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Biomedical subjects

I Jensen

Publications and source records attributed to I Jensen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Serotonin inputs to rabbit sympathetic preganglionic neurons projecting to the superior cervical ganglion or adrenal medulla.

The input from serotonin-containing nerve fibres to rabbit sympathetic preganglionic neurons projecting to either the superior cervical ganglion or the adrenal medulla was investigated by combining retrograde tracing with the B subunit of cholera toxin and immunocytochemistry for serotonin. There were pronounced rostrocaudal variations in the density of serotonin fibres in the rabbit intermediolateral cell column from T1 to L4; maximum numbers of fibres were found in T3-6 and L3-4 and minimum numbers in T1 and T10-12. By light microscopy, retrogradely labelled sympathetic preganglionic neurons projecting to the superior cervical ganglion or the adrenal medulla received variable densities of close appositions from serotonin-immunoreactive fibres. Some neurons from each population received many close appositions, whereas others received moderate numbers or few appositions. Appositions occurred on the cell bodies, dendrites, and occasionally axons of sympathetic preganglionic neurons. Rare neurons in both groups of retrogradely labelled cells received no appositions from serotonin-containing nerve fibres. At the ultrastructural level, synapses were found between serotonin-positive boutons and sympathetic preganglionic neurons projecting either to the superior cervical ganglion or to the adrenal medulla. These results indicate that, through direct synaptic contacts, serotonin-immunoreactive, presumably bulbospinal, nerve fibres affect the activity of the vast majority of sympathetic preganglionic neurons that send axons either to the superior cervical ganglion or to the adrenal medulla. This serotonin input may be sympathoexcitatory and could mediate increases in sympathetic nerve activity and in the release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1995

The role of the psychologist in multidisciplinary treatments for chronic neck and shoulder pain: a controlled cost-effectiveness study.

This study was designed to determine a cost-effective use of psychologist resources in multimodal cognitive-behavioural treatments (MMCBT) for chronic neck/shoulder pain. A randomised controlled trial was conducted with 66 patients divided in two groups. The first group (A) was treated following the approach of MMCBT with the clinical psychologist only functioning as a "coach" to the other health professionals. In this group, the psychologist had on average 5 hours of input per patients. The second group (B) was treated with the same inpatient MMCBT but with the behavioural component administered by the clinical psychologist directly to the patients. In this second group the psychologist had on average 17 hours of input per patient in the entire intervention. The outcome variables included physical, emotional and social factors, and sick-leave. Both groups showed significant improvements over time. The improvements were evident only in sub-groups, specifically in women. The only significant difference between the groups was in "perceived helplessness" favouring the "psychologist contact" setting. It is concluded that in terms of input of clinical psychology, the treatment setting with the "coaching" technique proved to be the most cost-effective use of the psychologist in the two treatment settings investigated.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Coping with long-term musculoskeletal pain and its consequences: is gender a factor?

We did a descriptive study of 121 patients (71 women and 50 men) to explore the role of gender in coping with long-term intractable pain of the neck, shoulder and back and to determine the consequences of pain. Questionnaires used to assess the dependent variables were the Coping Strategy Questionnaire (CSQ) and the Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI). Distinctions were found between men and women. In particular, the coping strategies used by women were those which in previous research had been found to be associated with dysfunction and poor outcome in terms of rehabilitation. Moreover, considering the consequences of pain on daily living, a more complex pattern of related factors was found in women rather than men. Given the high proportion of working women in Sweden with long-term musculoskeletal pain and considering recent observations in controlled studies showing that the benefits of cognitive behaviourally based treatments are confined to women, our findings suggest the need to tailor rehabilitative strategies differently for men and women and point to a research agenda which pays more attention to the distinctive challenges of women in the workplace when they are affected by chronic ailments.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1994

Prognosis of fracture of the talus in children. 21 (7-34)-year follow-up of 14 cases.

14 children suffering from a fracture of the talar neck or body were examined after 21 (7-34) years. The talar neck was fractured in 10 children and the talar body in 4.3 fractures were displaced and primarily treated with reduction and immobilization. Nondisplaced fractures were treated conservatively. All fractures healed. All patients with displaced fractures had exercise-induced pain at follow-up. Of 11 patients with nondisplaced fractures only 1 had minor complaints. CT and conventional radiographs showed arthrosis in the talocrural joint and normal subtalar joints in those with displaced fractures. The radiographic findings were normal after nondisplaced fractures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Pediatric condylar fractures: a long-term follow-up study of 55 patients.

