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Biomedical subjects

I Klein

Publications and source records attributed to I Klein.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Colonic polyps in patients with acromegaly.

Seventeen patients with acromegaly were prospectively studied with barium enemas and colonoscopy to investigate the possibility that acromegaly is associated with an increased frequency of colonic polyps and colon cancer. Polyps were identified in nine patients and were removed and examined in eight. In five patients the polyps were adenomatous, and in four of the five there were multiple polyps. The presence of polyps closely correlated with the presence of skin tags (p = 0.041) and also with the age of the patient (p less than 0.01). No new cases of colonic cancer were discovered; however, reviewing the records of 44 patients with acromegaly, four cases were previously diagnosed with colon carcinoma. This study identifies a unique group of patients that are at risk for the development of colonic polyps and perhaps colon cancer.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1981

Tumor-induced osteomalacia. Evidence of a surgically correctable alteration in vitamin D metabolism.

A 15-year-old boy was treated for nonfamilial hypophosphatemic rickets. Treatment with ergocalciferol, 100,000 units/day, and phosphorus, 2 to 4 g/day, failed to alleviate the rickets. Levels of 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D were low while levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were elevated. After removal of a benign fibroma, the level of 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D increased, the serum phosphorus level became normal, and the osteomalacia was cured. The alteration of vitamin D metabolism and associated hypophosphatemia in oncogenic osteomalacia is a potentially reversible cause of bone disease mediated by the tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Interaction of bacteriophage O2 with strains of the genus Oerskovia.

Bacteriophage O2 multiplies normally on Oerskovia turbata IMET 47 153. It has a burst size of about 100 p.f.u. per infected cell and a latent period of 100 min at 30 degrees C. On Oerskovia xanthineolytica IMET 47 383 clear spots were formed after addition of high phage concentrations onto agar top layers. By phase contrast observation, and measurement of the optical density of infected cultures, it was found that the clearing effect on strain IMET 47 383 was due to lysis-from-without. Phage O2 adsorbs and injects its DNA into cells of strain IMET 47 383 but phage multiplication does not occur, and the phage DNA becomes degraded. Inhibition of phage DNA injection by the combined action of xanthotoxin -- u.v. irradiation abolished the clearing activity of phage lysates. Therefore, both adsorption and DNA injection seem to be prerequisites for the release of a lytic activity out of the phage particle, which is responsible for the clearing effect on strain IMET 47 383.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1981

Antigenic relationships of coronaviruses detectable by plaque neutralization, competitive enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay, and immunoprecipitation.

The antigenic relationships of mouse coronaviruses JHM and A59, human viruses OC43 and 229E, and multiple sclerosis (MS) isolates SD and SK have been investigated by plaque neutralization, competitive enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay, and immunoprecipitation. A59, SK, or SD plaques are neutralized by antiserum prepared against homologous as well as heterologous virus. Plaque neutralization also demonstrated weak reactivity between SD or SK and mouse virus JHM but no reactivity with human coronavirus 229E. An antiserum prepared against human virus OC43 neutralized viruses SD and SK but not mouse viruses A59 or JHM. In a competitive enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay (cELISA) the binding of antiserum prepared against MS isolate SK to bound SK antigen was inhibited to a comparable degree using OC43, SD, or A59 viral antigens. Coronavirus 229E or uninfected cell antigens did not block the binding of anti-SK serum to bound antigen. However, a cELISA utilizing OC43 as bound antigen and competing an anti-OC43 serum suggests that virus OC43 may be more closely related to SK than A59. Specific viral polypeptides that share antigenic determinants have been identified by immunoprecipitation of S35 methionine labeled viral infected cell extracts. Polypeptides of similar molecular weight were precipitated from A59, SD, or SK infected cell extracts by SD, SK, OC43, or A59 antisera. Our data suggests that the mouse coronavirus A59, human coronavirus OC43, and MS isolates SD and SK contain antigenically related polypeptides of similar molecular weight.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Hypothyroidism presenting as muscle stiffness and pseudohypertrophy: Hoffmann's syndrome.

