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Biomedical subjects

I Miyazaki

Publications and source records attributed to I Miyazaki.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Four cases of selenium deficiency in postoperative long-term enteral nutrition.

Because selenium is seldom added to formulations for enteral nutrition (EN), postoperative patients who are supported with EN are at risk for selenium deficiency. This report describes four cases of suspected selenium deficiency in long-term EN. Two patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy, one underwent total gastro-pancreatectomy, and one underwent esophageal resection and reconstruction with jejunal autotransplantation. They all developed malabsorption syndrome within 2 yr after operation. Enteral nutritional support with an elemental diet was provided continuously for 7-11 yr. Over the past 1-2 yr they experienced increasing bilateral muscular pain and weakness in the legs, gait disturbance, palpitation, and shortness of breath. Investigation for possible trace element deficiency revealed very low levels of selenium in the blood. After 10-20 d of supplementation with daily intravenous administration of selenious acid 0.16 mg/d (100 micrograms/d of selenium), their blood levels of selenium rose and their symptoms resolved. They were then continued on a maintenance regimen of oral sodium selenite 0.13 mg/d (60 micrograms/d of selenium).

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Effects of intraoperative chemohyperthermia in patients with gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination.

BACKGROUND: The most common cause of noncurative resection and recurrence is gastric cancer is peritoneal seeding. However, the results of treatment of peritoneal dissemination with chemotherapy have been poor with 5-year survival rates of 0%. METHODS: A new in vitro thermochemosensitivity test was performed on gastric cancer cells obtained from 19 surgically resected specimens by using tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay (MTT assay). A novel treatment of the intraoperative chemohyperthermia was undertaken in 83 patients with gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination. After aggressive resection of primary tumor, lymph nodes, and peritoneal metastases, warmed saline solution containing mitomycin C 30 mg, etoposide 150 mg, and cisplatin 300 mg was introduced into the peritoneal cavity via a closed circuit continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion (CHPP) for 60 minutes to keep the abdominal temperature at 42 degree to 43 degrees C by means of a heat exchange mechanism. RESULTS: The in vitro thermochemosensitivity test that 43 degrees C enhanced the cytotoxin effects on gastric cancer cells under clinically achievable drug concentrations. During CHPP, drug concentrations of cisplatin, mitomycin C, and etoposide in the perfusate remained statistically higher than in the peripheral venous circulation. Among 43 evaluable patients with residual peritoneal seeding, eight (19%) and nine (21%) exhibited complete response and partial response, respectively. The overall 1- and 5-year survival rates were 43% and 11%, respectively. Patients who underwent complete resection survived significantly longer than those with residual disease, and those with complete response had a significantly better prognosis than did those with partial response, and nonresponders. One-year survival rates with complete response, partial response or nonresponders were 88%, 27% and 22%, respectively. Five patients survived longer than 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Our triple treatment combining surgery and CHPP is an effective therapy for selected patients with gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Expression of 16 kDa proteolipid of vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPase in human pancreatic cancer.

Recent studies have shown that bafilomycin A1-sensitive vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) plays important roles in cell growth and differentiation. However, there is no published study that has focused on the expression of V-ATPase in human tumour tissues. This study was designed to examine the mRNA and protein levels for the 16 kilodalton (kDa) proteolipid of V-ATPase in human pancreatic carcinoma tissues. We first investigated the mRNA level for V-ATPase in six cases of invasive pancreatic cancers and two normal pancreases, using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction technique. Then, we examined immunohistochemically the level of V-ATPase protein in 49 pancreatic cancers and ten benign cystic neoplasms of the pancreas, using antisera raised against the 16 kDa proteolipid. There was a notable difference in the level of V-ATPase mRNA between normal and pancreatic carcinoma tissues, with no evident difference in the expression of the beta-actin gene. Immunohistochemically, 42 out of 46 invasive ductal cancers (92%) displayed a mild to marked immunoreactivity for V-ATPase in the cytoplasm, whereas neither non-invasive ductal cancers nor benign cystic neoplasms expressed detectable immunoreactive proteins. These findings suggest that the overexpression of V-ATPase protein is characteristic of invasive pancreatic tumours. V-ATPase may play some crucial roles in tumour progression.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Positive association between dietary fat intake and risk of gastric stump carcinoma in rats.

