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Biomedical subjects

I Miyazaki

Publications and source records attributed to I Miyazaki.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

The succinate dehydrogenase inhibition test for evaluating biopsy specimens and resected tumors of advanced gastric cancer.

An in vitro chemosensitivity study of both biopsy specimens and surgically resected tumors of advanced gastric cancer from 12 patients was evaluated using the succinate dehydrogenase inhibition (SDI) test. A decrease in succinate dehydrogenase (SD) activity as an indicator of chemosensitivity was determined using cisplatin (CDDP), etoposide (VP-16), and mitomycin C (MMC). In this study, 29 of a total 36 experiments were evaluable (80.6%) and significant correlations were found in all three of the antitumor drugs (P < 0.03). This finding suggests that the SDI test using biopsy specimens may prove valuable for assessing the preoperative chemosensitivity of advanced gastric cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Is bile or are pancreaticoduodenal secretions related to gastric carcinogenesis in rats with reflux through the pylorus?

Male Wistar rats were subjected to one of three types of operative reflux procedure that allowed part or all of the duodenal contents to flow back into the stomach through the pylorus, thus producing models of bile reflux alone, pancreaticoduodenal reflux alone, and combined reflux. All surviving animals were killed 50 weeks after surgery and the development of gastric cancer was assessed. No cancer was seen in 16 animals with pancreaticoduodenal reflux or in 32 control animals with gastrotomy, whereas 2/8 animals with bile reflux and 11/29 animals with combined reflux had gastric carcinoma. Compared with the control group, the incidence of carcinoma in animals with bile or combined reflux was significantly higher (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01 respectively). All carcinomas developed in the antral area near the pylorus. Adenomas were observed only in the groups of animals developing carcinoma and occurred in the same region of the stomach. These results suggest that bile, and not pancreaticoduodenal secretions, is the component of the duodenal contents responsible for the development of gastric carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Intraperitoneal hyperthermic treatment for peritoneal dissemination of colorectal cancers.

Continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion (CHPP) combined with administration of anticancer drugs was performed in eight colorectal cancer patients with peritoneal dissemination. An overall response rate of 50 percent was achieved in the eight patients. Two of three complete responders are long, recurrence-free survivors for 15 and 30 months. The two-year survival has been achieved in 18.8 percent of the patients receiving CHPP, and this rate is significantly higher than the rates in P2 and P3 patients who did not receive CHPP. The complications of CHPP with administration of anticancer drugs were mild bone marrow suppression in two (25 percent) of the eight patients and also a mild grade of renal dysfunction in one (12.5 percent), though not lethal. The results suggest that the combination of CHPP with the administration of anticancer drugs is a safe and effective therapy for peritoneal dissemination of colorectal cancers.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Pathogenesis of hepatic atrophy in canine model of hepatolithiasis.

The pathogenesis of the hepatic atrophy that accompanies hepatolithiasis was investigated pathomorphologically using a canine model. Two groups were evaluated: infected and noninfected. In the infected group, inflammation in Glisson's capsule caused by cholangitis involved the portal vein at the region of the large bile duct. At this region, the periportal fibrosis ratio was significantly greater in the infected group than in the noninfected group both at 1 and 3 months. At the regions of the septal and interlobular bile ducts, the caliber ratio of the portal vein in the two experimental groups was less than in the normal liver both at 1 and 3 months. At both regions, the caliber ratio of the portal vein in the infected group was less than in the noninfected group at 3 months. The rate of atrophy was significantly greater in the infected group than in the noninfected group at 3 months. These results suggest that disturbance of the portal venous blood flow attributed to cholangitis of the large bile ducts is one of the most important factors leading to hepatic atrophy in hepatolithiasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Effect of SMS 201-995 on exocrine pancreatic secretion in a patient with external pancreatic fistula.

The effect of SMS 201-995 on pancreatic exocrine function was studied. The SMS 201-995 was administered to a patient with an artificial external pancreatic fistula following pancreaticoduodenectomy. Variations in pancreatic exocrine function were assessed by determining the volume and components of the fistula fluid during the following periods: 5 d prior to SMS 201-995 administration, for 5 d during actual administration, and for 5 d after it had been discontinued. The SMS 201-995 was administered by subcutaneous injection of 100 micrograms every 12 h for the first 2 d and then 100 micrograms every 6 h for 3 d. This experiment demonstrated that SMS 201-995 has a strong inhibitory effect on pancreatic exocrine function, markedly reducing the amount of fistula fluid and the production of amylase, total protein, and bicarbonate.

