.

Breast Neoplasms↗

PubMed1993

[A comparative study among ftorafur, ftorafur plus tamoxifen, and tamoxifen in adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. The Chubu Cooperative Study Group of Adjuvant Chemoendocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer, Japan].

A randomized study assessing the efficacy of three treatment of ftorafur (FT), ftorafur plus Tamoxifen (TAM), and Tamoxifen in patients diagnosed as having stage II (N1b) or stage III breast cancer was carried out at 90 institutions in the Chubu district of Japan. After 10 mg of MMC administration on the day of surgery and the next day, patients were allocated to one of three treatments: FT 600 mg/day for 2 years, FT 600 mg/day plus TAM 20 mg/day for 2 years, or TAM 20 mg/day for 2 years. A total of 647 cases were analyzed. No significant differences were observed in the 5-year disease-free survival rates or in the 5-year survival rates. In the stratified analysis, however, a beneficial effect of adding FT to TAM was observed in the patients with ER-positive tumors in the 5-year survival rate, and FT plus TAM treatment was favorable compared with the other two treatments for postmenopausal patients with ER-positive tumors.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Evaluation regarding effect and quality of life after distal pancreatectomy combining total gastrectomy].

Distal pancreatectomy combined with total gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma was evaluated in regard to the availability and quality of life for patients. We performed a question-naire survey of their daily life, especially regarding postpancreatectomy diabetes, for 67 patients passed 5 years after total gastrectomy inclusive of five cases without pancreatectomy as control. Eleven cases developed diabetes mellitus which needed insulin injection after distal pancreatectomy excluding three patients with glucose intolerance before operation. These were 19% of cases performed pancreatectomy, while there was no diabetes in cases without pancreatectomy. The incidence of postpancreatectomy diabetes was 60 per cent of the cases which underwent Appleby operation (65% pancreas resection), while it was 50 percent of the cases which underwent total gastrectomy combined with distal pancreatectomy (50% resection). There is significant difference at < 0.05 level. The incidence of postpancreatectomy diabetes was increased as passing of years after operation. These results suggest that distal pancreatectomy combining total gastrectomy improves the prognosis of patients with nodal metastasis. But considering the occurrence of postpancreatectomy diabetes, it should be emphasized the adequate indication is needed for the operation, and close and long-term follow up is essential for keeping QOL.

Diabetes Mellitus↗

PubMed1993

Correlation between DNA ploidy and clinical features in smooth muscle tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.

Paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 51 surgically resected, gastrointestinal smooth muscle tumors (10 leiomyomas, 5 leiomyoblastomas and 36 leiomyosarcomas) were assayed for nuclear DNA content, and the results were examined for correlation with clinico-pathological variables (tumor size, cellularity and mitosis) and prognosis. Twenty-four (47%) of the 51 tumors, consisting of 3 (30%) of the 10 leiomyomas, 2 (40%) of the 5 leiomyoblastomas and 19 (53%) of the 36 leiomyosarcomas, were identified as aneuploid. A close correlation was found between the mitotic index and the tumor size ( = 0.528; P < 0.001). The DNA ploidy pattern of the leiomyosarcoma was closely correlated with the patient survival periods (P = 0.06). The estimated median survival period was 73 months for patients with diploid tumors, and 51 months for those with aneuploid tumors. The 10-year survival rate for aneuploid tumors was lower than that for diploid tumors (P < 0.001). The measurement of DNA content may provide an index of prognostic value in gastrointestinal leiomyosarcomas.

Adult↗