Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

I Kam

Publications and source records attributed to I Kam.

61 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Primary repair of colon injuries.

Colonic injuries are usually treated by exteriorization, resection and colostomy, or primary repair with proximal colostomy. However, many cases of successful treatment of colonic wounds by primary suture without colostomy have been reported. Yet, these repairs are usually restricted to civilian injuries, stab wounds, perforations of the right colon, cases with few or no other organ injuries, a short time interval between injury and operation, absence of shock, and minimal fecal soiling. We considered lack of fecal spillage to be the only important factor for 12 consecutive patients, the majority war casualties, and performed primary colon repairs on them. All the other commonly accepted limiting factors were disregarded. There were no complications related to the bowel repair. Using these more liberal guidelines, the number of primary repairs of colonic injuries may be increased, thus reducing hospitalization time and cost, and more important, reducing morbidity and mortality associated with the creation and subsequent closure of colostomies.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of hepatic stimulatory substance, isolated from regenerating hepatic cytosol, and 50,000 and 300,000 subfractions in enhancing survival in experimental acute hepatic failure in rats treated with D-galactosamine.

Galactosamine induces a dose-dependent hepatic injury in rats and many other animals. The toxicity of D-galactosamine appears to be a consequence of the loss of hepatic UTP. It has previously been reported that regenerating liver cytosol is able to prevent, at least in part, the lethal effect of this substance by stimulating hepatic regeneration. Recently, we have separated a fraction using alcohol precipitation (80%) from regenerating liver cytosol and from weanling rat liver cytosol prepared in acetate buffer (100 mM, pH 6.5). We named this fraction hepatic stimulatory substance because of its ability to stimulate DNA synthesis in vivo when injected intraperitoneally in 40% hepatectomized rats and in vitro in the presence of hepatocytes isolated and maintained in monolayer cultures. The stimulatory activity of the hepatic stimulatory substance is fully evident in subfractions of molecular weight up to 300,000 and 50,000 daltons of the crude material obtained using Amicon Ultra membrane filters. The present report describes the ability of hepatic stimulatory substance and its subfractions to stimulate hepatocyte proliferation and the application of these hepatic extracts in successfully reversing the lethality of D-galactosamine-induced hepatic necrosis in rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evidence that host size determines liver size: studies in dogs receiving orthotopic liver transplants.

Orthotopic liver transplantation was performed in two groups of dogs; Group I animals consisted of large dogs that served as recipients of livers obtained from smaller dogs while Group II animals consisted of dogs that received liver from donor dogs of nearly the same size. The small-for-size livers transplanted into the Group I dogs rapidly increased in size over the course of 2 weeks until they achieved a size equal to that originally present in the larger recipient dogs. In contrast, the livers transplanted into dogs of the same size as the donors underwent some degree of atrophy. In both groups of animals, plasma levels of insulin and glucagon and hepatic (graft) activities of thymidine kinase and ornithine decarboxylase were followed serially. The only difference between the two groups of animals for these measures was that the ornithine decarboxylase activity rose to a greater degree in the liver that underwent graft enlargement. These data suggest that recipient size determines, at least in part, liver graft size once it is transplanted. These data also suggest that of the parameters followed, only ornithine decarboxylase activity parallels the finding of growth of the transplanted liver.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pancreatic hormones and amino acid levels following liver transplantation.

Glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, peripheral insulin resistance and hyperglucagonemia are common in patients with advanced liver disease. These abnormalities in the plasma levels of the pancreatic hormones, insulin and glucagon have been thought to be responsible, at least in part, for the abnormal plasma ratio of branched-chain amino acids to aromatic amino acids. To evaluate this issue, plasma levels of glucose, insulin, glucagon, C-peptide and the branched-chain and aromatic amino acids were measured before and serially after orthotopic liver transplantation in 9 humans and 5 dogs. The abnormal plasma amino acid levels rapidly improved and achieved normal levels following orthotopic liver transplantation. Insulin levels also became normal following orthotopic liver transplantation, despite enhanced insulin secretion documented by an even further increased level of C-peptide. In contrast, the baseline abnormal plasma glucagon levels which are commonly seen in cirrhotics became even more abnormal following orthotopic liver transplantation. Despite this progressive increase in the abnormally elevated plasma glucagon levels, plasma amino acid levels, both branched-chain and aromatic, became normal. These data demonstrate that before and after orthotopic liver transplantation, there is: (i) no relationship between the changes in the plasma levels of glucagon and changes observed in the plasma level of amino acids; and (ii) plasma insulin and amino acid levels change in the same direction. In addition, these changes in plasma insulin and amino acid levels following orthotopic liver transplantation occur despite enhanced secretion of insulin evidenced by the progressive increase in plasma levels of C-peptide.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aortocaval fistula due to rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Two patients with spontaneous aortocaval fistula due to a ruptured aortic abdominal aneurysm are described. This accident is one of the rarest complications of such an aneurysm and is a severe surgical emergency with widely varying symptoms. Although its recognition should be obvious, it poses both diagnostic and therapeutic problems. One of our patients survived following 45 days of hemodialysis treatment.

Aged↗