Female↗
PubMed1992

Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region counts in exocrine pancreatic tumors.

We enumerated the number of Ag-NORs in normal pancreatic ducts and exocrine pancreatic tumors to assess their cellular activity. Our results indicate that the mean number of Ag-NOR counts increased stepwise in the following order: normal pancreatic duct (1.26), serous cystadenoma (1.27), mucinous cystadenoma (1.65), mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (2.29), noninvasive intraductal variant of mucin-producing papillary adenocarcinoma (3.16), and a common type of invasive duct cell adenocarcinoma (3.78). These results suggest that cellular proliferative activity is low in normal pancreatic ducts and serous cystadenoma, intermediate in mucinous cystadenoma, and high in mucinous cystadenocarcinoma and duct cell adenocarcinoma. In addition, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma has significantly lower Ag-NOR counts than duct cell adenocarcinoma. We conclude that a clear quantitative difference between the Ag-NOR content of tumor cells of serous cystadenoma, mucinous cystadenoma, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, and duct cell adenocarcinoma reflects the underlying different biologic behavior (chiefly, grade of malignancy) of these lesions.

Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating↗
PubMed1992

Proliferation assay of human gastric remnant by bromodeoxyuridine and flow cytometry.

The cell kinetics of gastric epithelium were studied by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and flow cytometry in seven patients with remnant stomachs reconstructed with a Billroth type II procedure and in 25 patients with whole stomachs. Each patient received an intravenous injection of BrdU (200 mg/m2) 6 hours before surgery. Fresh specimens obtained from the lesser curvature, greater curvature, and stomal areas in the cases of remnant stomachs and from the antrum and fundus in the case of whole stomachs were studied. The BrdU labeling index was higher in the stomal area of the gastric remnant than in other areas, and DNA synthesis time was shortened in the stomal area of the gastric remnant (P less than 0.01) but not in other areas. The turnover time of the mucosa in the stomal area was 4.1 +/- 1.2 days, significantly shorter (P less than 0.01) than in other areas (7.6 +/- 2.3 to 8.2 +/- 1.2 days). The present study showed that the cell proliferation was extremely rapid in the stomal area of the gastric remnant, suggesting that this enhanced turnover of epithelial cells may assist in promoting carcinogenesis in the stomal area of the gastric remnant.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Wide resection with latissimus dorsi muscle transposition in breast conserving surgery.

In this study we evaluated whether the immediate transposition of the latissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) improves breast appearance and patient satisfaction after quadrantectomy. Twenty-three patients (transposed group) had the transposition of LDM immediately after quadrantectomy, but eight patients (non-transposed group) had quadrantectomy alone. For evaluation, breast size was classified as small (A or B cup) and large (C or D cup). Consequently, the cosmetic result was evaluated as excellent in 73% of the patients with transposed small breasts, but in only 25% of the patients with non-transposed small breasts and by none of the patients with transposed large breasts. On the other hand, all patients with transposed small breasts reported that they are satisfied with their operation, as opposed to 88% of the patients with transposed large breasts and 63% of the patients with transposed large breasts and 63% of the patients with non-transposed small breasts. It was concluded therefore, that the transposition of LDM is useful in correcting post-quadrantectomy breast deformity, especially in patients with small breasts.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

DNA polymerase alpha positive-cell rate in colorectal cancer and its relationship to prognosis.

A total of 63 patients with colorectal cancer were studied for proliferative activity by an immunohistochemical technique using a monoclonal antibody against DNA polymerase alpha. The DNA polymerase alpha positive cell rates ranged from 24.0% to 74.6%. There was a correlation between the DNA polymerase alpha positive cell rates of biopsies and resected specimens. There was no significant correlation between DNA polymerase alpha positive cell rates and histological type, tumour size, invasion of bowel wall, lymphatic invasion, venous invasion, lymph node metastasis or peritoneal metastasis. Tumours with a high growth fraction (a DNA polymerase alpha positive cell rate greater than or equal to 42%) were more frequently associated with liver metastasis than those with a low growth fraction (a DNA polymerase alpha positive cell rate less than 42%). Patients with high growth fraction tumours had significantly poorer prognoses than those with low growth fraction tumours. The results of multivariate analysis using the proportional hazard model of Cox indicated that the DNA polymerase alpha positive cell rates, liver metastasis, and peritoneal metastasis were independent prognostic factors. The results indicate that the DNA polymerase alpha positive cell rate may be a useful prognostic marker of colorectal cancers.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1992

Duodenal reflux through the pylorus induces gastric adenocarcinoma in the rat.