Effect of high- and low-fat diets on gastric stump carcinogenesis was experimentally investigated. A total of 130 Wistar male rats weighing 250-300 g received either sham operation or Billroth II partial gastrectomy, the resection of the distal two-thirds glandular stomach and reconstruction of gastro-jejunostomy. After surgery, each group of rats was switched from a standard diet (CRF-1) to a special diet containing either 15% soybean oil (high-fat) or 0.5% soybean (low-fat), fed ad libitum and tap water, and were killed 50 weeks after surgery. Gastric tumours were observed only in the animals that underwent gastrectomy while no tumours were detected in the animals following the sham operation. Tumours located invariably at the gastrojejunostoma, were carcinomas or adenomas in histology. Carcinomas developed in 12 of 29 gastrectomy animals (41%) fed the high-fat diet and 4 of 27 gastrectomy animals (15%) fed the low-fat diet. The difference was significant (P < 0.05). The incidence of adenoma was also significantly higher in the gastrectomy animals fed the high-fat diet (38%) than that in those fed the low-fat diet (15%) (P < 0.05). A daily faecal output of bile acids was significantly greater in the gastrectomy animals fed the high-fat diet (19.0 +/- 16.4 micromol/day) than that in those fed the low-fat diet (11.2 +/- 6.2 [micromol/day; P < 0.05). This study suggests that increased fat intake is associated with a high risk of gastric stump carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Expression of apolipoprotein A-1 mRNA in normal intrahepatic biliary tree.

Our previous study demonstrated that apolipoprotein A-1 (apo A-1) immunoreactive peptides were located diffusely in the cytoplasm, not only of human normal hepatocytes, but also of intrahepatic bile ducts and peribiliary glands. It is important to determine whether the presence of these immunoreactive peptides in intrahepatic biliary tree is caused by pinocytosis from the bile, or by intracellular protein synthesis. Thus, we investigated whether apo A-1 is synthesized by cells that line the biliary tree. Normal human liver samples obtained at surgery were used; and the expression and distribution of apo A-1 mRNA in normal human liver tissues were examined, using in situ hybridization histochemistry with a 35S-labeled oligonucleotide probe specific for apo A-1. On the autoradiogram, many silver grains were found to be distributed uniformly in hepatocytes. In addition, an appreciable apo A-1 mRNA signal was also observed in both the surface epithelial lining of the bile ducts and the epithelial cells of the peribiliary glands. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the apo A-1 found in bile is secreted both by hepatocytes and by intrahepatic bile duct cells and peribiliary glands.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Evaluation of preoperative chemotherapy for colorectal cancer].

Patients who underwent curative resection for colorectal cancer between January 1987 and June 1989 were divided into two groups, to assess the usefulness of preoperative chemotherapy (400 mg UFT therapy daily for 10 days more) and to analyze changes in the proliferative activity of tumor cells. Fifty-five cases were included in the study. Thirty-three had received no preoperative chemotherapy (Group A), and 22 had received the preoperative chemotherapy (group B). The five-year cumulative survival rate was 81.1% for group A and 90.2% for Group B. The proportion of patients with no recurrence was 75.7% in Group A and 85.7% in Group B. Both parameters thus tended to be better in patients who had received preoperative chemotherapy. When PCNA labeling before UFT therapy was compared with that after UFT therapy in 13 cases, the PCNA labeling rate decreased after UFT therapy in 9 (69%) of the 13 cases. These results suggest that preoperative chemotherapy using UFT is useful in treating colorectal cancer, and that the proliferative activity of colorectal cancer can sometimes be reduced by such preoperative adjuvant therapy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

Prognostic significance and surgical management of lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer.

Regional lymph node metastasis is a critical prognostic factor in gastric cancer, and extended lymph node dissection and routine microscopic examination of all resected nodes could potentially provide accurate information regarding lymph node status. On the other hand, the therapeutic value of extended lymph node dissection is controversial. While retrospective and prospective nonrandomized comparative studies have shown that extended lymph node dissection significantly improves the survival rate, two prospective randomized trials have failed to demonstrate the efficacy of extended dissection, although the number of patients in these studies was limited. There is a further, ongoing, trial involving a larger series of patients; the final results of this study should help to determine whether extended lymph node dissection is of therapeutic or merely prognostic value in gastric cancer.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

[Vagus-saving D2 procedure for early gastric carcinoma].

