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Biomedical subjects

I Johnston

Publications and source records attributed to I Johnston.

101 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Cellular immunity to lymphocyte antigens in human infertility.

The leukocyte migration test was used to detect cellular immunity to HL-A antigens present on the husband's lymphocytes and spermatozoa in a group of fertile and infertile couples. Approximately 50% of the married female population appear to be sensitized. There was no difference between the fertile and infertile groups in the frequency of positive results, but a greater number of migration indices were below 0.7 and 0.6 in the infertile group. It is suggested that sperm cells are the most likely cause of immunization.

Cell Migration Inhibition↗
PubMed1975

Experimental effects of steroids and steroid withdrawal on cerebrospinal fluid absorption.

The authors studied the effects on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) absorption of chronic administration and acute withdrawal of steroids in dogs. CSF absorption was measured by determining the amount of isotope (indium 111DTPA) recovered over a 4-hour period after injection into the cisterna magna. Resistance to CSF absorption was estimated by determining rates of low of Ringer's lactate infusion into the cisterna magna over a range of pressure gradients between CSF and sagittal sinus. Steroid withdrawal was associated with a marked reduction in CSF absorption and an increase in resistance to CSF flow. Dogs on steroids also showed reduced CSF absorption although the reduction was not statistically significant when compared with controls. The results are discussed in terms of possible mechanisms of action of steroids on CSF absorption, the etiology of the benign intracranial hypertension syndrome and the use of steroids and in the control of intracranial hypertension.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Are theophyllines being prescribed effectively and safely in general practice?

To investigate the attitudes and practices of GPs towards the use and monitoring of theophyllines, a questionnaire was mailed to all 479 GP principals in Nottinghamshire with one reminder to non-responders. Valid responses were obtained from 49% (236). Theophyllines were regarded as first-line or frequent second-line bronchodilators by 40% (94 of 234) of GPs in chronic bronchitis, 24% (56 of 234) in nocturnal asthma, and by 6% (15 of 234) in chronic stable asthma, although only 1% (2 of 234) of GPs regarded theophylline as strictly first-line therapy in chronic stable asthma. Theophylline levels were never checked by 76% (172 of 225) of practitioners at the start of therapy, or by 48% (110 of 231) during long-term therapy; half (110 of 217) could identify only up to 50% of a series of common factors affecting theophylline levels. There was no relationship between a score of theophylline knowledge and prescribing habits in chronic bronchitis, but doctors who checked levels scored significantly higher. Although theophyllines are being used in general practice for broadly sensible indications, this survey highlights aspects of prescribing that may be compromising both safety and effectiveness. Patients are likely to benefit if the need to check levels and the factors affecting levels become better known.

Adult↗