We investigated whether duodenal reflux through the pylorus is involved in the development of gastric cancer. Male Wistar rats weighing 230-250 g were subjected to three types of operative procedures: (i) allowing reflux through the pylorus; (ii) allowing reflux through a gastrojejunal stoma; and (iii) gastrotomy. No carcinogens were given, and the animals were killed 50 weeks after surgery. No cancers were detected in any of the 18 animals with gastrotomy. In contrast, seven (41%) of 17 animals with reflux through the pylorus and four (31%) of 13 animals with reflux through the stoma had adenocarcinoma. Differences in the incidence between both reflux groups and the gastrotomy group were significant (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05 respectively). All of the adenocarcinomas developed in the pyloric mucosa near the pylorus in the animals with reflux through the pylorus, and in the oxyntic mucosa near the stoma in those with reflux through the stoma. Adenocarcinomas appeared as a polyploid mass with or without slight central erosion. Most of the adenocarcinomas were of the well-differentiated tubular type, and the others were of the mucinous type. No differences in either the histologic type or depth of invasion of the adenocarcinoma were recognized between the two duodenogastric reflux groups. Precancerous or paracancerous lesions, such as adenoma, adenocystic proliferation, and stomal pseudopyloric metaplasia, were more frequently found in the same region as the adenocarcinomas. These findings suggest that duodenogastric reflux in the rat has potent carcinogenic activities not only in the oxyntic mucosa through the stoma, but also in the pyloric mucosa through the pylorus.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Synchronous cancer of the biliary tract and pancreas associated with anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system.

A 58-year-old man on abdominal ultrasonography and CT had an irregularly elevated lesion at the neck of the gallbladder and a cyst of approximately 6.5 cm in diameter at the pancreatic tail. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography revealed a 2-cm shadow defect at the neck of the gallbladder and an irregular, translucent 30 x 12 mm lesion in the intrapancreatic bile duct. Total pancreatectomy and extended cholecystectomy with regional lymph node dissection was performed. An anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system (AAPBD) was demonstrated by postoperative contrast radiography of resected specimen. The lesions of the gallbladder and common bile duct were papillary adenocarcinoma. In addition, papillary adenocarcinoma was limited almost entirely to the mucosal layer of the main pancreatic duct and its branches, from the junction of the common bile duct and pancreatic duct to the pancreatic tail. The three tumors were not continuous. The cyst at the pancreatic tail was a pseudocyst. This case represents synchronous cancer of the gallbladder, common bile duct, and pancreas associated with AAPBD.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1992

Immunohistochemical study of carcinoembryonic antigen in mucinous cystic neoplasm of the pancreas.

Pathologic and immunohistochemical studies of 13 patients with mucinous cystic neoplasm of the pancreas were performed in order to determine whether these lesions represent overt or latent malignancy. In 9 patients with mucinous cystadenoma, the foci of mucus-rich columnar epithelia formed the usual pattern of stratifications and papillary projections with a benign appearance and did not stain with mouse monoclonal antibody to CEA (CM-010, Mochida, Japan). In contrast, the foci of mucus-poor columnar epithelia which were in a focal distribution showed moderate to severe atypical hyperplasia and reacted strongly with anti-CEA in 6 of the 9 patients. In addition, areas of both noninvasive and invasive mucinous cystadenocarcinomas in 4 patients, which were composed primarily of mucus-poor columnar epithelia, showed diffuse cytoplasmic and/or apical reactivity with anti-CEA. Based on these results, we conclude that severe atypical epithelial hyperplasia composed primarily of mucus-poor columnar epithelia represents a precursor to mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, and, therefore, mucus-poor atypical epithelia may undergo malignant transformation.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Immunohistochemical detection of c-myc products in colorectal cancer and proliferative cell rate.

Expression of c-myc protein was studied immunohistochemically in colorectal cancers using a monoclonal antibody, MYC-1. Immunoblotting assays with cellular lysates demonstrated a band of the gene products at the level of 60 kDa. c-myc-protein-positive tumor cells were observed in 43 (43.4%) of 99 specimens of colorectal cancers. There was no significant correlation between the incidence of MYC-1-positive tumors and clinicopathological findings. The rate of MYC-1 proteins occurring in patients with liver metastasis was significantly higher than that in patients without the metastasis. The rate of occurrence of DNA polymerase-alpha-positive cells in MYC-1 protein-positive tumors was significantly higher than in MYC-1 negative ones. The results suggested that MYC-1 immunoreactivity might possibly be a useful prognostic marker of colorectal cancers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Interrelationship between transforming growth factor-alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor in advanced gastric cancer.