To improve quality of life in patients who had an aggressive lymph nodes dissection (D2) for early gastric carcinoma, we developed a novel procedure, nerve-saving D2 (VS-D2), in 1991. This procedure constitutes D2 and saving of hepatic and celiac branches of the vagus nerve, whereas conventional D2 consists of D2 and preserving hepatic branches alone of the vagus nerve. Thirty-nine patients between 1991 and 1994 who received VS-D2 and included 3 cases with nodal involvement had no operative death and no recurrence. The occurrence rate of postoperative diarrhea in patients with VS-D2 significantly lower than that in patients with conventional D2 (3% versus 28%, p < 0.01). Postoperative incomplete weight regain (less than 95% of preoperative weight) was also relatively lesser in patients with VS-D2 than those with conventional D2 (64% versus 84%, p = 0.08). The incidence of formation of gallstone also was relatively low in patients with VS-D2 compared that in those with conventional D2 (3% versus 13%) though the difference was not statistically significant. These results suggest that VS-D2 keeps curability of conventional D2 and improves quality of life in patients following surgery for early gastric carcinoma.

Gastrectomy↗
PubMed1996

[Chemohyperthermic peritoneal perfusion and high-dose chemotherapy followed by peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in advanced colon cancer--a case report].

A 49-year-old woman who suffered from caecal cancer in 1988 underwent chemohyperthermic peritoneal perfusion for peritoneal and ovarian metastases in 1990, and high dose chemotherapy (HDC) with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) for lung metastases in 1995. Heated saline containing anticancer drugs such as cisplatin, mitomycin C, etoposide (ETP), and pirarubicin, was intraperitoneally perfused at 43 degrees C for 60 minutes. The CD34 positive cells were mobilized by intravenous 500 micrograms G-CSF administration on five consecutive days. These cells were transplanted three days after the last day in the course of HDC, which included intravenous administration of 475 mg carboplatin, 2,020 mg cyclophosphamide, and 540 mg etoposide. The patient has survived with no sign of the disease.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1996

[A new strategy for the therapy of pancreatic cancer by proton pump inhibitor].

Bafilomycin A1 is a specific inhibitor of vacuolar type proton pump (V-ATPase). This study was designed to examine the effect of bafilomycin A1 on the growth of Capan-1 human pancreatic cells which overexpress V-ATPase. Nude mice bearing a xenografted tumor of Capan-1 cell line were treated for 4 weeks with bafilomycin A1 (1.0 mg/kg/day). This treatment inhibited tumor growth, which was significantly reduced as compared with controls after 21 days (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in body weights between groups. Microscopically, a large number of tumor cells in the treated group showed signs of apoptosis. These findings suggest that apoptosis induced by bafilomycin A1 was the event involved in suppression of tumor growth in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Inhibitory effect of FOY-305 on liver metastasis of the pancreatic cancer].

The potential for hepatic metastasis in nude mice was studied by the intrasplenic implantation method with five human pancreatic cancer cell lines, Capan-1, BxPC-3, AsPC-1, Panc-1, and MIAPaCa-2, especially in relation to serine protease expression, including urokinase-type plasminogen activator and pancreatic trypsinogen 1 (cationic form). The inhibitory effect of a serine protease inhibitor agent, FOY-305, on hepatic metastasis was also a assessed. As a result, the potential for hepatic metastasis was well correlated with expression of pancreatic trypsinogen 1 in these cell lines, and the incidence of metastasis was significantly decreased by FOY-305. These findings suggest that pharmacologic inhibition of serine protease activity may be a new strategy for the therapy of pancreatic cancer metastasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical usefulness of serum CYFRA21-1 in colorectal cancer].

Serum CYFRA21-1 levels were studied in 127 cases of colorectal cancer. The positive rates for serum CYFRA21-1 were 34.6% in primary colorectal cancer. There was a significant correlation between the positive rates of serum CYFRA21-1 and liver metastases, peritoneal dissemination, lymph node metastases, or clinical stage. The survival rate for patients in the CYFRA21-1 positive group was lower than those with CYFRA21-1 negative group. Among patients who underwent curative operation, patients is the CYFRA21-1 positive group gave a recurrence rate of 26.6%, against 9.4% in the CYFRA21-1 negative group. There was no correlation between serum CYFRA21-1 levels and serum CEA levels. These findings suggest that Serum CYFRA21-1 levels may be a useful indicator in estimating the prognosis for colorectal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

[Analysis of the p16INK4, p15INK4B genes abnormality and the amplification of cyclin D1 gene in esophageal cancer].

