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Biomedical subjects

I Lewin

Publications and source records attributed to I Lewin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

The association and predictive value of the complex immunoglobulin A-alpha 1-antitrypsin in the development of erosions in early rheumatoid arthritis.

Immunoglobulin A-alpha 1 antitrypsin complex (IgA-AT), its constituent components and nine other clinical or laboratory variables were measured in thirty-three patients with early, non-erosive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in order to assess their value in predicting the subsequent development of erosions. After 12 months, eighteen patients had developed erosions. Comparison of variables measured at outset between the group of patients subsequently developing erosions and those not, showed only the complex IgA-AT level to be significantly different, the mean being higher in the erosive group. In the subgroup of patients with high IgA-AT levels (greater than 3.0 arbitary units) all developed erosions. The possible therapeutic implications of these findings are discussed.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1990

Development and evaluation of a rapid, semi-automatic micro-method for CH50 estimation using a computer program.

Established methods for the estimation of serum complement are often unsatisfactory. Problems include complex mathematical and/or technical manipulations, lack of objectivity, and poor sensitivity. Here we present an assay that is rapid, sensitive, quantitative, simple and semi-automatic by using an 'ELISA' reader to estimate released haemoglobin. It compares very favourable with a more manual, old established method. We have used this new method to establish a normal range, investigate serum storage conditions, and demonstrate that the sensitised sheep red blood cells are suitable targets after overnight storage at 4 degrees C. Furthermore we confirm that serum from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus or Sjögren's syndrome frequently has reduced levels of CH50. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, Bechet's disease or arteritis have a mean CH50 within the normal range.

Complement Hemolytic Activity Assay↗
PubMed1987

Affiliation patterns among cancer patients.

Affiliation preferences of 150 cancer out-patients were assessed in the waiting-room and day-to-day life. Results indicated the vast majority avoided fellow patients, preferring to be alone or with healthy people. Similarly, patients tended to avoid the topic of illness in their social contacts. Moreover, those desiring to be with the healthy displayed the highest levels of negative emotion. Finally, avoidance of fellow patients was higher among males, the elderly, and the more highly educated. Overall, the findings were inconsistent with the thesis that those under stress seek out others in similar straits, as suggested by Schachter's emotional comparison theory or Will's downward comparison theory. Rather, they support Rofé's utility theory of stress and affiliation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The Goldstein-Scheerer Cube Test: a developmental-regressive study.

The Goldstein-Scheerer Cube Test was analyzed within a developmental frame of reference because Goldstein and Scheerer's criteria of pathological thought processes were found to be parallel to stages of development in concept formation. In addition to accuracy of the reproduction, the shape of the design frame and any rotations also were studied. Hypotheses were that the younger the subjects, the more global and diffuse their reproduction, while with increasing age the designs would be more accurate. A developmental gradient was suggested on a priori theoretical considerations. Thus, a gradient that consisted of three stages of perceptual matching, superceded by five stages of abstract analysis of the design, was envisaged. With regard to the frame and position of the reproduction, the breaking up of the square frame was considered most regressive. Among the rotations, those of 90%-180% were seen as more regressive than those of 45%; distinctions were made according to the causes of the rotations. The test was administered to samples of children aged 5, 7, 9, and 11 years, respectively (N = 171). The hypotheses generally were supported. The stages of the gradient of the configuration of the pattern showed very high scalability. The ranking among the shape of the frame of the copies and the various rotations of the copies relative to the design were supported. The 5-year-olds were significantly different from the three older age groups, as predicted. The results indicate a regressive hierarchy among faulty reactions to the Cube Test.

Child↗
PubMed1986

Internal versus external references with respect to perception of stimuli on the body surface.

Previous studies on the determinants of locus of perception of stimuli on the body have suggested that the position of the stimulus has a significant effect whether a subject perceives a tactile pattern as seen from inside or outside the body. However, it is possible that previous investigators confounded stimulus location--dorsal or frontal--and experimenter's position--behind or in front of the subject. Using 42 male subjects in a 2 X 2 design, the effects of experimenter's position and stimulus location were studied by a new technique for inferring locus of perception. Experimenter's position, rather than stimulus location, affects subjects' locus of perception. Perception of stimuli on the body involves three independent factors, the demand characteristics of the experiment, the manner in which an individual perceives the boundaries of his own body, and an individual's ability to adopt the experimenter's perceptual standpoint.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Measurement of IgA-alpha 1 anti-trypsin (alpha 1 AT) complex in the sera of patients with IgA myelomatosis.

The level of IgA-alpha 1 anti-trypsin (alpha 1 AT) complex in a relatively large number of IgA myeloma sera has been determined, and compared with their content of polymerised forms of IgA. The level of the complex was the same in sera containing only monomeric IgA, some polymer and more than 50% polymer (as determined by SDS-PAGE). There was, however, a highly significant inverse correlation between the amount of IgA-alpha 1 AT complex in the myeloma sera and their content of 10S dimer (as determined by analytical ultracentrifugation). High levels of IgA-alpha 1 AT complex were also found in the small number of myeloma sera examined which contained paraprotein of the minor allotypic form of (Am2+) of the IgA2 sub-class, indicating that the lack of disulphide bonds between the heavy and light chains of this isotype has no influence on its ability to complex with alpha 1 AT.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Patient affiliation in major illness.

Affiliation preferences among 100 Israeli out-patients with major illness were assessed in waiting room interviews. Patients preferred healthy others over being with fellow sufferers or alone, and avoided illness as a discussion topic. Secondary preference for being alone rather than with co-patients rose slightly with reported anxiety. Findings contradict the emotional comparison hypothesis that misery seeks out co-sufferers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Affiliation before and after child delivery as a function of repression-sensitization.

A group of 177 women were asked, before and after child delivery, to state their preference for being alone or with other women. They were also asked to rank their level of anxiety. After delivery they filled out the Repression-Sensitization Scale of Byrne, Barry & Nelson (1963). Results show sensitizers to be more anxious than repressors before but not after delivery. Before delivery repressors preferred to be alone, while sensitizers wanted to stay with others. After delivery both groups show a significant preference for being with others. There is no significant correlation between anxiety and affiliation.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1977

REM and dreaming.

4 subjects were awakened after long REM periods and 12 other subjects after short REM and after NREMs. The mean numbers of words, dream episodes, and spontaneous remarks about being interrupted in the middle of a dream were significantly different in the reports of the three groups. It is suggested that the present view of the relationship between REM and dreaming is not conclusive.

Adult↗