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Biomedical subjects

I K Pedersen

Publications and source records attributed to I K Pedersen.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Anorectal function after low anterior resection for carcinoma.

Anorectal function was studied in 13 patients with carcinoma of the rectum 6-12 cm from the anal verge, which was treated by low anterior resection (LAR), and in 13 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Patients were studied before and 3 and 12 months after operation. Anal resting and squeeze pressures were the same in patients and control subjects and were decreased only moderately after surgery, with a slight increase in maximum squeeze pressure 12 months after operation. Three of the patients had an inverse rectoanal reflex before operation, and two had no reflex at all. After operation, only two patients showed a normal rectoanal inhibitory reflex, and none gained a normal reflex within 12 months after surgery. Rectal compliance was significantly reduced before operation, compared to control subjects, and was still significantly lower 3 months after operation. After 12 months, however, rectal compliance had returned to preoperative level in all but two patients with coloanal anastomosis, who still emptied the bowel 4-5 times daily.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

The effect of glucagon and glucagon 1-21 on anal sphincter function.

Resting anal sphincter pressure and rectoanal reflex were studied in six healthy volunteers after administration of placebo, glucagon, and glucagon 1-21. Glucagon resulted in a marked but short-lived early decrease in resting anal pressure, whereas the 1-21 fragment of the glucagon molecule had no effect. Further investigation of the possible hormonal/peptidergic regulation of anal sphincter function is necessary.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1982

Antibiotic prophylaxis in pulmonary surgery: a double-blind study of penicillin versus placebo.

A prospective, randomized double-blind study comparing high-dose short-term penicillin-G prophylaxis with placebo was conducted on patients referred for elective pulmonary surgery. The major advantages of penicillin prophylaxis over placebo were observed for wound infections (2/45 vs 9/47, respectively, p = 0.03), postoperative antibiotic use (13/45 vs 23/47, respectively, p = 0.049), and postoperative hospital stay (median 10 days vs 13 days, respectively, p = 0.02). The prophylactic penicillin regimen had no effect on the incidence of empyema or lower respiratory tract infections. Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus were identified as the major pathogens in post-operative infections. Penicillin significantly reduced the incidence of S. aureus in spite of resistance to penicillin in most isolated strains, while the frequency of Haemophilus was similar in the two treatment groups. Colonization with Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was pronounced in the penicillin group. Few side-effects of penicillin treatment were recorded. Short-term penicillin prophylaxis is recommended, but the ideal prophylactic regimen in pulmonary surgery has not yet been found.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Monozygotic twins with dissimilar phenotypes and chromosome complements.

A case history of monozygotic twins is presented. Twin A showed gonadal dysgenesis and chromosomal mosaicism (45,X0/46,XX). Twin B was a phenotypical normal female with the karyotype 46,XX. Fifteen previous reports of monozygotic twins with gonadal dysgenesis are reviewed. Dissimilar phenotypes seem to be the rule rather than the exception, and mosaicism is found in the majority of cases with dissimilar phenotype. The assumption is made that the chromosome disorder leading to gonadal dysgenesis arises postzygotically, eigher before or after the process leading to twinning.

Adolescent↗