To evaluate the prognostic significance of gene amplification and overexpression of cyclin D1 in the patients of esophageal squamous cancer, slot blot hybridization and immunohistochemical staining were performed. The patients with gene amplification or overexpression of cyclin D1 were significantly poorly prognosis than patients these were negative. And to investigate abnormality of p16 and p15 genes in 12 squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus, PCR and SSCP analysis were performed. In only one of 12 tumors, complete deletion of p16 and p15 genes was detected. But in other 11 tumors, no abnormality could be detected. Besides to evaluate the prognostic significance of expression of p16 in patients of esophageal squamous cancer, immunohistochemical staining for p16 was performed. The patients with overexpression of p16 were significantly better prognosis than patients that was negative, and this result was opposite contrast with the result of cyclin D1.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1996

[Early carcinoma of the biliary tract].

Early carcinoma of the biliary tract was defined as cancer cell invasion limited to the mucosal or muscularis propria in the case of the gallbladder, to the mucosal or fibro-muscular layer in the case of carcinoma of the bile duct and to the sphincter of Oddi in the case of the papilla of Vater from a study on the correlation between the depth of cancer invasion and the result of surgery. A few cases, however, have lymph node metastasis, venous invasion, perineural infiltration or involvement of the lymphatic vessels. The surgical procedures should therefore be selected in order to have a good chance for long-term survival. The importance of systematic lymph node dissection to improve survival is emphasize, even in patients with early biliary tract cancer.

Biliary Tract Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

E-cadherin and urokinase-type plasminogen activator tissue status in gastric carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: E-cadherin (ECD) is known to be an invasion suppressor gene, and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) plays a central role in infiltration of solid cancers. METHODS: To elucidate the relationship between expression of these factors and metastasis in patients with gastric cancer, the authors examined immunohistochemically a combination analysis of uPA and E-cadherin expression in 98 primary tumors, and the results were correlated with several parameters related to metastasis. RESULTS: Among 125 tumors, 42 (34%) were evaluated as having E-cadherin expression (E-cadherin-positive), and the other 83 (66%) were defined as having reduced E-cadherin expression (E-cadherin-negative). uPA immunoreactivity was observed in 82 tumors (66%). There were four subtypes of patterns of uPA and E-cadherin expression: 22 uPA-negative/E-cadherin-positive, 17 uPA-negative/E-cadherin-negative, 21 uPA-positive/E-cadherin-positive, and 65 uPA-positive/E-cadherin-negative, uPA overexpression and reduced E-cadherin expression were associated with lymph node metastasis, vessel invasion, serosal involvement, and poor prognosis. In addition, uPA-positive/E-cadherin-negative tumors were associated significantly with large tumors, positive serosal invasion, lymph node involvement, and poor prognosis. Patients with uPA-positive/E-cadherin-negative expression had the poorest prognoses, compared with the three other groups of patients uPA-positive/E-cadherin-negative tumors had a fourfold relative risk of death when compared with uPA-negative/E-cadherin-positive tumors. A Cox proportional hazard model projected lymph node status as the strongest of the prognostic variables followed by DNA ploidy patterns and uPA/E-cadherin tissue status. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that immunohistochemical combination analysis of uPA and E-cadherin expression may be a powerful aid in evaluating metastatic potential or the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Mobilization of gastric histamine during repeated administration of a proton potassium adenosine triphosphatase inhibitor in intact and antrectomized rats.

Intact and antrectomized female rats were treated with the potent proton pump inhibitor, E3810 (daily 40 mg/kg weight, s.c.) for 4 weeks. Plasma gastrin concentration and urinary excretion of N-terminal big gastrin increased until day 14 and persisted at a high level in intact rats treated with E3810, but did not increase in antrectomized rats. Urinary excretion of histamine increased progressively and reached 7 times the control value following 4 weeks of treatment with E3810 in intact rats, but not in antrectomized rats. At the termination of the treatment, the endocrine cell density in the oxyntic mucosa of intact rats had increased by 85% with increased histamine content and elevated histidine decarboxylase activity, while antrectomized rats showed a low histamine level and low histidine decarboxylase activity. Administration of gastrin-17 I (10 micrograms/kg weight, sc) itself caused a significant increase in urinary excretion of histamine, which was inhibited by the specific gastrin receptor antagonist, L-365,260. These results suggests that the massive urinary excretion of histamine caused by the treatment with E3810 reflects gastrin-induced mobilization of gastric histamine and that neither E3810 itself nor E3810-induced luminal pH elevation has direct effects on mobilization of oxyntic mucosal histamine.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