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Biomedical subjects

I Koshima

Publications and source records attributed to I Koshima.

86 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Experimental study of vascularized muscle: multifactorial analysis of muscle regeneration following denervation.

An experimental study on regeneration of vascularized muscles after denervation was carried out on a total of 73 adult rat gastrocnemius muscles. A vascularized muscle graft harvested from the gluteal region was transplanted orthotopically with its vascular pedicle. A transected motor nerve of the graft was sutured under the operating microscope. The rats were sacrificed at intervals throughout 12 postoperative months, and biopsied muscles were processed for histologic, immunohistochemical, and composing protein analysis studies. After degeneration of the originally transplanted muscle fibers, regenerating cells such as myoblasts and myotubes developed into mature muscle fibers up to week 8 after surgery. These results suggest that in the regenerating mechanism of vascularized muscle grafts, there are both degenerating and regenerating processes in the transplanted muscles.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Free vascularized osteoonychocutaneous flap for reconstruction of the distal phalanx of the fingers.

The "twisted toe flap" offers a solution for reconstruction of the distal phalanx of the fingers; however, a major problem with this method is that the second donor toe must be sacrificed. Two clinical cases are reported in which free vascularized "osteo-onychocutaneous" flaps modified wrap-around flaps were successfully used. The use of the free vascularized osteo-onychocutaneous flap is suggested as a superior method of reconstruction for treating distal phalangeal loss in the fingers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Repair of elbow defects and the biochemical characteristics of Werner's syndrome.

Werner's syndrome is a rare condition of autosomal recessive inheritance associated with features of accelerated aging. We describe 2 patients whose elbow defects were repaired with muscle flap or distally based ulnar recurrent artery flap. Protein analysis for the biopsied skin showed a remarkable increase of abnormal proteins in the range from 40,000 to 60,000 molecular weight. An abnormally low-molecular-weight protein in serum was also detected in the patient, but no abnormal proteins were seen in the urine. It is suggested that Werner's trophic ulcer can be repaired by ordinary skin flap, and we conclude that some abnormal proteins are produced in the Werner's skin and serum.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Free vascularized nail grafts.

A considerable amount of literature has been written on microneurovascular surgery for the reconstruction of partial defects in fingers, but little has been published on reconstruction to replace lost fingernails. We report on two clinical cases in which a free vascularized nail graft and a "double onychocutaneous flap" were used successfully. We suggest that the free vascularized nail graft is a superior method in reconstruction to treat fingernail loss or deformity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The free or pedicled saphenous flap.

The saphenous flap described by Acland is a septocutaneous artery flap based on the saphenous vessels and great saphenous vein. The use of this flap in 2 patients who required soft tissue coverage is reported herein. The saphenous flap has the advantages of thin and pliable skin, a long and large pedicle, and the technical possibility of combination with the sartorius muscle, sensory nerve, and the femur or tibia. Donor defects are usually closed directly and cause no functional limitations. This flap is useful for the coverage of thin defects that require mobility, especially in the extremities or the intraoral region. It also could be used for the reconstruction of various types of organ losses (e.g., as a motor providing musculocutaneous flap, an osteocutaneous flap involving the femur or the tibia, and/or a vascularized nerve graft).

Aged↗
PubMed1988

The free or pedicled anteromedial thigh flap.

The anteromedial thigh flap first described by Song is a septocutaneous artery flap based on the septocutaneous perforator originating from the lateral circumflex femoral vessels and long saphenous vein. The use of this flap for 3 patients who required soft tissue coverage is reported herein. The most important advantage of this flap is that it can be used not only as a skin flap but also as a vascularized fascia graft and fasciocutaneous free flap for the full-thickness defect of the abdominal wall and cranial region.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1987

The free ulnar forearm flap.

Many flaps have been described based on the septocutaneous perforators; these have many advantages for the coverage of soft tissue defects. The ulnar forearm flap described by Lovie is a septocutaneous flap based on the septocutaneous perforators of the ulnar artery. We report the use of this flap in 2 patients who required soft tissue coverage. The ulnar forearm flap has the advantages of thin and pliable skin, constant and large pedicle, and the technical possibility of combination with the muscles, sensory or motor nerve, and ulna. Comparing it with the radial forearm flap, there is no possibility of exposure of flexor tendons, which usually results in the good take of skin grafts. After skin grafting, the donor scar is unnoticeable because of its position on the forearm. This flap is for the coverage of thin defects that require mobility, such as in the extremities or the intraoral region. It also could be used for the coverage of hand or arm defects as a distally or proximally based island flap, respectively.

Forearm↗
PubMed1985

Experimental study of vascularized nerve grafts: multifactorial analyses of axonal regeneration of nerves transplanted into an acute burn wound.

Rat sciatic nerves were used in a comparative study of both vascularized and free nerve grafts that were transplanted into an acute burn wound. Electromyographic analyses of axonal regeneration were done at intervals from week 1 through week 24 after surgery. Biopsied sciatic nerves were processed for morphometric studies with the use of a fiber caliber analyzer. Motor nerve conduction velocity was faster in the vascularized nerve graft than in the free nerve graft until week 24 after surgery. Regenerated axons appeared earlier in the vascularized nerve grafts than in the free nerve grafts, and the density of large regenerated axons was greater in the former than in the latter group. It is suggested that preserving the vascular system of vascularized nerve grafts would decrease the likelihood of fibrosis and result in smooth regeneration of axons.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Experimental study of vascularized nerve grafts: morphometric study of axonal regeneration of nerves transplanted into silicone tubes.

Rat sciatic nerves were used in a comparative study of vascularized and free (nonvascularized) nerve grafts transplanted into silicone tubes. A total of 39 sciatic nerves were used, 21 as vascularized nerve grafts and 18 as free nerve grafts. The rats were killed at intervals from the first to the 24th postoperative weeks, and biopsied sciatic nerves were processed for morphometric studies using a fiber caliber analyzer. There was a significant increase in the number of large myelinated axons (more than 5 mu) in the vascularized nerve graft models over those in the free nerve graft models at the distal ankle region. Furthermore, the diameters of myelinated axons in the vascularized nerve graft were larger than those in the free nerve graft at all specimen sites during all postoperative weeks. We suggest that the preservation of the vascular system in vascularized nerve grafts would decrease the likelihood of fibrosis and result in better regeneration of axons.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Free second toe transfer for reconstruction of the distal phalanx of the fingers.

Free transfers of the distal parts of the second toe for reconstruction of distal phalangeal losses of the fingers were successfully carried out. This method is believed to be the best for functional and cosmetic reasons, but major postoperative vascular problems exist. To overcome these problems, multiple vascular anastomoses were employed at operation. The indications for this method are limited in Japanese patients, and its use depends on the patient's age, sex, religious beliefs and the shape of the second toe.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Trimmed second toetip transfer for reconstruction of claw nail deformity of the fingers.

Claw nail deformities of the fingers have been repaired by many methods, but the results have been cosmetically unsatisfactory because of loss of the distal phalangeal bone and the short nail bed. We have employed a trimmed second toetip including the distal phalangeal bone and excluding the germinal matrix as a vascularised composite flap for two patients with claw nail deformity of the fingers. The advantages of this method are that the repaired nail regrows to normal size and has bilateral nail folds. We believe that, in comparison with other conventional local or island flaps, this composite flap is functionally and cosmetically ideal for the repair of claw nail deformities.

Adult↗