Fifty-five patients between 5 and 20 years old who were previously treated conservatively for a fracture of the mandibular condyle were recalled for follow-up examination with a mean postoperative observation time of 10.1 years. Anamnestic information was obtained from a questionnaire, and clinical and radiologic examinations were performed. Anamnestic and clinical dysfunction indices were obtained. When the patients were divided into four different age groups it was found that the dysfunction index values increased significantly with increasing age at the time of trauma. Radiologic abnormalities such as reduced ramus height, deviation of the mandibular midline, and irregular shape of the condyle were seen frequently, but could not be correlated with the severity of dysfunction. No cases of ankylosis or serious asymmetry were found. The results support the opinion that conservative treatment is sufficient in pediatric patients, but in older age groups the results of conservative treatment are less satisfactory.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Sympathetic preganglionic neurons projecting to the adrenal medulla and aorticorenal ganglion in the rabbit.

The distribution of sympathetic preganglionic neurons (SPN) projecting to the adrenal medulla and the aorticorenal ganglion in the rabbit was studied using a dual retrograde transport technique. The B subunit of cholera toxin (CTB) was injected into the left adrenal medulla and wheatgerm agglutinin-apo-horseradish peroxidase-7 nm gold (WGA-apo-HRP-gold) was injected into the left aorticorenal ganglion. Retrogradely transported CTB was detected by immunohistochemistry, while gold particles were detected by silver intensification. SPN projecting to the adrenal medulla were observed in segments T2-L2 of the spinal cord in 5 rabbits, with the majority of cells within segments T6-T11 (79%). SPN projecting to the aorticorenal ganglion were seen in segments T2-L1 of the spinal cord in 5 rabbits, with the greatest number of the cells within T6-T11 (81%). Only a small number of doubly labelled cells (1%) were found in two rabbits. The results suggest that despite their similar segmental distribution SPN projecting to the adrenal medulla or the aorticorenal ganglion belong to separate populations and few, if any, individual SPN have axonal projections to both locations.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1992

Metabolic effects of monomeric insulin analogues of different receptor affinity.

The effects of two monomeric insulin analogues of differing receptor affinities (human insulin = 100%) B9Asp-B27Glu-insulin (18%) and B10Asp-insulin (327%) were each compared with human insulin in two groups of 10 normal men when infused at equimolar low doses (1.0 and 2.0 pmol kg-1 min-1). The metabolic clearance rate under steady state conditions was highest for the analogue with the highest receptor affinity, 26.8 +/- 0.8 (+/- SE) vs 19.8 +/- 0.7 ml kg-1 min-1 for insulin (p less than 0.001), and lowest for the analogue with the lowest receptor affinity, 13.3 +/- 0.8 vs 25.1 +/- 2.0 ml kg-1 min-1 for insulin (p less than 0.001). The apparent plasma half-life was prolonged for the low affinity analogue compared with human insulin (12.6 +/- 0.6 vs 1.9 +/- 0.2 min, p less than 0.001), and significantly shorter for the higher affinity analogue (1.6 +/- 0.1 vs 3.1 +/- 0.4 min, p less than 0.05). The three insulins gave similar falls in blood glucose, non-esterified fatty acids, glycerol, and total ketone bodies over the infusion period. Thirty minutes after the end of the infusion, the rise in blood glucose for the low affinity analogue was significantly less than for human insulin (0.5 +/- 0.2 vs 0.9 +/- 0.1 mmol l-1, p less than 0.05). Despite different receptor affinities, these analogues have similar in vivo effects in normal men, but the time-course of their actions may differ when they are infused intravenously.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Bacterial contamination of air and surgical wounds during joint replacement operations. Comparison of two different types of staff clothing.

Compared with conventional surgical clothing, polypropylene coveralls reduced the bacterial contamination of the air of a conventionally ventilated operating room by 62%. The contamination of surgical wounds during joint replacement was also reduced, but not to a significant degree. Sixteen percent of the bacteria sampled from the wounds were resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic and the importance of a clean air system for performing joint replacement operations is stressed. The use of commercially available non-woven swabs for sampling bacteria from the surgical wound compared favourably with the use of specially prepared velvet pads.

Air Microbiology↗