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Biomedical subjects

I Lauder

Publications and source records attributed to I Lauder.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

A pilot study of cyclical chemotherapy with high-dose methotrexate and CHOP (MTX-CHOP) in poor-prognosis non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).

In a pilot study of cyclical chemotherapy in patients with poor-prognosis non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), high-dose methotrexate (MTX) 1 g/m2 with folinic acid rescue was given as initial treatment and then between cycles of a single-arm CHOP combination administered every 4 weeks. Of 21 patients with previously untreated or minimally treated grade 2 (high-grade) histology stage II/III/IV NHL, 13 (62%) achieved complete remission (CR); the CR rate for stage III/IV patients was 56%. Of all 25 patients with grade 2 stage II/III/IV NHL, including previously treated patients, 16 (64%) achieved CR. The median follow-up of patients who completed treatment is currently 22 months and only 1 relapse has been recorded in the CR group. Only five of 24 grade 2 patients given the initial 'test' MTX failed to show any response, and eight patients achieved partial remission (PR) as a result of this single treatment. The response to MTX-CHOP in nine patients with grade 1 (low-grade) histology NHL was poor; only two achieved CR. These findings lend support to other data which indicate a useful role for MTX in the induction chemotherapy of advanced high-grade NHL, though the optimum dosage and drug sequence have yet to be determined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Surface membrane staining of immunoglobulins in paraffin sections of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas using immunogold-silver staining technique.

The immunogold-silver staining (IGSS) method is a new immunostaining technique with much enhanced sensitivity for demonstration of antigens in paraffin sections. A series of 10 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of B cell type were stained for surface membrane immunoglobulins by the IGSS and peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) methods using paraffin sections and polyclonal primary antisera. The resulting staining patterns were compared with those obtained using frozen sections of the same tissues, monoclonal antibodies and the immunoperoxidase technique. The IGSS method gave a clear demonstration of surface membrane immunoglobulins in neoplastic lymphocytes using paraffin sections and the pattern of staining achieved was comparable to that obtained by the immunoperoxidase technique employing frozen sections and monoclonal antibodies. PAP staining of paraffin sections consistently failed to demonstrate the presence of any surface membrane immunoglobulin. The IGSS method provides a new approach to the diagnosis of B cell lymphomas in which routinely fixed and processed tissues may be employed to demonstrate monoclonality.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Alleviation of diabetic microangiopathy in rats by pancreatic islet cell transplantation.

Diabetes was induced in female WAG rats by an injection of streptozotocin. The resultant diabetic microangiopathy was studied in the kidney and other organs and the effectiveness of pancreatic islet cell transplantation in preventing and reversing the microvascular complications was assessed. It was found that intraportal transplants of more than 1000 islets produced metabolic normality in most animals and successful transplants prevented the development of diabetic microangiopathy. Very early lesions could be completely restored to normal. The findings strongly support the necessity of good metabolic control of human diabetic patients to prevent microangiopathic damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Lomotil in cats.

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Animals↗
PubMed1981

Liver tumours following streptozotocin administration in rats and the effects of pancreatic islet cell transplantation.

The effects of a single injection of streptozotocin, at a dosage of 50 mg/kg body weight, have been studied in female inbred WAG rats. The resultant diabetes in the streptozotocin treated animals was treated in one group of animals by an intraportal pancreatic islet cell transplantation whilst another group received no transplant or insulin treatment. The incidence of tumours were determined at autopsy in animals sacrificed at regular intervals. Tumours, apart from one renal adenocarcinoma, were seen only in the liver and only in streptozotocin treated animals. Liver nodules and cysts were most common in animals which had received both streptozotocin and an islet cell transplant.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Cytokinetic changes in the thymus of tumour-bearing and of dexamethasone-treated mice.

Changes in the cell population kinetics of the Balb/c mouse thymus were studied (a) during the growth of a syngeneic transplantable sarcoma and (b) following intraperitoneal injection of dexamethasone. The weight of the thymus fell briefly after tumour transplantation, then recovered with overshoot and eventually declined profoundly. After dexamethasone injection the weight of the thymus fell to roughly one-third of its normal value in 36 hr. Similar cytokinetic changes were observed in both sets of experiments; thymic wasting was accompanied by a small increase in thymocyte cell cycle time, a prolongation of the S-phase of the cycle, a marked decrease in the thymocyte cell production rate and a marked reduction in the growth fraction of the thymocyte population in the superficial cortex. It is suggested that thymic atrophy in tumour bearing animals may be a stress phenomenon.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The effects of dexamethasone on the cell kinetics of a murine malignant lymphoma.