There is a spectrum of muscular abnormalities that occurs in patients with hypothyroidism. Alterations in deep tendon reflexes are commonly observed although more extensive muscle disease is less frequently seen. Two patients who demonstrated increased muscle mass, muscle stiffness with variable degrees of muscle weakness and low levels of serum thyroxine (Hoffmann's syndrome) are described. At the time of presentation, the serum creatinine phosphokinase level was more than 10 times greater than normal, and electromyography revealed repetitive positive waves. After therapy with thyroid hormone, there was complete resolution of the muscle abnormalities, and laboratory studies were performed. In this report, we review the clinical syndrome of muscle dysfunction that can be seen with the more severe forms of hypothyroid myopathy.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Human parathyroid adenoma adenylate cyclase: stimulation by histamine that is blocked by cimetidine.

Recent evidence suggests that the histamine receptor blocking agent cimetidine can decrease parathyroid hormone release from human parathyroids. To determine the mechanism for inhibition we examined the ability of histamine 1 X 10(-5) moles/liter to stimulate adenylate cyclase in a particulate membrane preparation from 13 human parathyroid glands. Histamine significantly increased adenylate cyclase activity as compared to control; however, the degree of stimulation was variable among the individual tissue samples. Enzyme stimulation was dose dependent over the concentration range of 1 X 10(-7) to 1 X 10(-4) moles/liter. Cimetidine at 1 X 10(-4) moles/liter completely abolished the histamine mediated increase in activity, but did not block the epinephrine-induced stimulation. The identification of an adenylate cyclase system in certain human parathyroid adenomas that is stimulated by histamine and blocked by cimetidine may offer a basis for the pharmacologic alteration of parathyroid hormone secretion.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1981

Coronavirus isolates SK and SD from multiple sclerosis patients are serologically related to murine coronaviruses A59 and JHM and human coronavirus OC43, but not to human coronavirus 229E.

Two coronaviruses (SK and SD), isolated from fresh autopsy brain tissue from two multiple sclerosis patients, were compared with known human and murine coronaviruses. In plaque neutralization assays, antisera prepared against multiple sclerosis isolates SK and SD demonstrated significant cross-reactivity to each other and to murine coronavirus A59, weak cross-reactivity to murine coronavirus JHM, but no cross-reactivity to the human coronavirus 229E. Antiserum to SK or SD failed to inhibit hemagglutination of chicken erythrocytes by the human coronavirus OC43. However, OC43 antiserum neutralized both SD and SK. Specific coronavirus polypeptides were identified and compared by immunoprecipitation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Infected and mock-infected 17Cl-1 cells were pretreated with actinomycin D and labeled with [35S]methionine. Polypeptides in Nonidet P-40 cytoplasmic extracts were immunoprecipitated with homologous and heterologous antisera. Identical polypeptides were precipitated from A59-, SD-, or SK-infected cell extracts by SD, SK, OC43, or A59 antisera. The polypeptides of human virus 229E were antigenically distinct, with the exception of weak recognition of a polypeptide of 50,000 molecular weight. We conclude that the two multiple sclerosis virus isolates SK and SD are closely related serologically to the murine coronavirus A59 and the human coronavirus OC43.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1981

Thyroid disease in progressive systemic sclerosis: increased frequency of glandular fibrosis and hypothyroidism.

A series of patients with fatal progressive systemic sclerosis was reviewed with regard to pathologic, clinical, and serologic evidence of thyroid disease. Histologic evidence of severe fibrosis of the thyroid gland was found significantly more frequently in 56 progressive systemic sclerosis cases (14%) compared to an age and sex matched control autopsy series (2%) from the same institution. Based on determination of serum free thyroxine, free triiodothyroxine (T3), thyroid stimulating hormone, and reverse T3, 27 patients were classified as euthyroid (11), euthyroid sick (9), and hypothyroid (7). Patients with hypothyroidism more frequently had subcutaneous calcinosis. Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal hypomotility, sclerodactyly, and multiple telangiectasias (the CREST syndrome variant of progressive systemic sclerosis); all thyroid glands from the hypothyroid patients had fibrosis, but lymphocytic infiltration was an infrequent finding. Six hypothyroid patients had high titers of serum antithyroid antibodies, suggesting autoimmune thyroid disease. Thyroid gland fibrosis and hypothyroidism, possibly of autoimmune pathogenesis, are thus frequent and often unsuspected findings in progressive systemic sclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Silent thyrotoxic thyroiditis in association with chronic adrenocortical insufficiency.

