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Biomedical subjects

I Koszewska

Publications and source records attributed to I Koszewska.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Evaluation of dementia in subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy (Binswanger's disease).

Sixteen patients with a clinical diagnosis of subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy (Binswanger's disease) were studied. Mild or moderate dementia was found in 14 cases, with characteristic disturbances of concentration, and psychic retardation with apathy. Neuropsychological studies revealed that signs of diffuse lesions in the frontal lobes dominated. Impairment of memory was significant in all cases. Although intellectual impairment in subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy resembled subcortical dementia, some significant differences were found.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The administration of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) in the treatment of depression].

Over the last years St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) has been extensively studied for its potential antidepressant activity. In Poland, it has not been approved yet as an antidepressant drug by the State Committee of Pharmaceutical Agents and Medical Materials Registration. However, since this agent is widely and commonly used (on a parapharmaceutical base), and also taking into account that possible hazard of such treatment and the risk of interactions with other drugs (which have been reported)--it seems reasonable to review and summarise the collected up-to-date data concerning these issues.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Results of using tricyclic antidepressive drugs in the treatment of endogenous depression (comparative analysis of 7 drugs)].

A group of 250 patients with endogenous depression was studied. Amitriptyline proved to be the most effective drug (51% positive responses) followed by noxiptilin (50%), imipramine (42%), dibenzepin (43%). Clomipramine, desipramine, and nomifensine appeared to be the least effective. Demographic or clinical factors such as age, sex, type of affective illness, severity of depressive syndrome or its particular symptoms (depression, fear, anxiety, psychomotor impairment or biological rhythm alteration) did not show any potential for prediction of the treatment outcome. Worse therapeutic results were observed in patients who had already been given antidepressant treatment for the current depressive cycle before the assessment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Early results of the treatment of endogenous depression with tricyclic antidepressive drugs and prognosis of their effectiveness].

Evaluation of a group of 250 patients with endogenous depression in the course of affective illness suggest that reactions of patients to tricyclic antidepressants in an early phase of the treatment may supply interesting prognostic data. Improvement of mental state (reduction of the Hamilton Depression Scale score) on the seventh day and especially on the 14th day of treatment points to a high probability of positive response to the treatment. Lack of such a reaction or worsening of the mental state in the early phase of pharmacotherapy (on the seventh day) frequently is an early sign of lack of positive response to the treatment. The survey considered following antidepressant drugs: amitriptyline, noxiptilin, clomipramine, dibenzepin and desipramine.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Transition from the depressive stage to the manic stage during the treatment with antidepressive drugs].

The effects of antidepressant drugs on phase switching was studied in 602 individuals treated for endogenous depression. Altogether 869 depressed phases were evaluated retrospectively--there were 470 depressed phases in the course of bipolar affective disorder and 399 of unipolar disorder or with the undefined course. Switching from depression to mania was observed in patients with bipolar disorder--in 27.9% of cases of bipolar depression and in 21.5% of bipolar patients. Most frequently the switching was observed during management of depressed phase with amitriptyline (24.4% of treatments with this drug). The results point to a role of cholinergic system in pathophysiology of switching out of depression into mania during treatment with antidepressant drug.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Reaction to sleep deprivation as a prognostic factor in the treatment of endogenous depression].

Studies conducted on a group of 38 patients with endogenous depression demonstrated that a reaction to sleep-deprivation presenting as improved well-being has a significant predictive potential for treatment with imipramine. Patients who displayed the reaction also significantly more frequently displayed improvement of clinical course (remission; good response). Risk of switching from depression to mania also increased among these patients. Patients responding to sleep-deprivation with improved well-being belonged mainly to the bipolar affective disorder. Neither clinical manifestations of depression, nor the number of relapses, nor the duration period of the disorder, nor basic demographic patterns did show distinct features; nor did they differ significantly from patients who did not respond to sleep-deprivation with improved well-being.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bulimia].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical evaluation of fluoxetine].