An immunohistochemical study for transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was made with 167 primary tumors of advanced gastric cancer to demonstrate the potential existence of autocrine mechanism. TGF alpha stained positively in 87 (52%), and EGFR in 68 (41%) of the tumors. The authors classified the tumors into the following three groups: group 1 with neither TGF alpha nor EGFR staining positively (63 tumors); group 2 with either TGF alpha or EGFR staining positively (53 tumors); group 3 with both TGF alpha and EGFR staining positively (51 tumors). The incidence rates of macroscopically infiltrative tumors and large tumor measuring 6 cm or more in diameter were significantly higher for group 3 than for groups 1 and 2. The patients of group 3 had the poorest prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate of only 12%, while the 5-year survival rates were 45 and 36% for groups 1 and 2. There was a significant difference in survival between the patients of group 1 and those of group 3. Bromodeoxyuridine labeling indices were significantly higher in the tumors belonging to group 3 (median 15.8%) than in those of group 1 (median 10.8%). The results suggest that the autocrine mechanism between TGF alpha and EGFR may play an important role in the progression of gastric cancer, and that when such a mechanism becomes operative, prognosis may be poor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Effects of switching from a high-fat diet to a low-fat diet on tumor proliferation and cell kinetics of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary carcinoma in rats.

We investigated the stimulatory effect of a high-fat diet on tumorigenesis, tumor proliferation and cell kinetics of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary carcinomas in Sprague-Dawley rats, and sought to determine whether switching the animals from a high-fat diet to a low-fat diet would suppress tumor proliferation and cell kinetics. The high-fat diet significantly stimulated tumorigenesis, tumor proliferation and cell kinetics. After the animals were switched from the high-fat diet to the low-fat diet, however, tumor growth decreased, the BrdUrd labeling indices of tumors significantly decreased, and the potential doubling times of tumors significantly increased. Therefore, switching from a high-fat diet to a low-fat diet may improve the prognosis of breast cancer.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1992

Correlation of c-erbB-2 protein expression and lymph node status in early gastric cancer.

For the prediction of nodal status of early gastric cancer, sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from 220 early gastric cancers were analyzed immunohistochemically, using a polyclonal antibody against erbB-2 protein. The data of erbB-2 protein expression have been correlated with pathologic data, and a logistic regression analysis was made for the estimation of the significant factors responsible for lymph node metastasis. A pattern consistent with cell membrane staining was regarded as most specific for the erbB-2 expression. There were 22 (10%) cancers with evidence of erbB-2 protein expression. Positive staining was associated with only lymph node metastasis. The risk of lymph node metastasis was 3-fold greater in tumors having erbB-2 protein expression than in tumors without the expression. When the erbB-2 tissue status and clinicopathological parameters were entered into the logistic regression analysis, erbB-2 protein expression emerged as one of the independent significant factors for lymph node metastasis. These results indicate that early gastric cancer with erbB-2 protein expression may represent a potential risk of lymph node metastasis.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1992

Proliferative activity of bile duct epithelium after bacterial infection in dogs.

To clarify the relationship between proliferative activity in bile duct epithelia and bacterial infection in the dog, we induced obstructive cholestasis with a bacterial infection in two lobes of the liver. The bile duct branch draining the left lateral lobes of the liver was cannulated in all mongrel dogs. The dogs were divided into three groups and treated as follows: in group 1 the cannula was clamped after the injection of 10(7) Escherichia coli (aerobic bacteria) and 10(7) Bacteroides fragilis (anaerobic bacteria) cells; in group 2 the cannula was clamped after the injection of 10(7) E. coli cells; and in group 3 the cannula was clamped without the injection of any bacteria. Three months and 9 months later dogs from each group were killed, and their livers were examined. In the group 1 dogs papillary hyperplasia and severe dysplasia were noted in association with chronic cholangitis at 3 months and 9 months, respectively, after operation. In the group 2 dogs periductal fibrosis was severe, but epithelial papillary hyperplasia was less pronounced than in the group 1 dogs at each period. In the group 3 dogs no periductal fibrosis or epithelial papillary hyperplasia was seen at either 3 or 9 months postoperatively. These findings suggest that papillary hyperplasia and/or severe dysplasia of the bile duct epithelium may be caused by aerobic and anaerobic bacterial infection of the biliary tract in combination with bile stasis.

Animals↗