The effects of dexamethasone on the cell kinetics of a rapidly growing syngeneic B cell malignant lymphoma in Balb/c mice have been studied. Growth curves, stathmokinetic studies and frequency of labelled mitoses (FLM) experiments were performed in groups of dexamethasone treated and control animals. These studies showed that tumour growth was arrested after 8 days treatment at which time the tumour weights were approximately half those of control animals. Dexamethasone increased the duration of the cell cycle with a particular increase in the duration of DNA synthesis. The results indicated that the effect on tumour growth could be attributed to a reduction in the growth fraction.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Cell population kinetic profile of the mouse thymus, and the changes induced by prednisolone.

The cell population kinetic parameters of the thymus in BALB/c mice have been estimated using stathmokinetic and [3H]TdR techniques in both control animals and animals treated with prednisolone. FLM data were analysed by computer using the Gilbert program. The study showed that prednisolone had an inhibitory effect mainly in the DNA synthesis phase and in G1. Stathmokinetic data also showed a decrease in the cell birth rate and an increase in the apparent cell cycle time (or potential doubling time) after treatment. The labelling index, the mitotic index and the growth fraction were also decreased. The study also shows a good agreement between the data obtained by stathmokinetic and [3H]TdR techniques.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Spontaneous maturation of stage IV--S neuroblastoma.

A case of stage IV--S neuroblastoma is presented in which treatment has deliberately been kept to a minimum. Gradual maturation to ganglioneuroma has been documented and the patient's generally good progress has justified this approach.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Macrophage infiltration of breast tumours: a prospective study.

In 50 cases of infiltrating breast cancer investigated in a prospective study the number of macrophages within each tumour was assessed. The macrophages were identified by their cytoplasmic acid phosphatase activity. The number of lymphocytes and plasma cells within the tumours were graded by a scoring technique. Significantly fewer cases with metastases were found among those with high macrophage and plasma cell scores. There was no correlation between lymphoreticular infiltration and the degree of tumour differentiation, but in cases without metastases the lymphoreticular infiltration between tumour cells was nearly always only slight when the macrophage score was low.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1976

Achondrogenesis type I. A familial subvariant?

The clinical, pathological, and radiological features of 2 male sibs with a severe and lethal form of micromelic dwarfism are desribed. The family also includes 2 normal sibs. The histological and radiological appearances suggested a diagnosis of achondrogenesis type I, but the markedly deficient ossification of the skull and the presence of intrauterine rib fractures were atypical. These changes have been observed in two other families with 2 or more infants with suspected achondrogenesis, raising the possibility that these familial cases may be a subvariant of achondrogesis or even a distinct disease entity. The disease appears to be inherited as an autosomal recessive and death occurs shortly after birth because of severe pulmonary hypoplasia.

Achondroplasia↗
PubMed1975

A nephropathy occuring in rats treated with dinitrochlorobenzene and N-methyl-N-nitroso guanidine.

Chronic administration of a potent oral carcinogen N-Methyl-N-Nitroso guanidine (M.N.N.G.) failed to produce gastric carcinoma in CFHB Wistar rats sensitised to 2.4 dinitrochlorobenzene (D.N.C.B.). In addition animals receiving both D.N.C.B. alone and D.N.C.B. and M.N.N.G. developed a severe nephropathy characterised by heavy proteinuria and extensive renal cortical damage. The histological features include proliferation of parietal epithelial cells and mesangial sclerosis. An association between the nephropathy and long term D.N.C.B. administration is suggested and on the basis of investigation to date direct toxicity rather than immune complex disease seems more likely.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

Cellular immunity, peripheral blood lymphocyte count and pathological staging of tumours in the gastrointestinal tract.

The peripheral blood lymphocyte count has been measured in 74 cases of histologically proven carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract. The count has been correlated with the pathological stage of tumour spread and the patient's delayed hypersensitivity response to 2.4 dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). A statistically significant correlation was found between the peripheral blood lymphocyte count and the response to DNCB. There was linear association between the extent of spread of the tumours and the lymphocyte count. Those patients with low peripheral blood lymphocyte counts tended to have more advanced tumours and a poor response to DNCB. The possible causes of this lymphopenia are discussed.

Adult↗