The multicenter trials were performed in a group of 86 depressive inpatients (among them 64 with endogenous depression) managed with fluoxetine (Prozac). It was established that the drug is most effective in managing psychogenic depressions and may also be of use in endogenous depressions, among them in drug resistant ones. Tolerance to the drug was satisfactory, 62% did not show any unwanted side-effects. The rest of the group displayed sleep disorders, increased anxiety, lost of appetite and nausea. Changes in the laboratory parameters and non-specific changes in the electrocardiogram were observed sporadically. Fluoxetine seemed not to have any direct cholinolytic effect.

Depressive Disorder↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Drug resistance in endogenous depression. Part I. Refractoriness to antidepressants in patients with depression admitted to a psychiatric clinic for the first time].

The efficacy of antidepressive treatment (mainly pharmacotherapy) was evaluated among 284 patients, admitted for the first time to the hospital with the diagnosis of endogenous depression. The first antidepressant therapy was found effective in 58% of the patients. Furthermore treatment with other antidepressants in the patients not responding to the initial therapy was successful in 57% of the cases. Drug resistance (defined as no therapeutical effect after 2 adequate courses of antidepressant treatment) was established in 7% of this sample. It was established that the drug resistance is more frequent after the 45th year of life. No relation between the drug resistance and sex, type of affective disorder, life events or somatic disorders were found.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychotropic profile of essential antidepressants (amitriptyline, imipramine, desipramine, chlorimipramine): comparative study].

Comparative studies of the therapeutic activity of amitriptyline, imipramine, desipramine and chlorimipramine were studied in a group of 185 patients with endogenous depression. After standard 28-day treatment, the best results were obtained while using amitriptyline (improvement rate 67%, the greatest reduction in the Hamilton Depression Scale scored on 28-day of the treatment). The profile and characteristics of antidepressive action of all the drugs taken into consideration are comparable (including slightly more expressed sedative and deliberative effects of amitriptyline). Desinhibitive influence of desipramine and imipramine was not proved. Neither was tachythymoleptic activity of desipramine found. The study does not support the relation between the antidepressive action profile of tricyclic antidepressants and their influence on reuptake of monoamines (norepinephrine and serotonine).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Drug resistance in endogenous depression Part II. Refractoriness to antidepressants in affective disorders].

Among 67 patients admitted for the first time to the hospital drug resistance was evaluated in the further course of disease for at least 3 consecutive depressive phases. It was established that drug resistance occurs (usually as a single episode) in 28% of patients with endogenous depression and it concerns 10% of all depressive phases. The drug resistance is more frequent after the 45th year of life. The incidence of therapeutic failures is 3% during the first depressive phase and goes up in the consecutive phases. The occurrence of drug resistance in the past has no prognostic value for the next phase. There is a certain subgroup of patients, characterized by repetitive drug resistance during several phases. This phenomenon needs further evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pharmacotherapy of depression in patients with and without conversion from depression to mania in the course of bipolar affective disorder].

To answer the question whether the kind and duration of the applied antidepressant therapy is a risk factor for the occurrence of mania directly after depression, the treatment of depression relapses in 30 patients with switch from depression to mania in the course of bipolar disease, and the treatment of 30 (appropriately selected) patients without this change was compared. No differences in treatment procedures were stated in comparable relapses, apart from more frequent application of lithium carbonate and carbamazepine in the patients with the switch from depression to mania. It was shown that long-term application of antidepressant drugs is not connected with the increased risk of such change.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pharmacotherapy in depression during conversion from depression to mania in patients with bipolar affective disorder].

Frequency of occurrence of mania directly after depression during antidepressant treatment with drugs of different pharmacological characteristics was examined. 210 depressive episodes (in 118 patients) finished with switching from depression to mania were analyzed. It was found that this phenomenon occurs more frequently during therapy with classical tricyclic drugs (amitryptyline, imipramine) than with the second generation antidepressant drugs. A group of patients in whom the switch from depression to mania occurs independently of the kind of applied therapy, was observed.

Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic↗