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Biomedical subjects

I J Kerby

Publications and source records attributed to I J Kerby.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

A comparison of the toxicity and efficacy of cisplatin and carboplatin in advanced ovarian cancer. The Swons Gynaecological Cancer Group.

Eighty-eight patients with stage IIB-III epithelial ovarian cancer were randomised to receive first line single agent cisplatin (100 mg/m2) monthly or carboplatin (400 mg/m2) monthly for up to 5 cycles. Crossover to the opposite analogue occurred with progression or lack of response. All patients were premedicated with i.v. methylprednisolone (500 mg at 0 hours and 250 mg at 3 hours) and the first 20 patients in both groups received lorazepam and prochloperazine for nausea and vomiting. The median number of vomiting episodes per cycle with cisplatin was 16 and with carboplatin 2 (p less than 0.001). In the cisplatin arm 27/40 (67.5%) developed mild renal toxicity, 9/40 (22.5%) WHO grade I neurotoxicity and 18/40 (45%) evidence of ototoxicity at audiometry. To date we have seen no neuro- or ototoxicity with carboplatin and 1/40 (2.5%) have developed WHO grade I renal toxicity. Myelosuppression and anaemia was more common with carboplatin but only 1 episode of grade IV thrombocytopenia has been seen with first line carboplatin. The clinical response rate (CR+PR) for cisplatin was 19/40 and for carboplatin 27/40. Actuarial survival for cisplatin group at 24 months was 50% and for carboplatin group 58% with no significant difference. Carboplatin appears less toxic than cisplatin producing to date similar survival and response as a single agent.

Antiemetics↗
PubMed1988

Routine clinical application of the lymphocyte fluorescence polarization test for malignant disease.

The technique of Lymphocyte Fluorescence Polarization (LFP) can confirm or exclude the presence of malignant disease. The results from tests on a total of 566 subjects showed a false-positive rate of 3.8% and a false-negative rate of 2.2%. The LFP test has been used as an aid in the differential diagnosis of patients whose symptoms are not typical of primary or recurrent malignant disease. In over 40 such cases there has been total agreement between the LFP results and subsequent clinical or pathological investigations. The LFP Test has been used to monitor the response of cancer patients to various therapeutic regimes. Ovarian cancer patients giving negative LFP results after treatment with Cisplatin have been found free of disease at laparotomy, indicating that LFP may be an acceptable alternative to the surgical investigation. The LFP test has been shown to provide information of much value in the management of patients with malignant disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Specific absorption rate and tissue temperature in local hyperthermia.

Specific absorption rate (SAR) and tissue temperature were measured for a total of 83 treatments in 33 patients who received local hyperthermia treatment for cancer. The patients were grouped into three categories according to tumor size. Hyperthermia was induced by 13.56 MHz electromagnetic energy applied using capacitive coupling. A method is described for evaluating SAR from the tissue temperature traces at any time in the treatment when a step change is made in applied power. The method is possible only if the temperature traces are free from interference and the total power delivered to the patient is monitored. Mean values of SAR ranged from 4.6 to 89 W kg-1 depending on the treatment site. Satisfactory heating was achieved for superficial tumors, with temperatures greater than 42 degrees C being recorded in 69% of treatments. For axillary nodes only 4% of treatments exceeded 42 degrees C. For cervix tumors an idealized tumor model was used to estimate tumor temperature from the temperature and SAR measured in the adjacent normal tissue. From the model it appears necessary either to raise the systemic temperature to 40 degrees C or to increase the SAR by at least a factor of 4 to obtain a temperature of 42 degrees C in a typical tumor. Measurements of SAR and temperature are essential for feedback control of computer models which, in principle, could provide a complete distribution of temperature during a hyperthermia treatment. Furthermore, measured SAR provides a direct comparison of the power deposition from different treatment machines in a clinical environment. The data presented form a basis for comparison with the clinical use of other heating systems.

Absorption↗
PubMed1978

Cancer-specific density changes in lymphocytes after stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin.

A fluorescence polarisation technique ("S.C.M. test") for detecting responses to phytohaemagglutinin revealed that the responsive lymphocytes from patients with malignant disease had an abnormal distribution after centrifugation through lymphocyte separation medium. In a small blind series the technique accurately distinguished patients with histologically proven malignancies from those with nonmalignant disease and normal people.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Stromal endometriosis.

The case histories of six patients with stromal endometriosis of the uterus have been studied. These patients had been referred with disease recurrent after hysterectomy for palliative radiotherapy, which four received with useful effect. The disease has a different natural history from the commoner endometrial sarcoma, and it is suggested that combined surgery and prophylactic pelvic radiotherapy may be the best form of treatment.

Adult↗