A 23-year-old woman had silent thyrotoxic thyroiditis and chronic adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison's disease). Recent evidence suggests that silent thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid and by transient hyperthyroidism, followed occasionally by transient hypothyroidism and eventual recovery. This case would seem to expand the spectrum of autoimmune thyroid diseases (Graves' disease, lymphocytic [Hashimoto's] thyroiditis, and hypothyroidism) associated with chronic adrenocortical insufficiency.

Addison Disease↗
PubMed1979

Effect of water vapor pressure on the thermal decomposition of 2-chloroethylphosphonic Acid.

Decomposition of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (Ethephon) was studied in dried films at various water vapor pressures (0.6 to 86.9 millimeters Hg, 3.2 to 93.9% relative humidity) and temperatures (20, 30, 40, and 50 C) at pH 6.3 and 7.0. The rate of decomposition could be determined equally well by [(14)C]Ethephon or ethylene measurements. The rate increases at increasing water vapor pressures at a constant temperature and pH, up to an optimum. The optimum vapor pressure for decomposition approximately doubles for each 10 C increase. The activation energy for the decomposition reaction in water vapor pressures of 3.2 to 12 millimeters Hg is 8.7 and 14.3 kilocalories per mole at pH 6.3 and 7.0, respectively.Decomposition of Ethephon is inhibited above an optimum vapor pressure. The inhibition is stronger at lower temperatures and at pH 6.3 than at pH 7.0. The rate of decomposition and the inhibition observed at a low temperature (20 C) was found to be similar on various surfaces, including olive leaves.Failure to induce olive (Olea europaea L.) fruit abscission under certain environmental conditions can be readily attributed to rapid breakdown of Ethephon at elevated temperatures and low relative humidities.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1978

Effect of liposomes containing cholesterol on adenylate cyclase activity of cultured mammalian fibroblasts.

Liposomes prepared with cholesterol and dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine were incubated with a clone of normal rat kidney fibroblast of cells in culture. The cells took up [14C]cholesterol in proportion to the concentration of liposomes in the incubation medium, and the uptake increased with time over the four hours of study. Two cell membrane enzymes, adenylate cyclase and (Na+ + K+)-ATPase, exhibited decreased activity after treatment with cholesterol-containing liposomes. The decrease in adenylate cyclase activity was directly proportional to the uptake of [14C]cholesterol. When a variety of subclones of NRK 5W were examined some were found to respond to cholesterol treatment and some did not. These data are consistent with the view that membrane cholesterol content plays a role in controlling the activity of some plasma membrane enzymes.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1978

Differentiation of brain damage among low IQ subjects with three projective techniques.

Using a battery of three projective techniques (Rorschach, Hand Test, Bender-Gestalt) only slight discrimination was found between low IQ subjects classified according to the presence or absence of brain trauma (exogenous vs endogenous), while substantial discrimination was obtained between the same subjects categorized in terms of "lower" (60-74) and "higher" (75-89) FS WAIS IQ. All four groups used in this study had been first equated on sex and age. Results were interpreted as supporting the position that some sort of brain impairment underlies most or all retardation. Question was raised concerning the efficacy of projective techniques for diagnosing organicity in subjects of average or better intelligence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Importance of Holter monitoring in patients with periodic cerebral symptoms.

Holter monitoring was used in 358 patients with symptoms of intermittent dizziness, blackout, or both. The neurological findings in all patients were normal. None manifested evidence of a pertinent arrhythmia on the one-minute resting ECG; 8.9% of the patients demonstrated arrhythmias known to correlate with cerebral symptoms; and 11.2% demonstrated "predisposing" arrhythmias, ie. rhythms that in and of themselves may not precipitate symptoms but predispose to arrhythmias that do. The latter category included short bursts of ectopic tachycardia and intermittent short-duration asystole. High-frequency ectopic beats were observed in 24.6%. In almost every patient in whom intermittent arrhythmias precipitated symptoms there were many "predisposing" arrhythmias of short duration that occurred during the asymptomatic period. A comparison of 12- and 24-hour recordings demonstrated an increase in pertinent arrhythmias from 13.8 to 22.7%.

Adult↗